Question 1

That Ebbinghaus served as his own participant was problematic because:

Accepted Answer

A) his expectations might have influenced the results. 
B) he could not manipulate an independent variable. 
C) his studies were double-blind. 
D) he didn't have any experimenter bias. 
A) his expectations might have influenced the results. 
B) he could not manipulate an independent variable. 
C) his studies were double-blind. 
D) he didn't have any experimenter bias.

Question 2

Bonita believes we learn about the mind mainly by using logic and intuition;Miguel believes it would be better to measure the activity of the brain.Bonita is following the philosophy of _____ ,while Miguel is following the philosophy of __________.

Accepted Answer

A) Aristotle;Locke 
B) Plato;Aristotle 
C) Descartes;Plato 
D) James;Locke 
A) Aristotle;Locke 
B) Plato;Aristotle 
C) Descartes;Plato 
D) James;Locke

Question 3

Suppose you encounter construction while driving home.You cannot take your normal route,but have no trouble in determining an alternate route that will get you home.This ability is MOST like the behavior of animals in which researcher's studies?

Accepted Answer

A) John.B.Watson 
B) Edward Tolman 
C) Ivan Pavlov 
D) 
B) F.Skinner 
A) John.B.Watson 
B) Edward Tolman 
C) Ivan Pavlov 
D) 
B) F.Skinner

Question 4

Emily believes that babies learn language simply by being rewarded for making the correct language-like sound in response to something they hear.Her idea about learning language is MOST similar to the ideas of:

Accepted Answer

A) 
B) F.Skinner. 
B) Edward Tolman. 
C) Herbert Simon. 
D) George Miller. 
A) 
B) F.Skinner. 
B) Edward Tolman. 
C) Herbert Simon. 
D) George Miller.

Question 5

Charles Darwin proposed three criteria for traits to evolve through natural selection.Which of the following is an example of the criterion of relevance to survival?

Accepted Answer

A) Giraffe necks can range from short to long across members of the species. 
B) Finch beaks range in shape from thin to thick. 
C) Fawns with camouflaging spots will be protected from predators. 
D) Giraffe neck length is a trait passed from parent to offspring. 
A) Giraffe necks can range from short to long across members of the species. 
B) Finch beaks range in shape from thin to thick. 
C) Fawns with camouflaging spots will be protected from predators. 
D) Giraffe neck length is a trait passed from parent to offspring.

Question 6

Draw a normal distribution showing a distribution of scores on a memory test.Be sure to label both axes.

Accepted Answer

Grading criteria: Bell-shaped

Question 7

In psychological studies,the group that receives the treatment is called the:

Accepted Answer

A) control group. 
B) experimental group. 
C) correlational group. 
D) confound group. 
A) control group. 
B) experimental group. 
C) correlational group. 
D) confound group.

Question 8

Suppose you are trying to learn a list of words.It takes you eight minutes to learn the list the first time you try.You return the next day and study the list again,and find that it takes you only two minutes.How much of a time savings has occurred?

Accepted Answer

A) 25% 
B) 75% 
C) 100% 
D) 125% 
A) 25% 
B) 75% 
C) 100% 
D) 125%

Question 9

Who believed that children are born a "blank slate?"

Accepted Answer

A) Gottfried Leibniz 
B) Plato 
C) John Locke 
D) René Descartes 
A) Gottfried Leibniz 
B) Plato 
C) John Locke 
D) René Descartes

Question 10

René Descartes:

Accepted Answer

A) was an empiricist. 
B) introduced the idea of associationism. 
C) claimed that a newborn's mind was a blank slate. 
D) believed in dualism. 
A) was an empiricist. 
B) introduced the idea of associationism. 
C) claimed that a newborn's mind was a blank slate. 
D) believed in dualism.

Question 11

John Watson's research was:

Accepted Answer

A) admired by both the scientific community and the popular press. 
B) criticized for its cruelty to animals. 
C) rejected by the entire scientific community. 
D) praised for its focus on the inner workings of the mind. 
A) admired by both the scientific community and the popular press. 
B) criticized for its cruelty to animals. 
C) rejected by the entire scientific community. 
D) praised for its focus on the inner workings of the mind.

Question 12

Barry was in a car accident in which he was not wearing a seatbelt.He was not injured,and now,based on this experience,he believes that seatbelts are unnecessary.Barry exhibits the views of:

Accepted Answer

A) empiricism. 
B) nativism. 
C) associationism. 
D) dualism. 
A) empiricism. 
B) nativism. 
C) associationism. 
D) dualism.

