Question 1

T-cell response to T-cell-dependent antigens requires

Accepted Answer

A) typically a protein antigen. 
B) binding of the T cell to a class II MHC receptor on a macrophage. 
C) binding of the T cell to a site on the antigen. 
D) interleukin-1 activating the T helper cell. 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) typically a protein antigen. 
B) binding of the T cell to a class II MHC receptor on a macrophage. 
C) binding of the T cell to a site on the antigen. 
D) interleukin-1 activating the T helper cell. 
E) All of the choices are correct. E

Question 2

The histocompatibility complex proteins function in

Accepted Answer

A) recognition of self. 
B) antibody proliferation. 
C) B-cell maturation. 
D) T-cell maturation. 
A) recognition of self. 
B) antibody proliferation. 
C) B-cell maturation. 
D) T-cell maturation. A

Question 3

An activated TH cell produces ___,which is a growth factor for T helper cells and cytotoxic T cells.

Accepted Answer

A) interleukin-1 
B) interleukin-2 
C) interleukin-12 
D) antiserum 
E) complement 
A) interleukin-1 
B) interleukin-2 
C) interleukin-12 
D) antiserum 
E) complement B

Question 4

MHC molecules are found on all of the following cells except

Accepted Answer

A) leukocytes. 
B) eosinophils. 
C) epithelial cells. 
D) red blood cells. 
E) islet of langerhans cells. 
A) leukocytes. 
B) eosinophils. 
C) epithelial cells. 
D) red blood cells. 
E) islet of langerhans cells.

Question 5

A cytotoxic T lymphocyte,having been activated against a particular viral antigen,"sees" this same antigen on a host body cell.What will happen?

Accepted Answer

A) The cytotoxic T cell will produce antibodies against the antigen. 
B) The antigen will move inside of the host body cell,thereby hiding from the cytotoxic T cell. 
C) The cytotoxic T cell will produce proteins that cause the host body cell to die. 
D) The cytotoxic body cell will activate B cells which then produce antibody against the antigen. 
A) The cytotoxic T cell will produce antibodies against the antigen. 
B) The antigen will move inside of the host body cell,thereby hiding from the cytotoxic T cell. 
C) The cytotoxic T cell will produce proteins that cause the host body cell to die. 
D) The cytotoxic body cell will activate B cells which then produce antibody against the antigen.

Question 6

The immunoglobulin class that is the only one capable of crossing the placenta is

Accepted Answer

A) IgA 
B) IgD 
C) IgE 
D) IgG 
E) IgM 
A) IgA 
B) IgD 
C) IgE 
D) IgG 
E) IgM

Question 7

Acquired specific immunity involves the response of

Accepted Answer

A) skin barriers. 
B) B and T lymphocytes. 
C) lysozyme. 
D) mucus membranes. 
E) interferon. 
A) skin barriers. 
B) B and T lymphocytes. 
C) lysozyme. 
D) mucus membranes. 
E) interferon.

Question 8

Acellular vaccines and subunit vaccines

Accepted Answer

A) contain modified bacterial exotoxin molecules. 
B) are always genetically engineered. 
C) contain select antigenic components of a pathogen rather than whole cells or viruses. 
D) confer passive immunity. 
E) utilize DNA strands that will produce the antigen. 
A) contain modified bacterial exotoxin molecules. 
B) are always genetically engineered. 
C) contain select antigenic components of a pathogen rather than whole cells or viruses. 
D) confer passive immunity. 
E) utilize DNA strands that will produce the antigen.

Question 9

An example of natural passive immunity would be

Accepted Answer

A) chickenpox infection,followed by lifelong immunity. 
B) chickenpox vaccine triggering extended immunity to chickenpox. 
C) giving a person immune serum globulins to chickenpox virus after exposure to the disease. 
D) a fetus acquiring maternal IgG to the chickenpox virus across the placenta. 
A) chickenpox infection,followed by lifelong immunity. 
B) chickenpox vaccine triggering extended immunity to chickenpox. 
C) giving a person immune serum globulins to chickenpox virus after exposure to the disease. 
D) a fetus acquiring maternal IgG to the chickenpox virus across the placenta.

