Question 1

The oldest known elements in the periodic table are the ones with

Accepted Answer

A) the lowest atomic numbers. 
B) the highest atomic numbers. 
C) odd looking atomic symbols. 
D) atomic symbols that match their modern names. 
A) the lowest atomic numbers. 
B) the highest atomic numbers. 
C) odd looking atomic symbols. 
D) atomic symbols that match their modern names. C

Question 2

Which of the following elements is a transition metal?

Accepted Answer

A) xenon (Xe) 
B) lead (Pb) 
C) chlorine (Cl) 
D) silver (Ag) 
E) lithium (Li) 
A) xenon (Xe) 
B) lead (Pb) 
C) chlorine (Cl) 
D) silver (Ag) 
E) lithium (Li) D

Question 3

How do we account for the great variety of substances in the world?

Accepted Answer

A) The Earth is 4.5 billion years old. 
B) Most of these substances are organic compounds. 
C) Atoms are incredibly small. 
D) There are many possible combinations of atoms. 
A) The Earth is 4.5 billion years old. 
B) Most of these substances are organic compounds. 
C) Atoms are incredibly small. 
D) There are many possible combinations of atoms. D

Question 4

Some older cars vibrate loudly when driving at particular speeds. For example, at 65 mph the car may be most quiet, but at 60 mph the car rattles uncomfortably. How is this analogous to the quantized energy levels of an electron in an atom?

Accepted Answer

A) A car is designed for maximum performance at particular speeds under given road conditions. Likewise, electron energy level transitions are smooth if they occur while the atom is in a low energy state. Changing the speed of the car for the road conditions is similar to subjecting the atom to unusual energy conditions. 
B) New cars and small atoms don't share this behavior because modern technology produces better cars and small atoms don't have enough electrons to move among quantized energy levels to cause vibration. 
C) The vibrating car is analogous to one of the energy levels of the electron, which is the point at which the electron experiences resonance. 
D) There can be no analogy between a vibrating car and the quantized energy level of an electron in an atom since electrons don't vibrate. Doing so would cause the atom to break apart. 
A) A car is designed for maximum performance at particular speeds under given road conditions. Likewise, electron energy level transitions are smooth if they occur while the atom is in a low energy state. Changing the speed of the car for the road conditions is similar to subjecting the atom to unusual energy conditions. 
B) New cars and small atoms don't share this behavior because modern technology produces better cars and small atoms don't have enough electrons to move among quantized energy levels to cause vibration. 
C) The vibrating car is analogous to one of the energy levels of the electron, which is the point at which the electron experiences resonance. 
D) There can be no analogy between a vibrating car and the quantized energy level of an electron in an atom since electrons don't vibrate. Doing so would cause the atom to break apart.

Question 5

If an element has 15 protons and 16 neutrons and 15 electrons, what is the atomic mass of the element?

Accepted Answer

A) 31 
B) 15 
C) 16 
D) 30 
E) none of the above 
A) 31 
B) 15 
C) 16 
D) 30 
E) none of the above

Question 6

Which of the following is said to be quantized?

Accepted Answer

A) the number of eggs in an egg carton 
B) the amount of water in a glass 
C) the volume of air in a balloon 
D) the amount of time in an hour 
E) none of the above 
A) the number of eggs in an egg carton 
B) the amount of water in a glass 
C) the volume of air in a balloon 
D) the amount of time in an hour 
E) none of the above

Question 7

If an atom were the size of a baseball, its nucleus would be about the size of a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) walnut. 
B) raisin. 
C) flea. 
D) atom. 
A) walnut. 
B) raisin. 
C) flea. 
D) atom.

Question 8

What is the main tenet of Plank's quantum hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A) Energy comes in discrete packets of a certain minimum size. 
B) Energy is composed of subatomic particles called quanta. 
C) Energy is a continuum, but light is quantized. 
D) Energy can be converted into matter through nuclear quanta. 
E) Light is composed of waves that exist only at certain quantum fundamental frequencies. 
A) Energy comes in discrete packets of a certain minimum size. 
B) Energy is composed of subatomic particles called quanta. 
C) Energy is a continuum, but light is quantized. 
D) Energy can be converted into matter through nuclear quanta. 
E) Light is composed of waves that exist only at certain quantum fundamental frequencies.

