Question 1

Research on laboratory dilemmas reveals that cooperation is facilitated if

Accepted Answer

A)  one person is 100% cooperative. 
B)  the opponents can communicate with one another. 
C)  the game is changed into a zero-sum game. 
D)  the size of the payoffs is increased. 
A)  one person is 100% cooperative. 
B)  the opponents can communicate with one another. 
C)  the game is changed into a zero-sum game. 
D)  the size of the payoffs is increased. B

Question 2

In the tragedy of the commons,the "commons" refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  disputed border territory. 
B)  stolen goods or winnings. 
C)  any jointly used, finite resource. 
D)  private property that repeatedly changes ownership. 
A)  disputed border territory. 
B)  stolen goods or winnings. 
C)  any jointly used, finite resource. 
D)  private property that repeatedly changes ownership. C

Question 3

Pursuing one's self-interest to the collective detriment of one's community or society is the central pattern in

Accepted Answer

A)  mirror-image perception. 
B)  the jigsaw problem. 
C)  perceived injustice. 
D)  a social dilemma. 
A)  mirror-image perception. 
B)  the jigsaw problem. 
C)  perceived injustice. 
D)  a social dilemma. D

Question 4

The reciprocal views that parties in conflict often hold of one another are referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  mirror-image perceptions. 
B)  stereotypic reciprocation. 
C)  complementary images. 
D)  reciprocal illusions. 
A)  mirror-image perceptions. 
B)  stereotypic reciprocation. 
C)  complementary images. 
D)  reciprocal illusions.

Question 5

The relationship between the size of a commons and a person's feeling of responsibility for it is

Accepted Answer

A)  positive. 
B)  negative. 
C)  neutral. 
D)  curvilinear. 
A)  positive. 
B)  negative. 
C)  neutral. 
D)  curvilinear.

Question 6

In small groups - as opposed to large ones - individuals are

Accepted Answer

A)  more likely to take more than their equal share. 
B)  less anonymous and thus less cooperative. 
C)  less likely to take more than their equal share. 
D)  more open about their conflicts. 
A)  more likely to take more than their equal share. 
B)  less anonymous and thus less cooperative. 
C)  less likely to take more than their equal share. 
D)  more open about their conflicts.

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT cited in the text as a method for resolving social dilemmas?

Accepted Answer

A)  regulation 
B)  making the group smaller 
C)  communication 
D)  competition 
A)  regulation 
B)  making the group smaller 
C)  communication 
D)  competition

Question 8

In both the Prisoner's Dilemma and the Commons Dilemma,people are tempted to explain their own behavior _______ and others' behavior _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  situationally; situationally 
B)  dispositionally; dispositionally 
C)  situationally; dispositionally 
D)  dispositionally; situationally 
A)  situationally; situationally 
B)  dispositionally; dispositionally 
C)  situationally; dispositionally 
D)  dispositionally; situationally

Question 9

Despite official government warnings of a severe water shortage,most citizens fail to conserve in the belief that their personal water consumption will have little effect on the community's total water supply.The eventual depletion of the community's water resources provides an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  mirror-image perceptions. 
B)  individualistic calamity. 
C)  the tragedy of the commons. 
D)  rational disaster. 
A)  mirror-image perceptions. 
B)  individualistic calamity. 
C)  the tragedy of the commons. 
D)  rational disaster.

Question 10

Which of the following is cited in the text as an example of changing payoffs to resolve social dilemmas?

Accepted Answer

A)  allowing carpoolers to drive in the faster, freeway lane 
B)  requiring carpool cars and vans to park in special, larger parking lots farther away from the office building 
C)  lowering the price of gasoline well below $1 per gallon 
D)  raising the price of gasoline well above $5 per gallon 
A)  allowing carpoolers to drive in the faster, freeway lane 
B)  requiring carpool cars and vans to park in special, larger parking lots farther away from the office building 
C)  lowering the price of gasoline well below $1 per gallon 
D)  raising the price of gasoline well above $5 per gallon

Question 11

John believes that he is hardworking and that his wife Rachel is lazy.Rachel believes that she is hardworking and that John is lazy.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  an inequitable relationship. 
B)  mirror-image perception. 
C)  a superordinate goal. 
D)  a social trap. 
A)  an inequitable relationship. 
B)  mirror-image perception. 
C)  a superordinate goal. 
D)  a social trap.

Question 12

What is your ideal definition of justice in an intimate relationship? Is it the same as your ideal definition of justice in the realm of economics? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is your ideal definition of justice...

Question 13

In the Prisoner's Dilemma,if both prisoners confess,each will get a _______; if neither confesses,each will _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  moderate sentence; get a light sentence 
B)  severe sentence; get a light sentence 
C)  severe sentence; go free 
D)  moderate sentence; get a severe sentence 
A)  moderate sentence; get a light sentence 
B)  severe sentence; get a light sentence 
C)  severe sentence; go free 
D)  moderate sentence; get a severe sentence

Question 14

As Sherif noted,despite the fact that the behavior of the boys in the warring camps seemed "wicked,disturbed,and vicious," what actually triggered their evil behavior was

Accepted Answer

A)  their leaders' modeling of aggression. 
B)  their delinquent backgrounds. 
C)  their ethnic identities. 
D)  an evil situation. 
A)  their leaders' modeling of aggression. 
B)  their delinquent backgrounds. 
C)  their ethnic identities. 
D)  an evil situation.

Question 15

One aspect of mirror-image perception is that one side tends to

Accepted Answer

A)  exaggerate their differences from their adversaries. 
B)  see itself reflected in the way others see it. 
C)  see the situation as the reflection of an evil situation. 
D)  agree with the other side. 
A)  exaggerate their differences from their adversaries. 
B)  see itself reflected in the way others see it. 
C)  see the situation as the reflection of an evil situation. 
D)  agree with the other side.

