Question 1

Rocks with a high water content have a

Accepted Answer

A) higher melting point. 
B) lower melting point. 
C) higher pressure. 
D) lower pressure. 
A) higher melting point. 
B) lower melting point. 
C) higher pressure. 
D) lower pressure. B

Question 2

Relate silica content to crystallization from a magma.

Accepted Answer

First of all crystallization allows a single magma to generate several different igneous rocks.Minerals with high melting points,have a low silica content,so will crystallize first,followed by minerals with lower melting points (those containing larger amounts of silica).As crystallization proceeds,the composition of the liquid in which the crystals form changes.It becomes depleted in the constituents of minerals that have already crystallized and enriched in the constituents of minerals yet to crystallize,which acts to increase the silica content of the remaining liquid.

Question 3

As rock is weathered it breaks down and erodes.Sedimentation begins where erosion stops.Erosion is

Accepted Answer

A) disintegration and fragmentation of rock into smaller pieces. 
B) a chemical process. 
C) decomposition and alteration of rock material. 
D) transportation of rock particles via water wind or ice. 
A) disintegration and fragmentation of rock into smaller pieces. 
B) a chemical process. 
C) decomposition and alteration of rock material. 
D) transportation of rock particles via water wind or ice. D

Question 4

Rocks are grouped into three classes depending on how the rock was

Accepted Answer

A) formed. 
B) located. 
C) discovered. 
D) shaped. 
A) formed. 
B) located. 
C) discovered. 
D) shaped.

Question 5

Similar to the crystallization of silicate minerals,the crystallization of evaporite minerals occurs in a step-by-step process.The evaporite minerals that are the most difficult to dissolve

Accepted Answer

A) precipitate last. 
B) precipitate first followed by the minerals that dissolve more easily. 
C) have the lowest solubility and are the last to precipitate. 
D) have the highest solubility and are the first to precipitate. 
A) precipitate last. 
B) precipitate first followed by the minerals that dissolve more easily. 
C) have the lowest solubility and are the last to precipitate. 
D) have the highest solubility and are the first to precipitate.

Question 6

The precipitation of and crystallization of evaporite minerals is very similar to the crystallization of minerals from a magma.The first evaporite minerals to precipitate (crystallize)are those with the

Accepted Answer

A) lowest solubility. 
B) highest melting point. 
C) lowest silica content. 
D) highest solubility. 
A) lowest solubility. 
B) highest melting point. 
C) lowest silica content. 
D) highest solubility.

Question 7

Silica has a relatively

Accepted Answer

A) low percentage of silicon. 
B) high percentage of silicon. 
A) low percentage of silicon. 
B) high percentage of silicon.

Question 8

As rock is heated,the first minerals to melt are those

Accepted Answer

A) with the highest melting point. 
B) with the lowest melting point. 
C) composed of granitic magma. 
D) that have undergone partial distillation. 
A) with the highest melting point. 
B) with the lowest melting point. 
C) composed of granitic magma. 
D) that have undergone partial distillation.

Question 9

Limestone may be metamorphosed into

Accepted Answer

A) schist. 
B) marble. 
C) quartzite. 
D) gneiss. 
A) schist. 
B) marble. 
C) quartzite. 
D) gneiss.

Question 10

Igneous rock is formed from

Accepted Answer

A) crystallization of molten magma. 
B) high temperatures and pressures. 
C) solidified lava beneath the Earth's surface. 
D) any of these 
A) crystallization of molten magma. 
B) high temperatures and pressures. 
C) solidified lava beneath the Earth's surface. 
D) any of these

Question 11

Based on its abundance in Earth's crust,most rocks contain a mineral composed of the elements oxygen and

Accepted Answer

A) carbon. 
B) silicon. 
C) iron. 
D) sulfur. 
A) carbon. 
B) silicon. 
C) iron. 
D) sulfur.

Question 12

The protective shells that many sea organisms grow are not minerals because they

Accepted Answer

A) are not calcium carbonate. 
B) are organic. 
C) are made of ooze. 
D) become compacted. 
A) are not calcium carbonate. 
B) are organic. 
C) are made of ooze. 
D) become compacted.

Question 13

The type of fossilization that occurs when the remains of an organism are replaced by mineral matter is called

Accepted Answer

A) carbonization. 
B) replacement. 
C) an impression. 
D) a cast. 
A) carbonization. 
B) replacement. 
C) an impression. 
D) a cast.

