Question 1

Which of the following is an unusual nucleoside that is only found in tRNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  Adenine 
B)  Inosine 
C)  Proline 
D)  Phenylalanine 
E)  Guanine 
A)  Adenine 
B)  Inosine 
C)  Proline 
D)  Phenylalanine 
E)  Guanine B

Question 2

If a tRNAala alters its anticodon from 3'-AUC-5' to the sequence to 3'-AUU-5',which of the following mutations can be suppressed?

Accepted Answer

A)  Missense 
B)  Missense only if alanine does not adversely affect protein structure 
C)  Silent 
D)  Nonsense (only the 5'-UAA-3' codon) 
E)  None of these 
A)  Missense 
B)  Missense only if alanine does not adversely affect protein structure 
C)  Silent 
D)  Nonsense (only the 5'-UAA-3' codon) 
E)  None of these D

Question 3

Amino acids in polypeptides are joined by what type of bond?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hydrogen 
B)  Peptide 
C)  Covalent 
D)  Ionic 
E)  Weak 
A)  Hydrogen 
B)  Peptide 
C)  Covalent 
D)  Ionic 
E)  Weak B

Question 4

Summarize the steps in chain elongation during translation.

Accepted Answer

The addition of each amino acid to the g

Question 5

Which of the following codons is most often recognized as the start codon for translation?

Accepted Answer

A)  GUA 
B)  AUG 
C)  CUG 
D)  UUG 
E)  AAG 
A)  GUA 
B)  AUG 
C)  CUG 
D)  UUG 
E)  AAG

Question 6

The reaction in which the growing chain from the tRNA in the P site covalently joins the chain to the tRNA in the A site is catalyzed by which of the following enzymes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gyrase 
B)  Topoisomerase 
C)  Peptidyl transferase 
D)  Aminoacyl - tRNA synthetase 
E)  Ligase 
A)  Gyrase 
B)  Topoisomerase 
C)  Peptidyl transferase 
D)  Aminoacyl - tRNA synthetase 
E)  Ligase

Question 7

When a mRNA molecule is simultaneously translated by several ribosomes,the result is the formation of a/an:

Accepted Answer

A)  Polysome 
B)  Polypeptie 
C)  Ribosome 
D)  Charged tRNA 
E)  None of these 
A)  Polysome 
B)  Polypeptie 
C)  Ribosome 
D)  Charged tRNA 
E)  None of these

Question 8

Unusual nucleosides that are found in mature tRNA molecules are added during:

Accepted Answer

A)  Transcription initiation 
B)  Transcription elongation 
C)  Transcription termination 
D)  Post transcriptional modification 
E)  It is not currently known when the unusual nucleosides are added 
A)  Transcription initiation 
B)  Transcription elongation 
C)  Transcription termination 
D)  Post transcriptional modification 
E)  It is not currently known when the unusual nucleosides are added

Question 9

Polypeptide chain elongation and termination of translation differ in prokaryotes and eukaryotes in which of the following ways?

Accepted Answer

A)  Binding of the aminoacyl-tRNA to the A-site 
B)  Number of release factors 
C)  Transfer of the growing peptide from the tRNA in the P-site to the tRNA in the A-site 
D)  Translocation requirement of GTP hydrolysis 
E)  Translocation of the ribosome along the mRNA to position the next codon in the A-site 
A)  Binding of the aminoacyl-tRNA to the A-site 
B)  Number of release factors 
C)  Transfer of the growing peptide from the tRNA in the P-site to the tRNA in the A-site 
D)  Translocation requirement of GTP hydrolysis 
E)  Translocation of the ribosome along the mRNA to position the next codon in the A-site

Question 10

The genetic code is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Composed of triplet codons 
B)  Non-overlapping 
C)  Degenerate 
D)  Universal 
E)  All of these 
A)  Composed of triplet codons 
B)  Non-overlapping 
C)  Degenerate 
D)  Universal 
E)  All of these

Question 11

The process by which the genetic information stored in mRNA nucleotide sequences is used to specify the amino acid sequences in polypeptide gene products is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  Replication 
B)  Transcription 
C)  Translation 
D)  Transcription and Translation 
E)  None of these 
A)  Replication 
B)  Transcription 
C)  Translation 
D)  Transcription and Translation 
E)  None of these

Question 12

Of the 64 possible nucleotide codon triplets,how many specify polypeptide chain termination?

Accepted Answer

A)  61 
B)  1 
C)  2 
D)  3 
E)  64 
A)  61 
B)  1 
C)  2 
D)  3 
E)  64

Question 13

Which of the following is a type of R group?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hydrophobic 
B)  Hydrophilic 
C)  Acidic 
D)  Basic 
E)  All of these 
A)  Hydrophobic 
B)  Hydrophilic 
C)  Acidic 
D)  Basic 
E)  All of these

Question 14

In the process of coupling tRNAs to amino acids,which of the following statements is INCORRECT?

