Chat with AIExam 5: Decision Making, Learning, Creativity, and Entrepreneurship
Which step of the decision-making process requires managers to be sure all the information available is brought to bear on the problem or issue at hand while ranking the alternatives?
(38) 
VerifiedC
When managers cannot assign probabilities of future occurrence to possible alternatives with a decision, this is known as ________.
(44) VerifiedD
Peter Senge has identified five principles that can be used by an organization to create "a learning organization." Discuss any three of these principles.
(38) VerifiedPeter Senge identified five principles for creating a learning organization: personal mastery, complex mental models, team learning, building a shared vision, and systems thinking.
Students can give any three of the following principles.
• For organizational learning to occur, top managers must allow every person in the organization to develop a sense of personal mastery. Managers must empower employees and allow them to experiment and create and explore what they want.
• As part of attaining personal mastery, organizations need to encourage employees to develop and use complex mental models that are sophisticated ways of thinking that challenge them to find new or better ways of performing a task to deepen their understanding of what is involved in a particular activity.
• Managers must do everything they can to promote group creativity. Team learning (learning that takes place in a group or team) is more important than individual learning in increasing organizational learning.
• Managers must emphasize the importance of building a shared vision: a common mental model that all organizational members use to frame problems or opportunities.
• Managers must encourage systems thinking-the effects of one level of learning on another.
Stephen, a production manager, was engaged in the development of a core component of a machine. He realized that the component would not be ready for QC testing as per the fixed deadline and suggested allotting two more weeks for its complete development or sending only a part of it for testing in the first cycle. Which decision-making step does this represent?
(41) Delphi technique is a written approach to creative problem solving.
(35) Entrepreneurs are likely to be high on the personality trait of openness to experience.
(26) Brayden belongs to a group of intrapreneurs who are intensely involved in the development of a new product, devoting all their attention to its development with secret functioning and speculation about its goals. Which of the following identifies the group that Brayden belongs to?
(39) Jack, a manager, allows Adam, his subordinate, to proceed on a work project even though Jack does not agree with how Adam wants to do the work. Jack is attempting to promote _________ to create a learning organization.
(38) Which of the following explains the reasons for the inherently uncertain and risky nature of decision making and the making of satisfactory rather than optimum decisions by the managers?
(27) The final step in the decision-making process is the implementation of the alternative solution.
(38) A group of intrapreneurs who are separated from the normal operation of an organization in order to develop new products with a relatively brief development time is known as a(n) ________.
(35) Compare and contrast programmed and nonprogrammed decision-making in organizations.
(31) When fire chiefs manage firefighters battling hazardous, out-of-control fires, they frequently have to depend on their professional instincts to make on-the-spot decisions that will protect the lives of the firefighters and save the lives of others, control the fires, and preserve decisions made in emergency situations involving high ambiguity and rapidly changing conditions. This is an example of which of the following types of decision making?
(36) To create a learning organization, managers must empower employees and allow them to experiment, create, and explore what they want through developing a sense of ________.
(37) Explain the different ways by which organizations can promote intrapreneurship.
(38) The explosion of the space shuttle Challenger is an example of poor managerial decision making by the managers at NASA and Morton Thiokol, who considered and then downplayed the criterion of ______.
(31) Dynamic Explosives is trying to decide whether or not to launch a new product nationally. This represents a(n) ________________ decision.
(34) 
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