Exam 15: Cognitive Development in Adolescence

What are the sociocultural influences that affect an adolescent's career development? D.C.,area revealed that peer support and English language acculturation were the most important factors in career decision-making self-efficacy (Patel,Salahuddin,& O'Brien,2008). School is the primary setting where individuals first encounter the world of work.School provides an atmosphere for continuing self-development in relation to achievement and work.And school is the only institution in society that is presently capable of providing the delivery systems necessary for career education-instruction,guidance,placement,and community connections. The channels of upward mobility open to lower-SES youth are largely educational in nature.The school hierarchy from grade school through high school,as well as through college and graduate school,is programmed to orient individuals toward some type of career.In today's workplace college is a prerequisite for entering a higher-status occupation.Individuals have a wide range of career choices from which they can select and pursue.However,youth in low-income circumstances may have more limited career choices.Barriers such as low-quality schools,violence,and lack of access to jobs can restrict low-income inner-city youths' access to desirable careers (Foskett,Dyke,& Maringe,2008).

Which of the following is an example of the imaginary audience phenomenon?

Cognitive moral education differs from values clarification in that cognitive moral education

Moving from the oldest student in middle school to the youngest in high school is known as the

Briefly describe the role of exploration,decision making,and planning in adolescents' career choices.

The formal operational period is characterized by

Hidden curriculum differs from values clarification in that hidden curriculum

Which of the following is an example of personal fable?

Khloe has not been getting along with her best friend.She writes down all the difficulties they have been having and tries to generate possible reasons for them.She then considers what she can do to deal with the problems,weighing the pros and cons of each possibility.Khloe is using which of the following to solve her problem?

Cognitive moral education is a concept based on the belief that

In the _____,the moral atmosphere is created by school and classroom rules,the moral orientation of teachers and school administrators,and text materials.

Gladys demonstrated high levels of inhibitory control early in her development.We can predict that she will

The _____ approach to moral education encompasses reflective moral thinking and commitment to justice advocated in Kohlberg's approach along with an emphasis on developing a particular moral character as advocated in the character education approach.

"What if the sun were to explode?" asked Arlene."But it never has," replied Karlevin."But what if it did?" insisted Arlene.'"But it never has! You worry too much about all those what-ifs," said Karl.In this example,Arlene is exhibiting _____ thought,while Karl is showing _____ thought.

Studies that investigated the influence of religion among adolescents found a positive correlation between spiritual/religiosity and

Researchers have found that participation in extracurricular activities is linked to

What is hidden curriculum?

______ invulnerability,involves the adolescent's sense of indestructibility and a tendency to take on physical risks.

In the _____ approach,every school is expected to have an explicit moral code that is clearly communicated to students.Any violations of the code will be met with sanctions.

_____ is a form of education that promotes social responsibility and helping others in the community.