Exam 1: Scientific Understanding of Behavior

The distinction between basic research and applied research is that basic research:

A major area of applied research that assesses the social reforms and innovations that occur in government,industry,and mental health settings is called _____.

You have just read an article in a popular magazine that stated,"People who jog live longer than people who don't jog." As a scientist,you would probably:

An empirical approach to science requires that:

Identify the first thing to be asked to a person who claims to be a scientist before accepting what he or she has to say.

Kenneth knows that when Jeremy drinks alcohol,he becomes very talkative.This identification of a cause of behavior exemplifies:

According to Goodstein,which characteristic of scientific enquiry states that for scientists,knowledge is primarily based on observations and that scientists enthusiastically search for observations that will verify or reject their ideas about the world.

In order to conclude that watching television violence gives rise to aggressive behavior in children,researchers need to show that children who watch television violence behave aggressively and that children who do not watch television violence do not behave aggressively.This is called elimination of _____.

Isaac has decided to purchase several copies of a new children's book because he has a feeling that the availability of this book will be scarce in the future.Which of the following best explains Isaac's behavior?

The statement,"The average IQ score of children in the Central School District is 108" helps _____ behavior.

When Dr.Smith attempts to determine the reasons for female defendants being rated more leniently than male defendants,he is attempting to _____ behavior.

In determining the cause of behavior,which principle considers the order when two events occur together?

The statement,"High school seniors with higher SAT scores will have higher GPAs in college" is an example of _____ behavior.

Which of the following journal-article titles is an example of basic research?

Professor Gordon finds that students who read newspapers daily display more knowledge of current events than students who do not read newspapers daily.What type of evidence does this identification of a cause of behavior exemplify?

Good scientific ideas are testable.They can be supported or they can be disproved by data,which is called _____.

_____ is the process by which scientists with expertise in a particular field assess a study before it is published in a top-quality scientific journal.

A researcher finds that people who own more than two cars have bigger homes,more garage space,and make more money than people who own only one or two cars.Therefore,the researcher concludes that having more than two cars causes people to have homes with bigger garages.According to Cook and Campbell's types of evidence,the researcher failed to eliminate:

Sharon wishes to identify the food items that are purchased most frequently in the student cafeteria,and,for the purpose,she observes the students' purchasing patterns.This scenario exemplifies the goal of science to:

When a person accepts unquestioningly what his or her own personal judgment tells about the world,he or she is relying on _____.