Question 1

Which of the following is a group of lipid-soluble hormones derived from cholesterol? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A) Steroids 
B) Thyroid hormones 
C) Eicosanoid hormones 
D) Amine hormones 
E) Peptide hormones 
A) Steroids 
B) Thyroid hormones 
C) Eicosanoid hormones 
D) Amine hormones 
E) Peptide hormones

Question 2

All prostaglandins are derived from a 20-carbon precursor molecule called

Accepted Answer

A) thromboxane. 
B) intrinsic factor. 
C) thymopoietin. 
D) arachidonic acid. 
E) cholesterol. 
A) thromboxane. 
B) intrinsic factor. 
C) thymopoietin. 
D) arachidonic acid. 
E) cholesterol.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a common effect of glucocorticoid stimulation?

Accepted Answer

A) Protein and fat breakdown 
B) Glucose formation 
C) Depression of immune responses 
D) Reduction of inflammation 
E) Increased production of all types of blood cells 
A) Protein and fat breakdown 
B) Glucose formation 
C) Depression of immune responses 
D) Reduction of inflammation 
E) Increased production of all types of blood cells

Question 4

The endocrine gland shown in the diagram is found in a depression in the sphenoid bone (marked in the diagram)called the

Accepted Answer

A) maxilla. 
B) infundibulum. 
C) primary plexus. 
D) cribiform plate. 
E) hypophyseal fossa 
A) maxilla. 
B) infundibulum. 
C) primary plexus. 
D) cribiform plate. 
E) hypophyseal fossa

Question 5

The anterior pituitary develops from which of the following germ layers during embryonic development?

Accepted Answer

A) Mesoderm 
B) Endoderm 
C) Ectoderm 
D) A combination of two of the layers 
E) None of the answer selections are correct 
A) Mesoderm 
B) Endoderm 
C) Ectoderm 
D) A combination of two of the layers 
E) None of the answer selections are correct

Question 6

Which of the following hormones is produced by the endocrine gland marked in the diagram?

Accepted Answer

A) testosterone 
B) glucagon 
C) melatonin 
D) thymopoietin 
E) vasopressin 
A) testosterone 
B) glucagon 
C) melatonin 
D) thymopoietin 
E) vasopressin

Question 7

Which of the following pairs of hormones are released by the posterior pituitary gland?

Accepted Answer

A) Prolactin and growth hormone 
B) Melatonin-stimulating hormone and oxytocin 
C) Oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone 
D) Follicle-stimulating hormone and thyroid-stimulating hormone 
E) Prolactin and ACTH 
A) Prolactin and growth hormone 
B) Melatonin-stimulating hormone and oxytocin 
C) Oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone 
D) Follicle-stimulating hormone and thyroid-stimulating hormone 
E) Prolactin and ACTH

Question 8

Which zone of the adrenal gland secretes androgens?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) None of the zones 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) None of the zones

Question 9

Hypothyroidism during adulthood can produce which of the following disorders?

Accepted Answer

A) Acromegaly 
B) Graves' Disease 
C) Hypoglycemia 
D) Cushing's syndrome 
E) Myxedema 
A) Acromegaly 
B) Graves' Disease 
C) Hypoglycemia 
D) Cushing's syndrome 
E) Myxedema

Question 10

Which of the choices below is a type of hormone that acts on neighboring cells without entering the bloodstream?
1)Local hormone
2)Paracrine
3)Autocrine
4)Circulating hormone

Accepted Answer

A) 1 only 
B) 2 only 
C) 3 only 
D) 4 only 
E) Both 1 and 2 
A) 1 only 
B) 2 only 
C) 3 only 
D) 4 only 
E) Both 1 and 2

Question 11

Which of the following statements does NOT describe a step in the synthesis and secretion of T3 and T4?

Accepted Answer

A) Iodide trapping 
B) Oxidation of iodide 
C) Coupling of T1 and T2 
D) Synthesis of parathyroid hormone 
E) Iodination of tyrosine 
A) Iodide trapping 
B) Oxidation of iodide 
C) Coupling of T1 and T2 
D) Synthesis of parathyroid hormone 
E) Iodination of tyrosine

Question 12

Which of the following describes a function of a hormone produced in the zone of the adrenal gland labeled B?

Accepted Answer

A) enables body to resist stressors and also increases blood glucose 
B) intensifies sympathetic responses in other parts of the body 
C) accelerates formation of glucose from glycogen (glycogenolysis) 
D) stimulates growth of axillary and pubic hair 
E) stimulates breast development and milk secretion 
A) enables body to resist stressors and also increases blood glucose 
B) intensifies sympathetic responses in other parts of the body 
C) accelerates formation of glucose from glycogen (glycogenolysis) 
D) stimulates growth of axillary and pubic hair 
E) stimulates breast development and milk secretion

Question 13

Which of the following is an eicosanoid?
1)Prostaglandin
2)Leukotriene
3)Glycoprotein

Accepted Answer

A) 1 only 
B) 2 only 
C) 3 only 
D) Both 1and 2 
E) All of these choices 
A) 1 only 
B) 2 only 
C) 3 only 
D) Both 1and 2 
E) All of these choices

Question 14

Which of the following statements correctly compares water-soluble hormones with lipid-soluble hormones?

