Exam 5: Motivation: Background and Theories

Applying the terms of the expectancy theory of motivation,instrumentality refers to a person's perception of how first-level outcomes are associated with second-level outcomes.

Jeff senses an inequity and has decided to ask his boss for more time off.He is trying to ____________________.

Using McClelland's prescriptions,a manager trying to develop a positive high need for achievement would be encouraged to: _______________.

Needs may be physiological,psychological or sociological.

Process theories of motivation focus on the factors within the person that energize,direct,sustain,and stop behavior.

The essence of _______________ is that employees compare their efforts and rewards with those of others in similar work situations.

Within the context of the expectancy theory of motivation,an individual's perception that first-level outcomes are associated with second-level outcomes is termed _______________.

Alderfer's ERG theory of motivation presents that there are _______________.

A student received a paper back from a instructor with no notations other than "F." He complained.The instructor told him to stop complaining and walked away.Use the dimensions of organizational justice to describe this situation.

The frustration-regression process is associated with the _______________ theory of motivation.

The process theories of motivation describe how employees are motivated or how they select behaviors to meet their needs and determine whether they made the most successful choice.

Within the equity theory,the "comparison other" may be any individual(s)or group used by "Person" as a referent regarding the ratio of inputs and outcomes.

Maslow's theory assumes _______________.

The equity theory of motivation focuses exclusively on individuals' perceptions of how fairly they are paid compared with others.

The Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)is _______________.

The Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)is a projective test that was used to establish the viability of Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory.

John perceives that he works harder than but gets paid less than his coworkers.According to equity theory,John will most likely quit his job.

Maslow states that there is a frustration-regression process at work that plays a major role in motivating people.

Process explanations of motivation suggest that motivation varies from situation to situation.

Equity theory proposes that when inequity exists,a person may be motivated to restore equity by all of the following except _______________.