Exam 4: Observation

Which one of the following statements does not characterize scientific observation?

Two types of archival records are

The first step in the analysis of narrative records often consists of identifying units of behavior according to specific criteria.This process is called

Researchers were doing a long-term study of children's relationships with their parent in the homes of the families.Before beginning to collect data,the observers visited each home a few times and set up their recording equipment and recorded behavior just as they would do in the data collection phase of their study.These early visits to the home were done to reduce reactivity.Which of the following techniques did these researchers use?

Which of the following would be an example of coding a narrative record during the process of data reduction in qualitative data analysis?

Of the following observational methods,which one does not use intervention by the researcher?

In using time sampling to gain a representative sample of behavior,the intervals in which the observations are to be made should be selected

Describe the two main methods for indirect (unobtrusive)observation and the important advantage these methods have over direct observation.

Which of the following correlations represents the greatest predictive relationship between two variables?

Which of the following is the most likely reason that a researcher studying aggressiveness of children would choose to use naturalistic observation?

In order to conduct a structured observation or a field experiment,researchers make use of ________ to create the observation situation.

Students conducted a research project in which they hypothesized that women,more than men,would stop studying and look at each person who enters a library study room.Results indicated that women did make more head movements than men when people entered the library.To be confident about these results,we would want to make sure their results are not affect by

A researcher interested in "inattentional blindness" has a confederate walk across a stage holding a large sign during the first class of an introductory psychology course.At the end of the class,assistants ask departing students if they know what they sign said.This is an example of

Identify one factor that decreases interobserver reliability and one factor that increases interobserver reliability.

When events are classified into mutually exclusive categories on a nominal scale (e.g. ,brown-eyed or blue-eyed),the most common descriptive measure is

Students conducted a naturalistic observation to study whether people arriving at the library alone would be more likely to hold the door open for a person coming in immediately after them than would people who arrived in pairs.The students made their observations looking through the window of a classroom building across from the library.They chose this observation sight to avoid the potential problem of

Researchers conducted a study on invasion of personal space.A confederate of the researcher sat on a public bench and either stared at a person walking by or read a newspaper while a person walked by the bench.An observer recorded whether the person walking looked away from where the confederate was sitting.What type of observational study does this study represent?

To avoid observer bias researchers may not tell the observers why observations are being made or the goals of the study.In this situation the observers are said to be

Although there is no hard-and-fast percentage of agreement that defines low interobserver reliability,the literature of observation studies reveals that researchers generally report interobserver reliabilities that are at least as high as

When observers are asked to use a rating scale to measure a psychological dimension such as aggressiveness or anxiety,the researchers must decide whether these ratings represent a(n)