Question 13

Mathematical psychology was established by:

Accepted Answer

A) Edward Tolman. 
B) William James. 
C) 
B) F.Skinner. 
D) W)K.Estes. 
A) Edward Tolman. 
B) William James. 
C) 
B) F.Skinner. 
D) W)K.Estes.

Question 14

Which subfield of psychology focuses on human abilities such as thinking,language,and reasoning?

Accepted Answer

A) classical conditioning 
B) neo-behaviorism 
C) cognitive psychology 
D) behaviorism 
A) classical conditioning 
B) neo-behaviorism 
C) cognitive psychology 
D) behaviorism

Question 15

While most bacteria are eliminated by antibiotics,some can possess mutations that are resistant to antibiotics,leading to more drug-resistant strains of bacteria.Such a mutation is an example of which of Charles Darwin's proposed criteria for traits to evolve through natural selection?

Accepted Answer

A) The trait must be inheritable. 
B) The trait must be able to be learned. 
C) The trait must vary. 
D) The trait must make the individual more fit to survive. 
A) The trait must be inheritable. 
B) The trait must be able to be learned. 
C) The trait must vary. 
D) The trait must make the individual more fit to survive.

Question 16

If rats are allowed to freely explore a maze without being given a food reward,and later are put in the maze again with a food reward in the goal box,the rats:

Accepted Answer

A) learn the maze as quickly as rats that have never been exposed to the maze. 
B) learn the maze more quickly than rats that have never been exposed to the maze. 
C) learn the maze more slowly than rats that have never been exposed to the maze. 
D) are unable to learn the maze. 
A) learn the maze as quickly as rats that have never been exposed to the maze. 
B) learn the maze more quickly than rats that have never been exposed to the maze. 
C) learn the maze more slowly than rats that have never been exposed to the maze. 
D) are unable to learn the maze.

Question 17

If experimenters play a very loud buzzer,a rat will be startled.If they repeatedly flash a light before the buzzer is played,the rat will eventually be startled by the light alone.This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A) generalization. 
B) classical conditioning. 
C) the law of effect. 
D) instrumental conditioning. 
A) generalization. 
B) classical conditioning. 
C) the law of effect. 
D) instrumental conditioning.

Question 18

An experimenter is interested in determining whether Drug X will improve people's memories.She administers Drug X to one group and nothing to another group,and then measures how well each group can recall a passage of text.Explain how experimenter bias and subject bias could be problems in this study.How could each problem be overcome?

Accepted Answer

Grading criteria: Experimenter bias--if

Question 19

If you are driven to school by your friend each day,you will probably learn the route and be able to drive it yourself later on,even though you are never rewarded for driving it.This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A) generalization. 
B) latent learning. 
C) the law of effect. 
D) a placebo effect. 
A) generalization. 
B) latent learning. 
C) the law of effect. 
D) a placebo effect.

Question 20

In a distributed representation,information is stored in the:

Accepted Answer

A) pattern of activation across many nodes. 
B) activity of a single node. 
C) comparison of the activity between two nodes. 
D) timing of the activation of two nodes. 
A) pattern of activation across many nodes. 
B) activity of a single node. 
C) comparison of the activity between two nodes. 
D) timing of the activation of two nodes.

That Ebbinghaus served as his own participant was problematic because:

Bonita believes we learn about the mind mainly by using logic and intuition;Miguel believes it would be better to measure the activity of the brain.Bonita is following the philosophy of _ ,while Miguel is following the philosophy of ______.

Suppose you encounter construction while driving home.You cannot take your normal route,but have no trouble in determining an alternate route that will get you home.This ability is MOST like the behavior of animals in which researcher's studies?

Emily believes that babies learn language simply by being rewarded for making the correct language-like sound in response to something they hear.Her idea about learning language is MOST similar to the ideas of:

Charles Darwin proposed three criteria for traits to evolve through natural selection.Which of the following is an example of the criterion of relevance to survival?

Draw a normal distribution showing a distribution of scores on a memory test.Be sure to label both axes.

In psychological studies,the group that receives the treatment is called the:

Suppose you are trying to learn a list of words.It takes you eight minutes to learn the list the first time you try.You return the next day and study the list again,and find that it takes you only two minutes.How much of a time savings has occurred?

Who believed that children are born a "blank slate?"