Question 16

Which one of the following is an example of a non-zero-sum game?

Accepted Answer

A)  the Prisoner's Dilemma 
B)  the Commons Dilemma 
C)  both the Prisoner's and the Commons Dilemmas 
D)  neither the Prisoner's nor the Commons Dilemmas 
A)  the Prisoner's Dilemma 
B)  the Commons Dilemma 
C)  both the Prisoner's and the Commons Dilemmas 
D)  neither the Prisoner's nor the Commons Dilemmas

Question 17

found that 12% described the opposing party as _______ and 74% perceived themselves as _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  cooperative; cooperative 
B)  intelligent; intelligent 
C)  cooperative; competitive 
D)  rational; competent 
A)  cooperative; cooperative 
B)  intelligent; intelligent 
C)  cooperative; competitive 
D)  rational; competent

Question 18

Christina and Massimo have been saving money since they got married.Now Massimo wants to buy a new car,but Christina wants to continue saving for a new house.Massimo and Christina

Accepted Answer

A)  are experiencing conflict. 
B)  are experiencing dissonance. 
C)  have mirror-image perceptions. 
D)  are developing superordinate goals. 
A)  are experiencing conflict. 
B)  are experiencing dissonance. 
C)  have mirror-image perceptions. 
D)  are developing superordinate goals.

Question 19

When individuals consume more than their share,and the cost of doing so is dispersed among all,the result is called

Accepted Answer

A)  greed. 
B)  environmental devastation. 
C)  overconsumption. 
D)  the tragedy of the commons. 
A)  greed. 
B)  environmental devastation. 
C)  overconsumption. 
D)  the tragedy of the commons.

Question 20

gave Japanese students opportunities to harvest trees in a simulated forest for money.When the students equally shared the costs of planting the forest,the result was that

Accepted Answer

A)  most of the trees were left to grow too tall for harvesting because the students bickered about the criterion to be used in sharing profits. 
B)  most of the trees were harvested before they had grown to the most profitable size. 
C)  none of the trees were harvested because the collectivist students did not want to be the first to ask for his or her share. 
D)  students made maximum profit not only for themselves individually but for the group. 
A)  most of the trees were left to grow too tall for harvesting because the students bickered about the criterion to be used in sharing profits. 
B)  most of the trees were harvested before they had grown to the most profitable size. 
C)  none of the trees were harvested because the collectivist students did not want to be the first to ask for his or her share. 
D)  students made maximum profit not only for themselves individually but for the group.

Exam 28: Causes of Conflict

Research on laboratory dilemmas reveals that cooperation is facilitated if

In the tragedy of the commons,the "commons" refers to

Pursuing one's self-interest to the collective detriment of one's community or society is the central pattern in

The reciprocal views that parties in conflict often hold of one another are referred to as

The relationship between the size of a commons and a person's feeling of responsibility for it is

In small groups - as opposed to large ones - individuals are

Which of the following is NOT cited in the text as a method for resolving social dilemmas?

In both the Prisoner's Dilemma and the Commons Dilemma,people are tempted to explain their own behavior _______ and others' behavior _______.

Despite official government warnings of a severe water shortage,most citizens fail to conserve in the belief that their personal water consumption will have little effect on the community's total water supply.The eventual depletion of the community's water resources provides an example of

Which of the following is cited in the text as an example of changing payoffs to resolve social dilemmas?

John believes that he is hardworking and that his wife Rachel is lazy.Rachel believes that she is hardworking and that John is lazy.This is an example of

What is your ideal definition of justice in an intimate relationship? Is it the same as your ideal definition of justice in the realm of economics? Why or why not?

In the Prisoner's Dilemma,if both prisoners confess,each will get a _______; if neither confesses,each will _______.

As Sherif noted,despite the fact that the behavior of the boys in the warring camps seemed "wicked,disturbed,and vicious," what actually triggered their evil behavior was

One aspect of mirror-image perception is that one side tends to

Which one of the following is an example of a non-zero-sum game?

found that 12% described the opposing party as _______ and 74% perceived themselves as _______.

Christina and Massimo have been saving money since they got married.Now Massimo wants to buy a new car,but Christina wants to continue saving for a new house.Massimo and Christina

When individuals consume more than their share,and the cost of doing so is dispersed among all,the result is called

gave Japanese students opportunities to harvest trees in a simulated forest for money.When the students equally shared the costs of planting the forest,the result was that

Doing Social Psychology

Did You Know It All Along

Self-Concept: Who Am I

Self-Serving Bias

The Power of Positive Thinking

The Fundamental Attribution Error

The Powers and Perils of Intuition

Reasons for Unreason

Behavior and Belief

Clinical Intuition

Clinical Therapy: The Powers of Social Cognition

Human Nature and Cultural Diversity

Gender, Genes, and Culture

How Nice People Get Corrupted

Two Routes to Persuasion

Indoctrination and Inoculation

The Mere Presence of Others

Many Hands Make Diminished Responsibility

Doing Together What We Would Not Do Alone

How Do Groups Intensify Decisions

Power to the Person

The Reach of Prejudice

The Roots of Prejudice

The Nature and Nurture of Aggression

Do the Media Influence Social Behavior

Who Likes Whom

The Ups and Downs of Love

Blessed Are the Peacemakers

When Do People Help

Social Psychology and the Sustainable Future

Filters

In both the Prisoner's Dilemma and the Commons Dilemma,people are tempted to explain their own behavior _ and others' behavior _.

In the Prisoner's Dilemma,if both prisoners confess,each will get a _; if neither confesses,each will _.

found that 12% described the opposing party as _ and 74% perceived themselves as _.