Question 1

Latency is a dormant state of an infectious agent.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

Your patient has a rash,a fever,and a very high white blood cell count.Blood specimens are taken,put into culture bottles,and sent down to the microbiology lab for incubation and analysis.Select the statement that best reflects why microbial analysis of blood is an important step in patient diagnosis:

Accepted Answer

A) Microbial growth in blood samples may indicate sepsis. 
B) A few bacterial cells in a blood sample are no big deal and should be ignored. 
C) Blood specimen are often obtain through poor aseptic technique by the healthcare worker: this is documentation of their failure to employ proper universal precautions. 
D) A lack of microbes in the blood means that the patient's health is critical. 
A) Microbial growth in blood samples may indicate sepsis. 
B) A few bacterial cells in a blood sample are no big deal and should be ignored. 
C) Blood specimen are often obtain through poor aseptic technique by the healthcare worker: this is documentation of their failure to employ proper universal precautions. 
D) A lack of microbes in the blood means that the patient's health is critical. A

Question 3

_____ are various bacterial enzymes that dissolve fibrin clots.

Accepted Answer

A) Coagulases 
B) Mucinases 
C) Keratinases 
D) Kinases 
E) Hyaluronidases 
A) Coagulases 
B) Mucinases 
C) Keratinases 
D) Kinases 
E) Hyaluronidases D

Question 4

Fomites,food,and air serve as indirect transmission routes of pathogens.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The prevalence rate of tuberculosis in one particular county in Texas is 7/1000 people,while the incidence rate for 2011 is 2/1000 people.Analyze this data and summarize the situation.

Accepted Answer

A) The data were collected incorrectly because the two values should match. 
B) Incidence rate should really be higher than prevalence rate because it includes all new cases for the year. 
C) Prevalence rate is higher than incidence rate because the number of people still alive with tuberculosis is higher because of better treatments. 
D) Prevalence rate and incidence rate cannot be determined for the same disease. 
A) The data were collected incorrectly because the two values should match. 
B) Incidence rate should really be higher than prevalence rate because it includes all new cases for the year. 
C) Prevalence rate is higher than incidence rate because the number of people still alive with tuberculosis is higher because of better treatments. 
D) Prevalence rate and incidence rate cannot be determined for the same disease.

Question 6

The intermediary object or individual from which the infectious agent is actually acquired is termed the

Accepted Answer

A) fomite. 
B) carrier. 
C) vector. 
D) reservoir. 
E) source. 
A) fomite. 
B) carrier. 
C) vector. 
D) reservoir. 
E) source.

Question 7

Endogenous infectious agents arise from microbes that are

Accepted Answer

A) in food. 
B) the patient's own normal biota. 
C) on fomites. 
D) in the air. 
E) transmitted from one person to another. 
A) in food. 
B) the patient's own normal biota. 
C) on fomites. 
D) in the air. 
E) transmitted from one person to another.

Question 8

You are studying a newly identified infectious disease within a population.Think of the typical graph of the course of infection--incubation period through to convalescent period.The new disease reveals a course of infection characterized by fluctuating symptoms,with intermittent periods of invasion (acute period)between prodromal periods.The whole course of infection occurs over a period of months or even years.Based upon the information presented,select the statement that most accurately reflects this new infectious disease:

Accepted Answer

A) This infectious disease exhibits latency. 
B) This is not an infectious disease at all. 
C) The host has immune problems and this is the typical course of a disease for that population. 
D) Viral infections always present with this type of disease course. 
A) This infectious disease exhibits latency. 
B) This is not an infectious disease at all. 
C) The host has immune problems and this is the typical course of a disease for that population. 
D) Viral infections always present with this type of disease course.

Question 9

Healthcare-associated infections are characterized by all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) are only transmitted by medical personnel. 
B) often involve the patient's urinary tract and surgical incisions. 
C) the patient's resident biota can be the infectious agent. 
D) Escherichia coli and staphylococci are common infectious agents. 
E) medical and surgical asepsis help lower their occurrence. 
A) are only transmitted by medical personnel. 
B) often involve the patient's urinary tract and surgical incisions. 
C) the patient's resident biota can be the infectious agent. 
D) Escherichia coli and staphylococci are common infectious agents. 
E) medical and surgical asepsis help lower their occurrence.

Question 10

A disease that has a steady frequency over time in a particular geographic location is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A) epidemic. 
B) endemic. 
C) pandemic. 
D) sporadic. 
E) chronic. 
A) epidemic. 
B) endemic. 
C) pandemic. 
D) sporadic. 
E) chronic.

Question 11

Someone who inconspicuously harbors a pathogen and spreads it to others is a

Accepted Answer

A) fomite. 
B) carrier. 
C) vector. 
D) reservoir. 
E) source. 
A) fomite. 
B) carrier. 
C) vector. 
D) reservoir. 
E) source.

