Question 1

In sickle-cell anemia, the negatively charged glutamic acid residue is replaced by the neutral amino acid ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) tyrosine 
B) lysine 
C) valine 
D) adenosine 
E) glycine 
A) tyrosine 
B) lysine 
C) valine 
D) adenosine 
E) glycine

Question 2

Max Perutz's investigation of the structure of hemoglobin primarily utilized_____.

Accepted Answer

A) X-ray crystallography 
B) NMR spectroscopy 
C) genomics 
D) mass spectrometry 
E) genetic engineering 
A) X-ray crystallography 
B) NMR spectroscopy 
C) genomics 
D) mass spectrometry 
E) genetic engineering

Question 3

Muscle contraction is triggered

Accepted Answer

A) in response to an increase in the cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration. 
B) in response to a decrease in the cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration. 
C) in response to an increase in the cytoplasmic cAMP concentration. 
D) in response to a decrease in the cytoplasmic cAMP concentration. 
E) in response to an increase in the cytoplasmic titin concentration. 
A) in response to an increase in the cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration. 
B) in response to a decrease in the cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration. 
C) in response to an increase in the cytoplasmic cAMP concentration. 
D) in response to a decrease in the cytoplasmic cAMP concentration. 
E) in response to an increase in the cytoplasmic titin concentration.

Question 4

How many different classes of antibodies are produced by the human immune system?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 5 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 5

Question 5

During muscle contraction myosin heads

Accepted Answer

A) walk along thick filaments toward the M disk. 
B) walk along thick filaments toward the Z disk. 
C) walk along thin filaments toward the M disk. 
D) walk along the thin filaments toward the H zone. 
E) walk along the thin filaments toward the Z disk. 
A) walk along thick filaments toward the M disk. 
B) walk along thick filaments toward the Z disk. 
C) walk along thin filaments toward the M disk. 
D) walk along the thin filaments toward the H zone. 
E) walk along the thin filaments toward the Z disk.

Question 6

Matching
-Hemoglobin's subunits bind oxygen in a ______ manner.

Accepted Answer

A) positively cooperative 
B) cyanosis 
C) His E7 
D) decrease 
E) R
F)hydrogen bonds
G)increase
H)symmetry
I)His F8
J)ion pairs
K)T
L)hemolytic anemia
M)sequencial 
A) positively cooperative 
B) cyanosis 
C) His E7 
D) decrease 
E) R
F)hydrogen bonds
G)increase
H)symmetry
I)His F8
J)ion pairs
K)T
L)hemolytic anemia
M)sequencial

Question 7

______of the world's human population carries an inherited variant hemoglobin gene.

Accepted Answer

A) 5% 
B) 25% 
C) 50% 
D) 75% 
E) 90% 
A) 5% 
B) 25% 
C) 50% 
D) 75% 
E) 90%

Question 8

How many antigen-binding sites are present on an IgM molecule?

Accepted Answer

A) 2 
B) 4 
C) 10 
D) 16 
E) 25 
A) 2 
B) 4 
C) 10 
D) 16 
E) 25

Question 9

What is the primary physiological function of myoglobin in most mammals?

Accepted Answer

The primary physiological func

Question 10

Which statement about actin is correct?

Accepted Answer

A) Actin is expressed only in muscle. 
B) Actin is expressed at low levels in most cells. 
C) No known function has been described for actin in nonmuscle cells. 
D) Nonmuscle cells only contain G actin. 
E) Actin is the most abundant cytoplasmic protein in many cell types. 
A) Actin is expressed only in muscle. 
B) Actin is expressed at low levels in most cells. 
C) No known function has been described for actin in nonmuscle cells. 
D) Nonmuscle cells only contain G actin. 
E) Actin is the most abundant cytoplasmic protein in many cell types.

Question 11

Which of the following statements about actin is not true?

Accepted Answer

A) Actin is the most abundant cytoplasmic protein in many cell types. 
B) Actin forms microfilaments in many cell types. 
C) Actin plays an important role in endocytosis. 
D) Actin is present only as monomers in nonmuscle cells. 
E) Actin filaments are dynamic, they grow at one end and they lose subunits at the other end. 
A) Actin is the most abundant cytoplasmic protein in many cell types. 
B) Actin forms microfilaments in many cell types. 
C) Actin plays an important role in endocytosis. 
D) Actin is present only as monomers in nonmuscle cells. 
E) Actin filaments are dynamic, they grow at one end and they lose subunits at the other end.

Question 12

While the binding of O2 to myoglobin as a function of pO2 is described by a simple __________ curve, the binding to hemoglobin is described by a more complex ______ curve.

Accepted Answer

A) sigmoidal; hyperbolic 
B) hyperbolic; sigmoidal 
C) exponential; hyperbolic 
D) sigmoidal; bell-shaped 
E) hyperbolic; concave 
A) sigmoidal; hyperbolic 
B) hyperbolic; sigmoidal 
C) exponential; hyperbolic 
D) sigmoidal; bell-shaped 
E) hyperbolic; concave

Question 13

Which of the following is not a ligand to the porphyrin ring Fe(II) ion in oxymyoglobin?

