Question 1

Identify the five phases of synapse formation in the cerebral cortex of primates as proposed by Bourgeois.

Accepted Answer

Phases 1 and 2 are synapse formation; phase 3 is synapse growth (begins pre-birth); phase 4 is a plateau in growth that is followed by reductions; and phase 5 is a slow decline in synaptic density (experience dependent).

Question 2

How might the developmental course of myelination be related to the maturation of motor skills?

Accepted Answer

In order for the child to engage in motoric behavior, such as crawling or walking, these targets must be reached-meaning both synapses formed and myelination complete for those skills.

Question 3

Use the following to answer questions:
For each researcher(s) listed, select what they are associated with from the list below.
-Piaget ___

Accepted Answer

A) speech lateralization 
B) ocular dominance columns 
C) myelination index 
D) cognitive development 
A) speech lateralization 
B) ocular dominance columns 
C) myelination index 
D) cognitive development D

Question 4

What are the effects on language of early - onset lesions (prior to age 15 years of age) to the left hemisphere, compared with similar lesions in adults (20 years of age and over)?

Accepted Answer

Children sustaining these type

Question 5

Studies examining the outcome of Romanian orphans that were adopted into families after the fall of communism in the 1980s provided what information?

Accepted Answer

Studies examining the outcome of Romania

Question 6

Use the following to answer questions:
There are numerous types of abnormal development of the human brain. For each term listed, select the appropriate alternative from the list below.
-lissencephaly ___

Accepted Answer

A) aborted cell migration of gray matter 
B) absence of cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, and midbrain 
C) failure to form sulci and gyri 
D) single undifferentiated hemisphere 
A) aborted cell migration of gray matter 
B) absence of cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, and midbrain 
C) failure to form sulci and gyri 
D) single undifferentiated hemisphere

Question 7

What evidence from rats indicates that pregnant mothers should have access to stimulating environments?

Accepted Answer

The study by Robbin Gibb demonstrated th

Question 8

Use the following to answer questions:
For each researcher(s) listed, select what they are associated with from the list below.
-Flechsig ___

Accepted Answer

A) speech lateralization 
B) ocular dominance columns 
C) myelination index 
D) cognitive development 
A) speech lateralization 
B) ocular dominance columns 
C) myelination index 
D) cognitive development

Question 9

Use the following to answer questions:
For each researcher(s) listed, select what they are associated with from the list below.
-Rasmussen and Milner ___

Accepted Answer

A) speech lateralization 
B) ocular dominance columns 
C) myelination index 
D) cognitive development 
A) speech lateralization 
B) ocular dominance columns 
C) myelination index 
D) cognitive development

Question 10

What brain abnormalities have been found in children with schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

A 10 percent decrease in corti

Question 11

What are three ways to examine the relationship between neural function and behavioral changes in development? Make sure to mention potential advantages and/or disadvantages of each.

Accepted Answer

The first way is to relate CNS maturatio

Question 12

How is the adolescent brain different from that of a child and that of an adult?

Accepted Answer

The adolescent brain is characterized by

Question 13

What are Piaget's four stages of cognitive development? Briefly characterize each stage.

Accepted Answer

The four stages are 1) sensorimotor: the

Question 14

What is the Kennard principle? Explain why it is good news for infants who suffer early damage.

Accepted Answer

Early cortical lesions (as opposed to le

Question 15

Use the following to answer questions:
For each researcher(s) listed, select what they are associated with from the list below.
-Hubel and Wiesel ___

Accepted Answer

A) speech lateralization 
B) ocular dominance columns 
C) myelination index 
D) cognitive development 
A) speech lateralization 
B) ocular dominance columns 
C) myelination index 
D) cognitive development

Question 16

What are the effects on visual cortical neurons of monocular deprivation during the early life of kittens?

Accepted Answer

The effects of monocular deprivation on

Question 17

What are the three critical age divisions related to the effects of brain lesions on cognitive abilities, and how do they differ?

