Exam 30: Homeostasis: Osmotic Regulation, Excretion, and Temperature Regulation

In a cold environment,many species of birds and mammals maintain homeothermy by decreasing conductance and

Compare excretory structures of single-celled organisms with those of marine invertebrates and terrestrial vertebrates.

Some animals enter a state of summer dormancy,or __________,when food is scarce or there is a potential for dehydration.

Why should stored fat become an important source of metabolic water in diving mammals? Would glucose be a better solution because it can be "burned" almost immediately?

The term "homeostasis" was coined by the American physiologist ______ ______.

Sharks solve their water balance problems because their blood carries large amounts of trimethylamine oxide and ____________.

Freshwater animals

The secretion of aldosterone is regulated by the enzyme renin,which is produced by the

What is so "adaptive" about adaptive hypothermia in birds and animals? Why not just become ectothermic?

What is the difference between an osmotic regulator and a hyperosmotic regulator?

In the metanephridium,the tubule is open at both ends and fluids are swept in through a funnel-like _____________.

Based on what you know,is it likely that the larger dinosaurs were ectotherms or endotherms? Think of their entire lifestyle and how that might reflect their thermoregulatory strategies.

The marine invertebrates,that have surfaces permeable to salts and water so that they are always in osmotic equilibrium with the seawater environment,are called

You notice that some flour beetles have been living in a kitchen canister of "dry" flour for a year.As animals,beetles must have water for internal cellular metabolism,hemolymph,etc.How are they probably getting their water?

Compare and contrast the arthropod Malpighian tubules with a human kidney.Be sure to outline the function of the Malpighian tubule and the vertebrate kidney in some detail.

Animals incapable of regulating their body fluid osmotic pressure are referred to as _____ ______.

What is the name of the tube that transports urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder?

Why does temperature have such a profound effect on biochemical reactions,and subsequently all of metabolism?

After drinking tea,reabsorption of fluids in the tubules drops from 99% to 98%.This would

Hummingbirds may reduce the energetic cost of homeothermy by allowing their body temperature to drop at night,an adaptation called ____________.