Question 9

Consider the various frequencies of the three photons emitted from the following three individual electron transitions in the figure below: n=3 to n=2; n=2 to n=1; n=3 to n=1. These transitions would produce three spectral lines in a spectroscope. If the energy spacing between the levels were equal, would this affect the number of spectral lines?

Accepted Answer

A) Yes, two otherwise separate lines would converge into a single more intense line. 
B) No, but the spacing between the spectral lines would change. 
C) Yes, two otherwise separate lines would converge into a single less intense line. 
D) No, but some would then require a prism in order to be seen. 
A) Yes, two otherwise separate lines would converge into a single more intense line. 
B) No, but the spacing between the spectral lines would change. 
C) Yes, two otherwise separate lines would converge into a single less intense line. 
D) No, but some would then require a prism in order to be seen.

Question 10

The mass number of an element is ________.

Accepted Answer

A) the sum of the protons and the neutrons 
B) the sum of the electrons and the protons 
C) the sum of the electrons and the neutrons 
D) the sum of the isotopes 
E) the number of protons 
A) the sum of the protons and the neutrons 
B) the sum of the electrons and the protons 
C) the sum of the electrons and the neutrons 
D) the sum of the isotopes 
E) the number of protons

Question 11

Which of the following best describes a conceptual model of an atom?

Accepted Answer

A) a model that illustrates the tendency of an atom to undergo radioactive decay and the products it produces 
B) a model that illustrates the physical structure of the atom 
C) a model that represents the shape of the nucleus and the location of the electrons 
D) a description of the location of the neutrons and protons in an atom 
E) none of the above 
A) a model that illustrates the tendency of an atom to undergo radioactive decay and the products it produces 
B) a model that illustrates the physical structure of the atom 
C) a model that represents the shape of the nucleus and the location of the electrons 
D) a description of the location of the neutrons and protons in an atom 
E) none of the above

Question 12

How might you distinguish a sodium-vapor street lamp from a mercury-vapor street lamp?

Accepted Answer

A) use binoculars to look for printing adjacent to the bulb 
B) look at the street lamps through a spectroscope and match their spectral patterns to their respective atomic spectra 
C) ask your local utility company to identify these lamps for you 
D) The shadows cast from a sodium-vapor street lamp tend to be more diffuse around the edges. 
A) use binoculars to look for printing adjacent to the bulb 
B) look at the street lamps through a spectroscope and match their spectral patterns to their respective atomic spectra 
C) ask your local utility company to identify these lamps for you 
D) The shadows cast from a sodium-vapor street lamp tend to be more diffuse around the edges.

Question 13

What are metalloids?

Accepted Answer

A) elements that have some properties like metals and some like nonmetals 
B) elements that are smaller than metals 
C) elements found in asteroids 
D) elements that are larger than nonmetals 
E) elements that have properties different than either the metals or the nonmetals 
A) elements that have some properties like metals and some like nonmetals 
B) elements that are smaller than metals 
C) elements found in asteroids 
D) elements that are larger than nonmetals 
E) elements that have properties different than either the metals or the nonmetals

Question 14

Which atom is largest?

Accepted Answer

A) Rb 
B) K 
C) Na 
D) Li 
E) H 
A) Rb 
B) K 
C) Na 
D) Li 
E) H

Question 15

Germanium, Ge (number 32), computer chips operate faster than silicon, Si (number 14), computer chips. So how might a gallium, Ga (number 31), chip compare with a germanium chip?

Accepted Answer

A) A gallium chip would be even faster because the gallium is more metallic. 
B) A gallium chip would be slower because its electrons are more loosely held. 
C) Gallium is located just below aluminum, which is widely known to be an electrical insulator. 
D) Gallium is more nonmetallic and so it does not conduct electrons very well. 
A) A gallium chip would be even faster because the gallium is more metallic. 
B) A gallium chip would be slower because its electrons are more loosely held. 
C) Gallium is located just below aluminum, which is widely known to be an electrical insulator. 
D) Gallium is more nonmetallic and so it does not conduct electrons very well.

