Exam 5: Estimating the Cost of Producing Services

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The throughput time for a service transaction as compared with others in the industry is known as:

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Where managers use cost information about outputs to guide pricing decisions,they are likely to __________ outputs that they have under-costed,resulting in increased demand for these outputs while profit will fall.

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When do managers use a job-costing? _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________

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Schmenner classifies services according to two dimensions: degree of variation and relative throughput time.

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When management accountants use process-costing systems,they separate costs into cost categories according to when they are introduced into the process.

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Degree of variation captures the extent to which the service provider customises its services and interacts with its customers.

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What does over-costed output lead to? _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________

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Direct costs of a cost object are costs related to that cost object that managers and management accountants can trace to it in an economically feasible (cost-effective)way.

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The shorter the period used to calculate the cost-driver rate,the ______________ the influence of seasonal patterns and of non-seasonal,sporadic costs on the dollar-amount of the cost pool (the numerator).

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A local engineering firm is bidding on a design project for a new client.The total budgeted direct-labour costs for the firm are $800 000.The total budgeted indirect costs are $1 200 000.It is estimated that there are 16 000 billable hours in total. Required: a.What is the budgeted direct-labour cost rate? b.What is the budgeted indirect-cost rate assuming direct-labour cost is the allocation base? c.If the firm has a 20% mark-up percentage,what should it bid on the project if the direct labour hours are estimated at 500 hours? _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________

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Actual costing is a costing system that traces budgeted direct costs to the cost object and allocates indirect costs based on the actual cost-driver rate.

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Schmenner classifies services into four categories-professional service,service shop,mass service and service factory.

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The actual cost-driver rate measures _____________ capacity utilisation.

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To motivate people to make decisions and to take actions that are congruent with the goals of the organisation,senior managers often include costs from more than one,but not necessarily all,business functions to emphasise that costs in some functions potentially affect costs in other functions.

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What type of costs is related to the cost object that managers and management accountants cannot trace to it in an economically feasible way?

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Variation time as the measure of the time that a molecule in a production process takes 'from when the molecule is ready to have value added to it until it is a part of the finished product'.

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Output-cost cross-subsidisation means that if management under-costs one of its outputs,then it will over-cost at least one of its other outputs.

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What is the amount of productive capacity available over and above that used to meet consumer demand in the current period called?

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A hybrid costing system blends characteristics of both job-costing and process costing systems.

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What is normal costing? _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________

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