Accepted Answer

A)  Amino acids attach to the 3' end of tRNAs. 
B)  Prior to attachment between tRNA and amino acid, the amino acid becomes linked to AMP by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase. 
C)  The amino acid-AMP linkage is broken to attach the amino acid to the tRNA and release AMP by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase. 
D)  Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase is responsible for matching the correct tRNA with the appropriate amino acid. 
E)  None of these. 
A)  Amino acids attach to the 3' end of tRNAs. 
B)  Prior to attachment between tRNA and amino acid, the amino acid becomes linked to AMP by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase. 
C)  The amino acid-AMP linkage is broken to attach the amino acid to the tRNA and release AMP by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase. 
D)  Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase is responsible for matching the correct tRNA with the appropriate amino acid. 
E)  None of these.

Question 15

Which of the following non-covalent bonds is not involved in the tertiary structure formation of proteins?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ionic bonds 
B)  Hydrogen bonds 
C)  Disulfide bridges 
D)  Hydrophobic interactions 
E)  Van der Waal interactions 
A)  Ionic bonds 
B)  Hydrogen bonds 
C)  Disulfide bridges 
D)  Hydrophobic interactions 
E)  Van der Waal interactions

Question 16

Explain,in detail,how translation is initiated in E.coli.

Accepted Answer

In E.coli,the initiation process involve

Question 17

Briefly summarize the roles that each of the components play in the process of translation.

Accepted Answer

The mRNA molecules provide the specifica

Question 18

Amino acids differ from one another by the _________ that are present.

Accepted Answer

A)  Amino group 
B)  Carboxyl group 
C)  R group 
D)  R plasmid 
E)  Core group 
A)  Amino group 
B)  Carboxyl group 
C)  R group 
D)  R plasmid 
E)  Core group

Question 19

Which of the following is not a true statement about ribosomes?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are structured into large and small subunits 
B)  They are comprised of RNA and protein 
C)  The ribosomes in prokaryotes are typically larger than those found in eukaryotes 
D)  The ribosome subunits associate during the initiation of translation 
E)  All of these are false statements 
A)  They are structured into large and small subunits 
B)  They are comprised of RNA and protein 
C)  The ribosomes in prokaryotes are typically larger than those found in eukaryotes 
D)  The ribosome subunits associate during the initiation of translation 
E)  All of these are false statements

Question 20

In which part of a eukaryotic cell does translation take place?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nucleus 
B)  Ribosomes 
C)  Lysosome 
D)  Nucleolus 
E)  Smooth ER 
A)  Nucleus 
B)  Ribosomes 
C)  Lysosome 
D)  Nucleolus 
E)  Smooth ER

Exam 12: Translation And The Genetic Code

Which of the following is an unusual nucleoside that is only found in tRNA?

If a tRNAala alters its anticodon from 3'-AUC-5' to the sequence to 3'-AUU-5',which of the following mutations can be suppressed?

Amino acids in polypeptides are joined by what type of bond?

Summarize the steps in chain elongation during translation.

Which of the following codons is most often recognized as the start codon for translation?

The reaction in which the growing chain from the tRNA in the P site covalently joins the chain to the tRNA in the A site is catalyzed by which of the following enzymes?

When a mRNA molecule is simultaneously translated by several ribosomes,the result is the formation of a/an:

Unusual nucleosides that are found in mature tRNA molecules are added during:

Polypeptide chain elongation and termination of translation differ in prokaryotes and eukaryotes in which of the following ways?

The genetic code is:

The process by which the genetic information stored in mRNA nucleotide sequences is used to specify the amino acid sequences in polypeptide gene products is known as:

Of the 64 possible nucleotide codon triplets,how many specify polypeptide chain termination?

Which of the following is a type of R group?

In the process of coupling tRNAs to amino acids,which of the following statements is INCORRECT?

Which of the following non-covalent bonds is not involved in the tertiary structure formation of proteins?

Explain,in detail,how translation is initiated in E.coli.

Briefly summarize the roles that each of the components play in the process of translation.

Amino acids differ from one another by the _________ that are present.

Which of the following is not a true statement about ribosomes?

In which part of a eukaryotic cell does translation take place?

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Variation In Chromosome Number And Structure

Linkage,Crossing Over,And Chromosome Mapping In …

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DNA And The Molecular Structure Of Chromosomes

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If a tRNA_ala alters its anticodon from 3'-AUC-5' to the sequence to 3'-AUU-5',which of the following mutations can be suppressed?