Question 1

A chronic,local allergy such as hay fever is considered

Accepted Answer

A) delayed. 
B) T-cell-mediated. 
C) atopic. 
D) antibody-mediated. 
E) systemic anaphylactic. 
A) delayed. 
B) T-cell-mediated. 
C) atopic. 
D) antibody-mediated. 
E) systemic anaphylactic. C

Question 2

The allergen in poison ivy plants is an oil called urushiol.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

A second encounter with an allergen that causes a response is called the _____ dose.

Accepted Answer

A) sensitizing 
B) provocative 
C) allergic 
D) hypersensitivity 
E) desensitizing 
A) sensitizing 
B) provocative 
C) allergic 
D) hypersensitivity 
E) desensitizing B

Question 4

Which of the following is not a theory to explain the origin of autoimmune diseases?

Accepted Answer

A) sequestered antigen theory 
B) forbidden clone theory 
C) molecular mimicry theory 
D) theory of bystander effect 
E) All the choices are currently being investigated as possible explanations. 
A) sequestered antigen theory 
B) forbidden clone theory 
C) molecular mimicry theory 
D) theory of bystander effect 
E) All the choices are currently being investigated as possible explanations.

Question 5

In the theory for allergic desensitization,which immunoglobulin blocks the allergen from binding with IgE?

Accepted Answer

A) IgE 
B) IgG 
C) IgA 
D) IgD 
E) IgM 
A) IgE 
B) IgG 
C) IgA 
D) IgD 
E) IgM

Question 6

An example of a secondary acquired immunodeficiency is

Accepted Answer

A) AIDS. 
B) adenosine deaminase (AD
A) deficiency. 
C) DiGeorge syndrome. 
D) agammaglobulinemia. 
E) SCID. 
A) AIDS. 
B) adenosine deaminase (AD
A) deficiency. 
C) DiGeorge syndrome. 
D) agammaglobulinemia. 
E) SCID.

Question 7

John,a Peace Corps worker in the country of Mali in Africa,was in a car accident while traveling through a rural area.He was treated at a tiny rural hospital,and due to his loss of blood required a transfusion.John is B- blood type and has never received a transfusion before.Which statement is correct regarding this scenario?

Accepted Answer

A) He can safely receive O- blood even though he makes anti-A antibodies. 
B) He can be give types O or B,no matter whether Rh- or Rh+.At this point in time,he does not have anti-Rh antibody.O has no antigens on the blood cells,so he is also safe to receive that type in addition to his own B type. 
C) He can be given A+ blood type,in addition to B+.Rh- means that he makes no antibody to Rh. 
D) The preferred blood type to give John,in addition to his own B type blood,would be AB.Both types of blood have the B antigen on the cells,so they would correspond to his own antigens.As for Rh,he can receive only Rh- blood since he would have a reaction against Rh+. 
A) He can safely receive O- blood even though he makes anti-A antibodies. 
B) He can be give types O or B,no matter whether Rh- or Rh+.At this point in time,he does not have anti-Rh antibody.O has no antigens on the blood cells,so he is also safe to receive that type in addition to his own B type. 
C) He can be given A+ blood type,in addition to B+.Rh- means that he makes no antibody to Rh. 
D) The preferred blood type to give John,in addition to his own B type blood,would be AB.Both types of blood have the B antigen on the cells,so they would correspond to his own antigens.As for Rh,he can receive only Rh- blood since he would have a reaction against Rh+.

Question 8

Epinephrine

Accepted Answer

A) is an antihistamine. 
B) reverses constriction of airways. 
C) causes desensitization. 
D) inhibits the activity of lymphocytes. 
A) is an antihistamine. 
B) reverses constriction of airways. 
C) causes desensitization. 
D) inhibits the activity of lymphocytes.

Question 9

Allergic reactions to penicillins are considered a/n _____ hypersensitivity.

Accepted Answer

A) T-cell-mediated 
B) antibody-mediated 
C) immune complex-mediated 
D) immediate 
E) Both T-cell-mediated and antibody-mediated are correct. 
A) T-cell-mediated 
B) antibody-mediated 
C) immune complex-mediated 
D) immediate 
E) Both T-cell-mediated and antibody-mediated are correct.

Question 10

Allergic patients receiving small,controlled injections of specific allergens are undergoing

Accepted Answer

A) desensitization. 
B) sensitization. 
C) tissue matching. 
D) degranulation. 
A) desensitization. 
B) sensitization. 
C) tissue matching. 
D) degranulation.

Question 11

Which event is the process of releasing chemical mediators?

Accepted Answer

A) degranulation 
B) bonding of allergen to adjacent IgE binding sites on mast cells and basophils 
C) binding of IgE by the Fc region to mast cells and basophils 
D) histamine acts on smooth muscle 
E) prostaglandins cause vasodilation and increased vascular permeability 
A) degranulation 
B) bonding of allergen to adjacent IgE binding sites on mast cells and basophils 
C) binding of IgE by the Fc region to mast cells and basophils 
D) histamine acts on smooth muscle 
E) prostaglandins cause vasodilation and increased vascular permeability

Question 12

The potential for hemolytic disease of the newborn occurs when

Accepted Answer

A) maternal Rh+ cells enter an Rh- fetus. 
B) fetal Rh+ cells enter an Rh- mother. 
C) maternal Rh- cells enter an Rh+ fetus. 
D) fetal Rh- cells enter an Rh+ mother. 
E) fetal Rh+ cells enter an Rh+ mother. 
A) maternal Rh+ cells enter an Rh- fetus. 
B) fetal Rh+ cells enter an Rh- mother. 
C) maternal Rh- cells enter an Rh+ fetus. 
D) fetal Rh- cells enter an Rh+ mother. 
E) fetal Rh+ cells enter an Rh+ mother.