Question 10

Helper T cells

Accepted Answer

A) secrete antibodies. 
B) function in allergic reactions. 
C) directly destroy target cells. 
D) suppress immune reactions. 
E) activate B cells and other T cells. 
A) secrete antibodies. 
B) function in allergic reactions. 
C) directly destroy target cells. 
D) suppress immune reactions. 
E) activate B cells and other T cells.

Question 11

As an adult who never developed chickenpox infection as a child,you elect to receive the protective vaccine against this pathogen at the age of 35.This vaccine will stimulate:

Accepted Answer

A) a primary immune response 
B) latency 
C) a secondary immune response 
D) an anamnestic response 
A) a primary immune response 
B) latency 
C) a secondary immune response 
D) an anamnestic response

Question 12

An example of natural active immunity would be

Accepted Answer

A) chickenpox infection,followed by lifelong immunity. 
B) chickenpox vaccine triggering extended immunity to chickenpox. 
C) giving a person immune serum globulins to chickenpox virus after exposure to the disease. 
D) a fetus acquiring maternal IgG to the chickenpox virus across the placenta. 
A) chickenpox infection,followed by lifelong immunity. 
B) chickenpox vaccine triggering extended immunity to chickenpox. 
C) giving a person immune serum globulins to chickenpox virus after exposure to the disease. 
D) a fetus acquiring maternal IgG to the chickenpox virus across the placenta.

Question 13

You have received the first hepatitis A vaccine.It was required for your mission trip to Nicaragua in Central America,where hepatitis A is common.However,you never went back for the booster shot of the vaccine,which should have been received within 6 months of the initial vaccination.What statement accurately reflects your present immunity to this pathogen?

Accepted Answer

A) This is not a problem because the second dosage is just extra protection.Your immune status would be very high. 
B) The one dosage is not enough because it only activated humoral immunity.The second dosage is to then activate cell-mediated immunity.The combination of the two immune responses gives you 100% coverage of immunity to hepatitis 
C) Not a problem because at any time--in a year,5 years,etc.--you can go get the booster vaccine for hepatitis A and be fully covered by immunity. 
D) You are at risk to get hepatitis A since your immune status is only partial.Not enough immune memory cells were produced since you received one dosage of vaccine,so you are likely to get the disease when exposed to the virus. 
A) This is not a problem because the second dosage is just extra protection.Your immune status would be very high. 
B) The one dosage is not enough because it only activated humoral immunity.The second dosage is to then activate cell-mediated immunity.The combination of the two immune responses gives you 100% coverage of immunity to hepatitis 
C) Not a problem because at any time--in a year,5 years,etc.--you can go get the booster vaccine for hepatitis A and be fully covered by immunity. 
D) You are at risk to get hepatitis A since your immune status is only partial.Not enough immune memory cells were produced since you received one dosage of vaccine,so you are likely to get the disease when exposed to the virus.

Question 14

A foreign molecule that causes a specific immune response is a/an

Accepted Answer

A) PAMP. 
B) marker. 
C) hapten. 
D) antibody. 
E) antigen. 
A) PAMP. 
B) marker. 
C) hapten. 
D) antibody. 
E) antigen.

Question 15

The immunoglobulin/s found on the surface of B cells is/are

Accepted Answer

A) IgM only. 
B) IgG only. 
C) IgD only. 
D) IgM and IgD. 
E) IgD and IgE. 
A) IgM only. 
B) IgG only. 
C) IgD only. 
D) IgM and IgD. 
E) IgD and IgE.