Question 14

Mica is not found in

Accepted Answer

A) slate. 
B) schist. 
C) gneiss. 
D) quartzite. 
A) slate. 
B) schist. 
C) gneiss. 
D) quartzite.

Question 15

Minerals are formed by the process of

Accepted Answer

A) crystallization. 
B) magma differentiation. 
C) silica enrichment. 
D) partial melting. 
A) crystallization. 
B) magma differentiation. 
C) silica enrichment. 
D) partial melting.

Question 16

The majority of surface rocks are

Accepted Answer

A) extrusive. 
B) sedimentary. 
C) intrusive. 
D) metamorphic. 
A) extrusive. 
B) sedimentary. 
C) intrusive. 
D) metamorphic.

Question 17

The most common mineral in Earth's crust is ________,and the second most common mineral is ________.

Accepted Answer

A) quartz; feldspar 
B) feldspar; quartz 
C) silicate; carbonate 
D) olivine; feldspar 
A) quartz; feldspar 
B) feldspar; quartz 
C) silicate; carbonate 
D) olivine; feldspar

Question 18

The largest volumes of magma extruded on the continents are

Accepted Answer

A) flood and plateau basalts. 
B) central-vent type volcanoes. 
C) batholiths. 
D) from volcanoes with a high silica content. 
A) flood and plateau basalts. 
B) central-vent type volcanoes. 
C) batholiths. 
D) from volcanoes with a high silica content.

Question 19

If the rock particles in a sedimentary rock are relatively small with well sorted and well rounded grains,we can infer that the sediment grains traveled a

Accepted Answer

A) short distance. 
B) long distance for a long time. 
C) long distance in a short time. 
D) short distance for a long time. 
A) short distance. 
B) long distance for a long time. 
C) long distance in a short time. 
D) short distance for a long time.

Question 20

In a cooling magma,which minerals are the first to crystallize?

Accepted Answer

Minerals with high m

Exam 20: Rocks and Minerals

Rocks with a high water content have a

Relate silica content to crystallization from a magma.

As rock is weathered it breaks down and erodes.Sedimentation begins where erosion stops.Erosion is

Rocks are grouped into three classes depending on how the rock was

Similar to the crystallization of silicate minerals,the crystallization of evaporite minerals occurs in a step-by-step process.The evaporite minerals that are the most difficult to dissolve

The precipitation of and crystallization of evaporite minerals is very similar to the crystallization of minerals from a magma.The first evaporite minerals to precipitate (crystallize)are those with the

Silica has a relatively

As rock is heated,the first minerals to melt are those

Limestone may be metamorphosed into

Igneous rock is formed from

Based on its abundance in Earth's crust,most rocks contain a mineral composed of the elements oxygen and

The protective shells that many sea organisms grow are not minerals because they

The type of fossilization that occurs when the remains of an organism are replaced by mineral matter is called

Mica is not found in

Minerals are formed by the process of

The majority of surface rocks are

The most common mineral in Earth's crust is ________,and the second most common mineral is ________.

The largest volumes of magma extruded on the continents are

If the rock particles in a sedimentary rock are relatively small with well sorted and well rounded grains,we can infer that the sediment grains traveled a

In a cooling magma,which minerals are the first to crystallize?

Patterns of Motion and Equilibrium

Newtons Laws of Motion

Momentum and Energy

Gravity, Projectiles, and Satellites

Fluid Mechanics

Thermal Energy and Thermodynamics

Heat Transfer and Change of Phase

Static and Current Electricity

Magnetism and Electromagnetic Induction

Waves and Sound

Light

Atoms and the Periodic Table

The Atomic Nucleus and Radioactivity

Elements of Chemistry

How Atoms Bond and Molecules Attract

Mixtures

How Chemicals React

Two Classes of Chemical Reactions

Organic Compounds

Plate Tectonics and Earths Interior

Shaping Earths Surface

Geologic Time - Reading the Rock Record

The Oceans, Atmosphere, and Climatic Effects

Driving Forces of Weather

The Solar System

Stars and Galaxies

The Structure of Space and Time

Prologue: The Nature of Science

Filters

The most common mineral in Earth's crust is ,and the second most common mineral is .