Question 13

Tissue transplanted from one body site on a patient to a different body site on that patient is called a/an

Accepted Answer

A) isograft. 
B) autograft. 
C) allograft. 
D) xenograft. 
E) hypograft. 
A) isograft. 
B) autograft. 
C) allograft. 
D) xenograft. 
E) hypograft.

Question 14

All of the following can result in acquired immune deficiency except

Accepted Answer

A) malnutrition. 
B) stress. 
C) pregnancy. 
D) bacterial infection. 
E) radiation treatment. 
A) malnutrition. 
B) stress. 
C) pregnancy. 
D) bacterial infection. 
E) radiation treatment.

Question 15

DiGeorge syndrome is the result of

Accepted Answer

A) autoantibodies. 
B) delayed hypersensitivity. 
C) congenital absence or immaturity of the thymus gland. 
D) failure of B-cell development and maturity. 
E) a genetic defect in the development of both T cells and B cells. 
A) autoantibodies. 
B) delayed hypersensitivity. 
C) congenital absence or immaturity of the thymus gland. 
D) failure of B-cell development and maturity. 
E) a genetic defect in the development of both T cells and B cells.

Question 16

Severe combined immunodeficiencies (SCIDs)are due to

Accepted Answer

A) autoantibodies. 
B) delayed hypersensitivity. 
C) congenital absence or immaturity of the thymus gland. 
D) failure of B-cell development and maturity. 
E) a genetic defect in the development of both T cells and B cells. 
A) autoantibodies. 
B) delayed hypersensitivity. 
C) congenital absence or immaturity of the thymus gland. 
D) failure of B-cell development and maturity. 
E) a genetic defect in the development of both T cells and B cells.

Question 17

Contact dermatitis involves

Accepted Answer

A) a sensitizing and provocative dose. 
B) an allergen entering the skin. 
C) T lymphocytes secreting inflammatory cytokines. 
D) the production of itchy papules and blisters. 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) a sensitizing and provocative dose. 
B) an allergen entering the skin. 
C) T lymphocytes secreting inflammatory cytokines. 
D) the production of itchy papules and blisters. 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 18

Any heightened immune response resulting in tissue damage is called a/an

Accepted Answer

A) autoimmune disease. 
B) immunodeficiency. 
C) hypersensitivity. 
D) transfusion reaction. 
E) desensitization. 
A) autoimmune disease. 
B) immunodeficiency. 
C) hypersensitivity. 
D) transfusion reaction. 
E) desensitization.

Question 19

An antihistamine will

Accepted Answer

A) inhibit the activity of lymphocytes. 
B) bind to histamine receptors on target organs. 
C) block synthesis of leukotrienes. 
D) relieve inflammatory symptoms. 
E) reverse spasms of respiratory smooth muscles. 
A) inhibit the activity of lymphocytes. 
B) bind to histamine receptors on target organs. 
C) block synthesis of leukotrienes. 
D) relieve inflammatory symptoms. 
E) reverse spasms of respiratory smooth muscles.

Question 20

Place these events in the pathogenesis of contact dermatitis in order,with 1 being the first step.
- chemical absorbed through skin
- antigen identified by dendritic cell
- cytokine chemicals attract macrophages,dendritic cells,and cytotoxic T lymphocytes to site of antigen
- sensitized T lymphocytes recognize antigen and make cytokine chemicals
-chemicals released from phagocytic cells and cytotoxic T cells,resulting in host tissue damage

Accepted Answer

1 chemical absorbed through skin
2 antig

Exam 16: Disorders in Immunity

A chronic,local allergy such as hay fever is considered

The allergen in poison ivy plants is an oil called urushiol.

A second encounter with an allergen that causes a response is called the _____ dose.

Which of the following is not a theory to explain the origin of autoimmune diseases?

In the theory for allergic desensitization,which immunoglobulin blocks the allergen from binding with IgE?

An example of a secondary acquired immunodeficiency is

Epinephrine

Allergic reactions to penicillins are considered a/n _____ hypersensitivity.

Allergic patients receiving small,controlled injections of specific allergens are undergoing

Which event is the process of releasing chemical mediators?

The potential for hemolytic disease of the newborn occurs when

Tissue transplanted from one body site on a patient to a different body site on that patient is called a/an

All of the following can result in acquired immune deficiency except

DiGeorge syndrome is the result of

Severe combined immunodeficiencies (SCIDs)are due to

Contact dermatitis involves

Any heightened immune response resulting in tissue damage is called a/an

An antihistamine will

The Main Themes of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Biology

Tools of the Laboratory: Methods for the Culturing of Microscopic Analysis of Microorganisms

Prokaryotic Profiles: The Bacteria and Archaea

Eukaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

An Introduction to the Viruses

Microbial Nutrition, Ecology, and Growth

Microbial Metabolism: the Chemical Crossroads of Life

Microbial Genetics

Genetic Engineering and Recombinant Dna

Physical and Chemical Control of Microbes

Drugs, Microbes, host-The Elements of Chemotherapy

Microbe-Human Interactions: Infection and Disease

Host Defenses I: Overview and Nonspecific Defenses

Host Defenses II: Specific Immunity and Immunization

Diagnosing Infections

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Skin and Eyes

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Nervous System

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Respiratory System

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Gastrointestinal Tract

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Genitourinary System

Microbes and the Environment

Applied Microbiology and Food and Water Safety

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