Accepted Answer

A) His E7 
B) His F8 
C) Nitrogen atoms in the porphyrin ring 
D) Oxygen 
E) all are ligands 
A) His E7 
B) His F8 
C) Nitrogen atoms in the porphyrin ring 
D) Oxygen 
E) all are ligands

Question 14

The Hill plot shows that the fourth oxygen binds to hemoglobin with a ______-fold greater affinity than the first.

Accepted Answer

A) 2 
B) 5 
C) 10 
D) 20 
E) 100 
A) 2 
B) 5 
C) 10 
D) 20 
E) 100

Question 15

Matching
-When unstable hemoglobin is degraded; degradation products often cause cell lysis, leading to a condition called ______.

Accepted Answer

A) positively cooperative 
B) cyanosis 
C) His E7 
D) decrease 
E) R
F)hydrogen bonds
G)increase
H)symmetry
I)His F8
J)ion pairs
K)T
L)hemolytic anemia
M)sequencial 
A) positively cooperative 
B) cyanosis 
C) His E7 
D) decrease 
E) R
F)hydrogen bonds
G)increase
H)symmetry
I)His F8
J)ion pairs
K)T
L)hemolytic anemia
M)sequencial

Question 16

It appears that the heme group in myoglobin binds the O2.What is the function of the polypeptide?

Accepted Answer

The polypeptide performs various functio

Question 17

The most rapid way that erythrocytes adapt to high altitudes is

Accepted Answer

A) by producing genetically altered hemoglobins that have higher O2-binding affinities. 
B) by adopting the symmetry model of allosterism. 
C) by increasing the concentration of hemoglobin. 
D) by relying upon the simpler protein myoglobin. 
E) by increasing the intracellular concentration of BPG. 
A) by producing genetically altered hemoglobins that have higher O2-binding affinities. 
B) by adopting the symmetry model of allosterism. 
C) by increasing the concentration of hemoglobin. 
D) by relying upon the simpler protein myoglobin. 
E) by increasing the intracellular concentration of BPG.

Question 18

Humoral immunity refers to that part of the immune response that is mediated by

Accepted Answer

A) T lymphocytes. 
B) antibodies. 
C) antigens. 
D) the thymus. 
E) the skin. 
A) T lymphocytes. 
B) antibodies. 
C) antigens. 
D) the thymus. 
E) the skin.

Question 19

How many antigen-binding sites are present on an IgG molecule?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 5 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 5

Question 20

The value of n, the Hill constant (coefficient), for hemoglobin is about ______ as great as the value for myoglobin.

Accepted Answer

A) half 
B) twice 
C) three times 
D) five times 
E) ten times 
A) half 
B) twice 
C) three times 
D) five times 
E) ten times

Exam 7: Protein Function Part I: Myoglobin and Hemoglobin

In sickle-cell anemia, the negatively charged glutamic acid residue is replaced by the neutral amino acid ____________.

Max Perutz's investigation of the structure of hemoglobin primarily utilized_____.

Muscle contraction is triggered

How many different classes of antibodies are produced by the human immune system?

During muscle contraction myosin heads

Matching -Hemoglobin's subunits bind oxygen in a ______ manner.

______of the world's human population carries an inherited variant hemoglobin gene.

How many antigen-binding sites are present on an IgM molecule?

What is the primary physiological function of myoglobin in most mammals?

Which statement about actin is correct?

Which of the following statements about actin is not true?

While the binding of O2 to myoglobin as a function of pO2 is described by a simple __________ curve, the binding to hemoglobin is described by a more complex ______ curve.

Which of the following is not a ligand to the porphyrin ring Fe(II) ion in oxymyoglobin?

The Hill plot shows that the fourth oxygen binds to hemoglobin with a ______-fold greater affinity than the first.

Matching -When unstable hemoglobin is degraded; degradation products often cause cell lysis, leading to a condition called ______.

It appears that the heme group in myoglobin binds the O2.What is the function of the polypeptide?

The most rapid way that erythrocytes adapt to high altitudes is

Humoral immunity refers to that part of the immune response that is mediated by

How many antigen-binding sites are present on an IgG molecule?

The value of n, the Hill constant (coefficient), for hemoglobin is about ______ as great as the value for myoglobin.

Introduction to the Chemistry of Life

Water

Nucleotides, Nucleic Acids, and Genetic Information

Amino Acids

Proteins: Primary Structure

Proteins: Three-Dimensional Structure

Carbohydrates

Lipids and Biological Membranes

Membrane Transport

Enzyme Catalysis

Enzyme Kinetics, Inhibition and Control

Biochemical Signaling

Introduction to Metabolism

Glycogen Metabolism and Gluconeogenesis

Glucose Catabolism

Citric Acid Cycle

Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation

Photosynthesis

Lipid Metabolism

Amino Acid Metabolism

Mammalian Fuel Metabolism: Integration and Regulation

Nucleotide Metabolism

Nucleic Acid Structure

Dna Replication, Repair and Recombination

Transcription and Rna Processing

Translation

Regulation of Gene Expression

Filters

While the binding of O₂ to myoglobin as a function of pO₂ is described by a simple ____ curve, thebinding to hemoglobin is described by a more complex curve.

Which of the following is not a ligand to the porphyrin ring Fe(II)ion in oxymyoglobin?

It appears that the heme group in myoglobin binds the O₂.What is the function of the polypeptide?