Question 12

Based upon new information from the Human Microbiome Project,the human body typically begins to be colonized by its normal biota

Accepted Answer

A) before birth,in utero. 
B) during and immediately after birth. 
C) when a child first goes to school. 
D) when an infant gets its first infectious disease. 
E) during puberty. 
A) before birth,in utero. 
B) during and immediately after birth. 
C) when a child first goes to school. 
D) when an infant gets its first infectious disease. 
E) during puberty.

Question 13

The objective,measurable evidence of disease evaluated by an observer is termed a/an

Accepted Answer

A) syndrome. 
B) symptom. 
C) sign. 
D) pathology. 
E) inflammation. 
A) syndrome. 
B) symptom. 
C) sign. 
D) pathology. 
E) inflammation.

Question 14

A symptom is

Accepted Answer

A) an objective indication of disease. 
B) a subjective indication of disease. 
C) measurable by health care personnel. 
D) a temperature. 
A) an objective indication of disease. 
B) a subjective indication of disease. 
C) measurable by health care personnel. 
D) a temperature.

Question 15

Exotoxins are

Accepted Answer

A) proteins secreted by living bacterial cells. 
B) only released after a cell is damaged or lysed. 
C) antiphagocytic factors. 
D) secretions that always target nervous tissue. 
E) lipopolysaccharides. 
A) proteins secreted by living bacterial cells. 
B) only released after a cell is damaged or lysed. 
C) antiphagocytic factors. 
D) secretions that always target nervous tissue. 
E) lipopolysaccharides.

Question 16

Which of the following is a direct contact method of microbe transmission?

Accepted Answer

A) fomites 
B) water 
C) droplet nuclei 
D) aerosols 
E) droplets 
A) fomites 
B) water 
C) droplet nuclei 
D) aerosols 
E) droplets

Question 17

Resident biota are found in/on the

Accepted Answer

A) skin. 
B) mouth. 
C) nasal passages. 
D) large intestine. 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) skin. 
B) mouth. 
C) nasal passages. 
D) large intestine. 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 18

Animals that participate in the life cycles of pathogens and transmit pathogens from host to host are

Accepted Answer

A) fomites. 
B) aerosols. 
C) mechanical vectors. 
D) droplet nuclei. 
E) biological vectors. 
A) fomites. 
B) aerosols. 
C) mechanical vectors. 
D) droplet nuclei. 
E) biological vectors.

Question 19

Koch's postulates are easily satisfied for viral diseases.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which of the following is an example of sequelae?

Accepted Answer

A) headache from meningitis 
B) difficulty swallowing from streptococcal infection 
C) arthritis from Lyme disease 
D) diarrhea from Salmonella enteritidis infection 
A) headache from meningitis 
B) difficulty swallowing from streptococcal infection 
C) arthritis from Lyme disease 
D) diarrhea from Salmonella enteritidis infection

Exam 13: Microbe-Human Interactions: Infection and Disease

Latency is a dormant state of an infectious agent.

_____ are various bacterial enzymes that dissolve fibrin clots.

Fomites,food,and air serve as indirect transmission routes of pathogens.

The prevalence rate of tuberculosis in one particular county in Texas is 7/1000 people,while the incidence rate for 2011 is 2/1000 people.Analyze this data and summarize the situation.

The intermediary object or individual from which the infectious agent is actually acquired is termed the

Endogenous infectious agents arise from microbes that are

Healthcare-associated infections are characterized by all of the following except

A disease that has a steady frequency over time in a particular geographic location is referred to as

Someone who inconspicuously harbors a pathogen and spreads it to others is a

Based upon new information from the Human Microbiome Project,the human body typically begins to be colonized by its normal biota

The objective,measurable evidence of disease evaluated by an observer is termed a/an

A symptom is

Exotoxins are

Which of the following is a direct contact method of microbe transmission?

Resident biota are found in/on the

Animals that participate in the life cycles of pathogens and transmit pathogens from host to host are

Koch's postulates are easily satisfied for viral diseases.

Which of the following is an example of sequelae?

The Main Themes of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Biology

Tools of the Laboratory: Methods for the Culturing of Microscopic Analysis of Microorganisms

Prokaryotic Profiles: The Bacteria and Archaea

Eukaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

An Introduction to the Viruses

Microbial Nutrition, Ecology, and Growth

Microbial Metabolism: the Chemical Crossroads of Life

Microbial Genetics

Genetic Engineering and Recombinant Dna

Physical and Chemical Control of Microbes

Drugs, Microbes, host-The Elements of Chemotherapy

Host Defenses I: Overview and Nonspecific Defenses

Host Defenses II: Specific Immunity and Immunization

Disorders in Immunity

Diagnosing Infections

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Skin and Eyes

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Nervous System

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Respiratory System

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Gastrointestinal Tract

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Genitourinary System

Microbes and the Environment

Applied Microbiology and Food and Water Safety

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