René Descartes:

John Watson's research was:

Barry was in a car accident in which he was not wearing a seatbelt.He was not injured,and now,based on this experience,he believes that seatbelts are unnecessary.Barry exhibits the views of:

Mathematical psychology was established by:

Which subfield of psychology focuses on human abilities such as thinking,language,and reasoning?

While most bacteria are eliminated by antibiotics,some can possess mutations that are resistant to antibiotics,leading to more drug-resistant strains of bacteria.Such a mutation is an example of which of Charles Darwin's proposed criteria for traits to evolve through natural selection?

If rats are allowed to freely explore a maze without being given a food reward,and later are put in the maze again with a food reward in the goal box,the rats:

If experimenters play a very loud buzzer,a rat will be startled.If they repeatedly flash a light before the buzzer is played,the rat will eventually be startled by the light alone.This is an example of:

If you are driven to school by your friend each day,you will probably learn the route and be able to drive it yourself later on,even though you are never rewarded for driving it.This is an example of:

In a distributed representation,information is stored in the:

The Neuroscience of Learning and Memory

Habituation, Sensitization, and Familiarization: Learning About Repeated Events

Classical Conditioning: Learning to Predict Important Events

Operant Conditioning: Learning the Outcome of Behaviors

Generalization and Discrimination Learning

Episodic and Semantic Memory: Memory for Facts and Events

Skill Memory: Learning by Doing

Working Memory and Cognitive Control

Emotional Influences on Learning and Memory

Social Learning and Memory: Observing, Interacting, and Reenacting

Development and Aging: Learning and Memory Across the Lifespan

Filters

Exam 1: The Psychology of Learning and Memory

That Ebbinghaus served as his own participant was problematic because:

Bonita believes we learn about the mind mainly by using logic and intuition;Miguel believes it would be better to measure the activity of the brain.Bonita is following the philosophy of _____ ,while Miguel is following the philosophy of __________.

Suppose you encounter construction while driving home.You cannot take your normal route,but have no trouble in determining an alternate route that will get you home.This ability is MOST like the behavior of animals in which researcher's studies?

Emily believes that babies learn language simply by being rewarded for making the correct language-like sound in response to something they hear.Her idea about learning language is MOST similar to the ideas of:

Charles Darwin proposed three criteria for traits to evolve through natural selection.Which of the following is an example of the criterion of relevance to survival?

Draw a normal distribution showing a distribution of scores on a memory test.Be sure to label both axes.

In psychological studies,the group that receives the treatment is called the:

Suppose you are trying to learn a list of words.It takes you eight minutes to learn the list the first time you try.You return the next day and study the list again,and find that it takes you only two minutes.How much of a time savings has occurred?

Who believed that children are born a "blank slate?"

René Descartes:

John Watson's research was:

Barry was in a car accident in which he was not wearing a seatbelt.He was not injured,and now,based on this experience,he believes that seatbelts are unnecessary.Barry exhibits the views of:

Mathematical psychology was established by:

Which subfield of psychology focuses on human abilities such as thinking,language,and reasoning?

While most bacteria are eliminated by antibiotics,some can possess mutations that are resistant to antibiotics,leading to more drug-resistant strains of bacteria.Such a mutation is an example of which of Charles Darwin's proposed criteria for traits to evolve through natural selection?

If rats are allowed to freely explore a maze without being given a food reward,and later are put in the maze again with a food reward in the goal box,the rats:

If experimenters play a very loud buzzer,a rat will be startled.If they repeatedly flash a light before the buzzer is played,the rat will eventually be startled by the light alone.This is an example of:

If you are driven to school by your friend each day,you will probably learn the route and be able to drive it yourself later on,even though you are never rewarded for driving it.This is an example of:

In a distributed representation,information is stored in the:

The Neuroscience of Learning and Memory

Habituation, Sensitization, and Familiarization: Learning About Repeated Events

Classical Conditioning: Learning to Predict Important Events

Operant Conditioning: Learning the Outcome of Behaviors

Generalization and Discrimination Learning

Episodic and Semantic Memory: Memory for Facts and Events

Skill Memory: Learning by Doing

Working Memory and Cognitive Control

Emotional Influences on Learning and Memory

Social Learning and Memory: Observing, Interacting, and Reenacting

Development and Aging: Learning and Memory Across the Lifespan

Filters

Bonita believes we learn about the mind mainly by using logic and intuition;Miguel believes it would be better to measure the activity of the brain.Bonita is following the philosophy of _ ,while Miguel is following the philosophy of ______.