Question 16

Antitoxins

Accepted Answer

A) contain modified bacterial exotoxin molecules. 
B) are always genetically engineered. 
C) contain select antigenic components of a pathogen rather than whole cells or viruses. 
D) confer passive immunity. 
E) utilize DNA strands that will produce the antigen. 
A) contain modified bacterial exotoxin molecules. 
B) are always genetically engineered. 
C) contain select antigenic components of a pathogen rather than whole cells or viruses. 
D) confer passive immunity. 
E) utilize DNA strands that will produce the antigen.

Question 17

One plasma cell will secrete antibodies of various classes,but the antibodies will all have the same specificity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Fluzone is a brand name for a very commonly given influenza vaccine.The vaccine is prepared by first harvesting flu viruses in chicken embryos and then breaking apart virus particles into protein subunits,thereby inactivating the virus.Your friend refuses to get the vaccine.Which of these statements is the only valid reason for her not to get the flu vaccine?

Accepted Answer

A) She could catch the flu from the inactivated vaccine. 
B) She could pass the virus onto her baby,causing the child to become autistic. 
C) She could die from the vaccine. 
D) She is allergic to eggs. 
A) She could catch the flu from the inactivated vaccine. 
B) She could pass the virus onto her baby,causing the child to become autistic. 
C) She could die from the vaccine. 
D) She is allergic to eggs.

Question 19

Immunotherapy is the

Accepted Answer

A) use of antitoxins. 
B) use of immune serum globulin. 
C) conferring of passive immunity. 
D) administering of preformed antibodies. 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) use of antitoxins. 
B) use of immune serum globulin. 
C) conferring of passive immunity. 
D) administering of preformed antibodies. 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 20

Which immunoglobulin class/es can fix complement?

Accepted Answer

A) IgM only 
B) IgG only 
C) IgD only 
D) IgM and IgG 
E) IgE and IgA 
A) IgM only 
B) IgG only 
C) IgD only 
D) IgM and IgG 
E) IgE and IgA

Exam 15: Host Defenses II: Specific Immunity and Immunization

T-cell response to T-cell-dependent antigens requires

The histocompatibility complex proteins function in

An activated TH cell produces ___,which is a growth factor for T helper cells and cytotoxic T cells.

MHC molecules are found on all of the following cells except

A cytotoxic T lymphocyte,having been activated against a particular viral antigen,"sees" this same antigen on a host body cell.What will happen?

The immunoglobulin class that is the only one capable of crossing the placenta is

Acquired specific immunity involves the response of

Acellular vaccines and subunit vaccines

An example of natural passive immunity would be

Helper T cells

As an adult who never developed chickenpox infection as a child,you elect to receive the protective vaccine against this pathogen at the age of 35.This vaccine will stimulate:

An example of natural active immunity would be

A foreign molecule that causes a specific immune response is a/an

The immunoglobulin/s found on the surface of B cells is/are

Antitoxins

One plasma cell will secrete antibodies of various classes,but the antibodies will all have the same specificity.

Immunotherapy is the

Which immunoglobulin class/es can fix complement?

The Main Themes of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Biology

Tools of the Laboratory: Methods for the Culturing of Microscopic Analysis of Microorganisms

Prokaryotic Profiles: The Bacteria and Archaea

Eukaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

An Introduction to the Viruses

Microbial Nutrition, Ecology, and Growth

Microbial Metabolism: the Chemical Crossroads of Life

Microbial Genetics

Genetic Engineering and Recombinant Dna

Physical and Chemical Control of Microbes

Drugs, Microbes, host-The Elements of Chemotherapy

Microbe-Human Interactions: Infection and Disease

Host Defenses I: Overview and Nonspecific Defenses

Disorders in Immunity

Diagnosing Infections

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Skin and Eyes

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Nervous System

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Respiratory System

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Gastrointestinal Tract

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Genitourinary System

Microbes and the Environment

Applied Microbiology and Food and Water Safety

Filters

An activated T_H cell produces ___,which is a growth factor for T helper cells and cytotoxic T cells.