Accepted Answer

A) Both types of hormones are carried in the blood attached to a carrier protein. 
B) Both types of hormone almost always stimulate increases in mRNA transcription. 
C) Only water-soluble hormones use second messengers. 
D) Only water-soluble hormones require a receptor. 
E) Lipid-soluble hormones are not found in the bloodstream. 
A) Both types of hormones are carried in the blood attached to a carrier protein. 
B) Both types of hormone almost always stimulate increases in mRNA transcription. 
C) Only water-soluble hormones use second messengers. 
D) Only water-soluble hormones require a receptor. 
E) Lipid-soluble hormones are not found in the bloodstream.

Question 15

Which type of anterior pituitary cell secretes melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH)?

Accepted Answer

A) Thyrotrophs 
B) Gonadotrophs 
C) Somatotrophs 
D) Lactotrophs 
E) Corticotrophs 
A) Thyrotrophs 
B) Gonadotrophs 
C) Somatotrophs 
D) Lactotrophs 
E) Corticotrophs

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT an endocrine gland aging effect?

Accepted Answer

A) Rise in the blood levels of PTH 
B) Less cortisol and aldosterone production 
C) Decreased levels of gonadotropins 
D) Decreased levels of calcitriol and calcitonin 
E) Increase in thymus size 
A) Rise in the blood levels of PTH 
B) Less cortisol and aldosterone production 
C) Decreased levels of gonadotropins 
D) Decreased levels of calcitriol and calcitonin 
E) Increase in thymus size

Question 17

Two of the hallmarks of hyperparathyroidism are [dropdown 1] and [dropdown 2] .
Dropdown1 choices:
broken bones
excessive thirst
increased hair growth
myxedema
Dropdown 2 choices:
bronze skin
buffalo hump
kidney stones
rapid heart rate

Accepted Answer

1.broken b

Question 18

Hypersecretion of a hormone by the endocrine gland marked in the diagram results in a type of depression that affects some people during the winter months,when the day length is short.This condition is known as

Accepted Answer

A) thyroid crisis (storm). 
B) general adaptation syndrome (GAS). 
C) seasonal affective disorder (SA
D) . 
D) Addisonian crisis. 
E) posttraumatic stress disorder (PTS
D) . 
A) thyroid crisis (storm). 
B) general adaptation syndrome (GAS). 
C) seasonal affective disorder (SA
D) . 
D) Addisonian crisis. 
E) posttraumatic stress disorder (PTS
D) .

Question 19

Which zone of the adrenal gland secretes aldosterone?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) None of the zones 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) None of the zones

Question 20

Identify the stalk-like structure labeled A in the diagram.

Accepted Answer

A) hypothalamus 
B) anterior pituitary 
C) posterior pituitary 
D) infundibulum 
E) hypophyseal fossa 
A) hypothalamus 
B) anterior pituitary 
C) posterior pituitary 
D) infundibulum 
E) hypophyseal fossa

Exam 18: The Endocrine System

Which of the following is a group of lipid-soluble hormones derived from cholesterol? Select all that apply.

All prostaglandins are derived from a 20-carbon precursor molecule called

Which of the following is NOT a common effect of glucocorticoid stimulation?

The endocrine gland shown in the diagram is found in a depression in the sphenoid bone (marked in the diagram)called the

The anterior pituitary develops from which of the following germ layers during embryonic development?

Which of the following hormones is produced by the endocrine gland marked in the diagram?

Which of the following pairs of hormones are released by the posterior pituitary gland?

Which zone of the adrenal gland secretes androgens?

Hypothyroidism during adulthood can produce which of the following disorders?

Which of the choices below is a type of hormone that acts on neighboring cells without entering the bloodstream? 1)Local hormone 2)Paracrine 3)Autocrine 4)Circulating hormone

Which of the following statements does NOT describe a step in the synthesis and secretion of T3 and T4?

Which of the following describes a function of a hormone produced in the zone of the adrenal gland labeled B?

Which of the following is an eicosanoid? 1)Prostaglandin 2)Leukotriene 3)Glycoprotein

Which of the following statements correctly compares water-soluble hormones with lipid-soluble hormones?

Which type of anterior pituitary cell secretes melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH)?

Which of the following is NOT an endocrine gland aging effect?

Two of the hallmarks of hyperparathyroidism are [dropdown 1] and [dropdown 2] . Dropdown1 choices: broken bones excessive thirst increased hair growth myxedema Dropdown 2 choices: bronze skin buffalo hump kidney stones rapid heart rate

Hypersecretion of a hormone by the endocrine gland marked in the diagram results in a type of depression that affects some people during the winter months,when the day length is short.This condition is known as

Which zone of the adrenal gland secretes aldosterone?

Identify the stalk-like structure labeled A in the diagram.

An Introduction to the Human Body

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Cellular Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

The Skeletal System: Bone Tissue

The Skeletal System: the Axial Skeleton

The Skeletal System: The Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Muscular Tissue

The Muscular System

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

The Autonomic Nervous System

Sensory, Motor, and Integrative Systems

The Special Senses

The Cardiovascular System: the Blood

The Cardiovascular System: the Heart

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Hemodynamics

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Nutrition

The Urinary System

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acidbase Homeostasis

The Reproductive Systems

Development and Inheritance

Filters

Which of the following statements does NOT describe a step in the synthesis and secretion of T₃ and T₄?