Question 16

What is the main difference between a conceptual model and a physical model?

Accepted Answer

A) A physical model represents the shape and form while a conceptual model describes how a system behaves. 
B) A conceptual model represents the shape and form while a physical model describes how a system behaves. 
C) Physical models can only be used to represent the real world. 
D) Conceptual models can only be used to describe concepts. 
E) Physical models and conceptual models can be used to describe the same things. 
A) A physical model represents the shape and form while a conceptual model describes how a system behaves. 
B) A conceptual model represents the shape and form while a physical model describes how a system behaves. 
C) Physical models can only be used to represent the real world. 
D) Conceptual models can only be used to describe concepts. 
E) Physical models and conceptual models can be used to describe the same things.

Question 17

The following statement describes which subatomic particle best? It is electrically charged.

Accepted Answer

A) an electron 
B) a proton 
C) a neutron 
D) A and B 
E) B and C 
A) an electron 
B) a proton 
C) a neutron 
D) A and B 
E) B and C

Question 18

Which of these properties describes a metal?

Accepted Answer

A) conducts heat very well 
B) brittle 
C) fragile 
D) transparent 
E) doesn't conduct electricity very well 
A) conducts heat very well 
B) brittle 
C) fragile 
D) transparent 
E) doesn't conduct electricity very well

Question 19

Where did the atoms that make up a newborn baby originate?

Accepted Answer

A) In the womb of the baby's mother. 
B) In the digestion of the food that the mother . 
C) In the Earth through geological processes. 
D) In the explosions of ancient . 
A) In the womb of the baby's mother. 
B) In the digestion of the food that the mother . 
C) In the Earth through geological processes. 
D) In the explosions of ancient .

Question 20

How many electrons are there in the third shell of sodium, Na (atomic number 11)?

Accepted Answer

A) none 
B) one 
C) two 
D) three 
A) none 
B) one 
C) two 
D) three

Exam 12: Atoms and the Periodic Table

The oldest known elements in the periodic table are the ones with

Which of the following elements is a transition metal?

How do we account for the great variety of substances in the world?

Some older cars vibrate loudly when driving at particular speeds. For example, at 65 mph the car may be most quiet, but at 60 mph the car rattles uncomfortably. How is this analogous to the quantized energy levels of an electron in an atom?

If an element has 15 protons and 16 neutrons and 15 electrons, what is the atomic mass of the element?

Which of the following is said to be quantized?

If an atom were the size of a baseball, its nucleus would be about the size of a(n)

What is the main tenet of Plank's quantum hypothesis?

The mass number of an element is ________.

Which of the following best describes a conceptual model of an atom?

How might you distinguish a sodium-vapor street lamp from a mercury-vapor street lamp?

What are metalloids?

Which atom is largest?

Germanium, Ge (number 32), computer chips operate faster than silicon, Si (number 14), computer chips. So how might a gallium, Ga (number 31), chip compare with a germanium chip?

What is the main difference between a conceptual model and a physical model?

The following statement describes which subatomic particle best? It is electrically charged.

Which of these properties describes a metal?

Where did the atoms that make up a newborn baby originate?

How many electrons are there in the third shell of sodium, Na (atomic number 11)?

Patterns of Motion and Equilibrium

Newtons Laws of Motion

Momentum and Energy

Gravity, Projectiles, and Satellites

Fluid Mechanics

Thermal Energy and Thermodynamics

Heat Transfer and Change of Phase

Static and Current Electricity

Magnetism and Electromagnetic Induction

Waves and Sound

Light

The Atomic Nucleus and Radioactivity

Elements of Chemistry

How Atoms Bond and Molecules Attract

Mixtures

How Chemicals React

Two Classes of Chemical Reactions

Organic Compounds

Rocks and Minerals

Plate Tectonics and Earths Interior

Shaping Earths Surface

Geologic Timereading the Rock Record

The Oceans, Atmosphere, and Climatic Effects

Driving Forces of Weather

The Solar System

Stars and Galaxies

The Structure of Space and Time

Prologue: the Nature of Science

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