Question 1

A Paramecium is an example of a

Accepted Answer

A) primary consumer. 
B) quaternary consumer. 
C) secondary consumer. 
D) primary producer. 
E) tertiary consumer. 
A) primary consumer. 
B) quaternary consumer. 
C) secondary consumer. 
D) primary producer. 
E) tertiary consumer. A

Question 2

You have been using massive amounts of weed killer and insecticide chemicals to knock out all of those pesky weeds in your yard,as well as the grubs and aphids that are munching on your roses and your grass.What effect might this have from a microbiological standpoint?

Accepted Answer

A) Loss of microbial diversity in the soil. 
B) Reduction in microbial numbers in the soil. 
C) Damage to the nitrogen fixing bacteria. 
D) Damage to the mycorrhizae. 
E) All of the above. 
A) Loss of microbial diversity in the soil. 
B) Reduction in microbial numbers in the soil. 
C) Damage to the nitrogen fixing bacteria. 
D) Damage to the mycorrhizae. 
E) All of the above. E

Question 3

The advantage of nitrogen fixation to the host plant is:

Accepted Answer

A) the production of DNA and RNA nucleotides required for nucleic acids. 
B) the ability to use nitrogen gas instead of oxygen gas in cell respiration,particularly when the soil is compacted. 
C) the production of antibiotics which then protects the plant against pathogenic bacteria in the soil. 
D) the ability to synthesize amino acids and proteins from the ammonia produced from nitrogen fixation. 
A) the production of DNA and RNA nucleotides required for nucleic acids. 
B) the ability to use nitrogen gas instead of oxygen gas in cell respiration,particularly when the soil is compacted. 
C) the production of antibiotics which then protects the plant against pathogenic bacteria in the soil. 
D) the ability to synthesize amino acids and proteins from the ammonia produced from nitrogen fixation. D

Question 4

Which microorganism is considered phytoplankton?

Accepted Answer

A) nitrogen fixing bacteria 
B) cyanobacteria 
C) sulfur reducers 
D) mycorrhizae 
A) nitrogen fixing bacteria 
B) cyanobacteria 
C) sulfur reducers 
D) mycorrhizae

Question 5

Select the statement that explains the usefulness of metagenomic analysis in research today.

Accepted Answer

A) It evaluates microbial diversity in a habitat. 
B) It allows the identification of unculturable microorganisms. 
C) It detects the abundance of microorganisms in an environment. 
D) All of the above. 
A) It evaluates microbial diversity in a habitat. 
B) It allows the identification of unculturable microorganisms. 
C) It detects the abundance of microorganisms in an environment. 
D) All of the above.

Question 6

The thin envelope of life that surrounds the earth's surface is called the

Accepted Answer

A) atmosphere. 
B) biosphere. 
C) lithosphere. 
D) hydrosphere. 
E) ecosystem. 
A) atmosphere. 
B) biosphere. 
C) lithosphere. 
D) hydrosphere. 
E) ecosystem.

Question 7

Both energy and nutrients cycle through an ecosystem.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The correct sequence of events involved in nitrogen cycling is:

Accepted Answer

A) denitrification,nitrogen fixation,nitrification 
B) nitrogen fixation,nitrification,denitrification 
C) denitrification,nitrification,denitrification 
D) nitrification,denitirification,nitrogen fixation 
A) denitrification,nitrogen fixation,nitrification 
B) nitrogen fixation,nitrification,denitrification 
C) denitrification,nitrification,denitrification 
D) nitrification,denitirification,nitrogen fixation

Question 9

The oxidation of ammonia (NH4+)to nitrate (NO3-)and nitrite (NO2-)is called

Accepted Answer

A) ammonification. 
B) nitrogen fixation. 
C) photosynthesis. 
D) nitrification. 
E) denitrification. 
A) ammonification. 
B) nitrogen fixation. 
C) photosynthesis. 
D) nitrification. 
E) denitrification.

Question 10

There are no viruses that infect the Archaea located in hypersaline habitats.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Which of the following is true of water-saturated soils?

Accepted Answer

A) provide gases for soil microbes 
B) contain aerobic and facultative organisms 
C) contain anaerobes 
D) have a high oxygen content 
E) have a low carbon dioxide content 
A) provide gases for soil microbes 
B) contain aerobic and facultative organisms 
C) contain anaerobes 
D) have a high oxygen content 
E) have a low carbon dioxide content

Question 12

The mutualistic partnership between plant roots and microbes is

Accepted Answer

A) hyphae. 
B) basidia. 
C) mycorrhizae. 
D) rhizopods. 
E) lichens. 
A) hyphae. 
B) basidia. 
C) mycorrhizae. 
D) rhizopods. 
E) lichens.

Question 13

A collection of organisms,together with their physical and chemical factors,are called a/an

Accepted Answer

A) atmosphere. 
B) biosphere. 
C) lithosphere. 
D) hydrosphere. 
E) ecosystem. 
A) atmosphere. 
B) biosphere. 
C) lithosphere. 
D) hydrosphere. 
E) ecosystem.

Question 14

The primary role of producers is the recycling of nutrients in an ecosystem.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

A group of organisms of the same species within a community is called a

Accepted Answer

A) niche. 
B) habitat. 
C) population. 
D) community. 
E) biome. 
A) niche. 
B) habitat. 
C) population. 
D) community. 
E) biome.

Question 16

Carbon dioxide (CO2)is

Accepted Answer

A) removed from the atmosphere during photosynthesis. 
B) a source of carbon. 
C) returned to the atmosphere during respiration and fermentation. 
D) used by marine organisms to make limestone for their hard shells. 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) removed from the atmosphere during photosynthesis. 
B) a source of carbon. 
C) returned to the atmosphere during respiration and fermentation. 
D) used by marine organisms to make limestone for their hard shells. 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 17

Eutrophication

Accepted Answer

A) is characterized by heavy surface algal blooms. 
B) can block the O2 supply to the lake. 
C) occurs when there are excess nutrients in aquatic ecosystems. 
D) causes massive die-off of fish and invertebrates. 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) is characterized by heavy surface algal blooms. 
B) can block the O2 supply to the lake. 
C) occurs when there are excess nutrients in aquatic ecosystems. 
D) causes massive die-off of fish and invertebrates. 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 18

How are the sulfur cycle and the phosphate cycle interconnected?

Accepted Answer

A) Phosphate is released from rock and soil by sulfuric acid. 
B) Phosphate is the nutrient source used by sulfur oxidizers. 
C) Sulfite is the nutrient used by phosphate reducers. 
D) Sulphate and phosphate react together to produce amino acids for protein production. 
A) Phosphate is released from rock and soil by sulfuric acid. 
B) Phosphate is the nutrient source used by sulfur oxidizers. 
C) Sulfite is the nutrient used by phosphate reducers. 
D) Sulphate and phosphate react together to produce amino acids for protein production.

Question 19

Which of the following is incorrect about photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) The light-dependent reactions require chlorophyll and light energy. 
B) In oxygenic photosynthesis,photolysis is the source of O2. 
C) The light-independent reactions produce ATP and NADPH. 
D) CO2 is required in the light-independent reactions. 
E) Photosynthetic pigments function to absorb light. 
A) The light-dependent reactions require chlorophyll and light energy. 
B) In oxygenic photosynthesis,photolysis is the source of O2. 
C) The light-independent reactions produce ATP and NADPH. 
D) CO2 is required in the light-independent reactions. 
E) Photosynthetic pigments function to absorb light.

Question 20

Vast numbers of microorganisms are being genetically characterized without culturing them in the laboratory today through

Accepted Answer

A) column chromatography. 
B) gas chromatography. 
C) metagenomic sampling. 
D) Western blot analysis. 
E) ELISA assay. 
A) column chromatography. 
B) gas chromatography. 
C) metagenomic sampling. 
D) Western blot analysis. 
E) ELISA assay.

Exam 24: Microbes and the Environment

A Paramecium is an example of a

You have been using massive amounts of weed killer and insecticide chemicals to knock out all of those pesky weeds in your yard,as well as the grubs and aphids that are munching on your roses and your grass.What effect might this have from a microbiological standpoint?

The advantage of nitrogen fixation to the host plant is:

Which microorganism is considered phytoplankton?

Select the statement that explains the usefulness of metagenomic analysis in research today.

The thin envelope of life that surrounds the earth's surface is called the

Both energy and nutrients cycle through an ecosystem.

The correct sequence of events involved in nitrogen cycling is:

The oxidation of ammonia (NH4+)to nitrate (NO3-)and nitrite (NO2-)is called

There are no viruses that infect the Archaea located in hypersaline habitats.

Which of the following is true of water-saturated soils?

The mutualistic partnership between plant roots and microbes is

A collection of organisms,together with their physical and chemical factors,are called a/an

The primary role of producers is the recycling of nutrients in an ecosystem.

A group of organisms of the same species within a community is called a

Carbon dioxide (CO2)is

Eutrophication

How are the sulfur cycle and the phosphate cycle interconnected?

Which of the following is incorrect about photosynthesis?

Vast numbers of microorganisms are being genetically characterized without culturing them in the laboratory today through

The Main Themes of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Biology

Tools of the Laboratory: Methods for the Culturing of Microscopic Analysis of Microorganisms

Prokaryotic Profiles: The Bacteria and Archaea

Eukaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

An Introduction to the Viruses

Microbial Nutrition, Ecology, and Growth

Microbial Metabolism: the Chemical Crossroads of Life

Microbial Genetics

Genetic Engineering and Recombinant Dna

Physical and Chemical Control of Microbes

Drugs, Microbes, host-The Elements of Chemotherapy

Microbe-Human Interactions: Infection and Disease

Host Defenses I: Overview and Nonspecific Defenses

Host Defenses II: Specific Immunity and Immunization

Disorders in Immunity

Diagnosing Infections

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Skin and Eyes

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Nervous System

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Respiratory System

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Gastrointestinal Tract

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Genitourinary System

Applied Microbiology and Food and Water Safety

Filters

The oxidation of ammonia (NH₄⁺)to nitrate (NO₃^-)and nitrite (NO₂^-)is called

Carbon dioxide (CO₂)is