Accepted Answer

The three age divisions are before 1 yea

Question 18

Use the following to answer questions:
There are numerous types of abnormal development of the human brain. For each term listed, select the appropriate alternative from the list below.
-heterotopia ___

Accepted Answer

A) aborted cell migration of gray matter 
B) absence of cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, and midbrain 
C) failure to form sulci and gyri 
D) single undifferentiated hemisphere 
A) aborted cell migration of gray matter 
B) absence of cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, and midbrain 
C) failure to form sulci and gyri 
D) single undifferentiated hemisphere

Question 19

Use the following to answer questions:
There are numerous types of abnormal development of the human brain. For each term listed, select the appropriate alternative from the list below.
-anencephaly ___

Accepted Answer

A) aborted cell migration of gray matter 
B) absence of cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, and midbrain 
C) failure to form sulci and gyri 
D) single undifferentiated hemisphere 
A) aborted cell migration of gray matter 
B) absence of cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, and midbrain 
C) failure to form sulci and gyri 
D) single undifferentiated hemisphere

Question 20

Discuss the areas of early brain damage most likely to result in (a) no shift in language functions, (b) complete shift of language to the right hemisphere, and (c) shift of posterior speech functions.

Accepted Answer

The anterior aspect of the frontal corte

Exam 23: Extension: B - Brain Development and Plasticity

Identify the five phases of synapse formation in the cerebral cortex of primates as proposed by Bourgeois.

How might the developmental course of myelination be related to the maturation of motor skills?

Use the following to answer questions: For each researcher(s) listed, select what they are associated with from the list below. -Piaget ___

What are the effects on language of early - onset lesions (prior to age 15 years of age) to the left hemisphere, compared with similar lesions in adults (20 years of age and over)?

Studies examining the outcome of Romanian orphans that were adopted into families after the fall of communism in the 1980s provided what information?

Use the following to answer questions: There are numerous types of abnormal development of the human brain. For each term listed, select the appropriate alternative from the list below. -lissencephaly ___

What evidence from rats indicates that pregnant mothers should have access to stimulating environments?

Use the following to answer questions: For each researcher(s) listed, select what they are associated with from the list below. -Flechsig ___

Use the following to answer questions: For each researcher(s) listed, select what they are associated with from the list below. -Rasmussen and Milner ___

What brain abnormalities have been found in children with schizophrenia?

What are three ways to examine the relationship between neural function and behavioral changes in development? Make sure to mention potential advantages and/or disadvantages of each.

How is the adolescent brain different from that of a child and that of an adult?

What are Piaget's four stages of cognitive development? Briefly characterize each stage.

What is the Kennard principle? Explain why it is good news for infants who suffer early damage.

Use the following to answer questions: For each researcher(s) listed, select what they are associated with from the list below. -Hubel and Wiesel ___

What are the effects on visual cortical neurons of monocular deprivation during the early life of kittens?

What are the three critical age divisions related to the effects of brain lesions on cognitive abilities, and how do they differ?

Use the following to answer questions: There are numerous types of abnormal development of the human brain. For each term listed, select the appropriate alternative from the list below. -heterotopia ___

Use the following to answer questions: There are numerous types of abnormal development of the human brain. For each term listed, select the appropriate alternative from the list below. -anencephaly ___

Discuss the areas of early brain damage most likely to result in (a) no shift in language functions, (b) complete shift of language to the right hemisphere, and (c) shift of posterior speech functions.

Extension: A - The Development of Neuropsychology

Extension: B - The Development of Neuropsychology

Extension: C - The Development of Neuropsychology

Extension: A - Research on the Origins of the Human Brain and Behavior

Extension: B - Research on the Origins of the Human Brain and Behavior

Extension: C - Research on the Origins of the Human Brain and Behavior

Extension: A - Nervous System Organization

Extension: B - Nervous System Organization

Extension: C - Nervous System Organization

Extension: A - the Structure and Electrical Activity of Neurons

Extension: B - the Structure and Electrical Activity of Neurons

Extension: C - the Structure and Electrical Activity of Neurons

Extension: A - Communication Between Neurons

Extension: B - Communication Between Neurons

Extension: C - Communication Between Neurons

Extension: A - The Influence of Drugs and Hormones on Behavior

Extension: B - The Influence of Drugs and Hormones on Behavior

Extension: C - The Influence of Drugs and Hormones on Behavior

Extension: A - Imaging the Brains Activity

Extension: B - Imaging the Brains Activity

Extension: C - Imaging the Brains Activity

Extension: A - Organization of the Sensory Systems

Extension: B - Organization of the Sensory Systems

Extension: C - Organization of the Sensory Systems

Extension: A - Organization of the Motor System

Extension: B - Organization of the Motor System

Extension: C - Organization of the Motor System

Extension: A - Principles of Neurocortical Function

Extension: B - Principles of Neurocortical Function

Extension: C - Principles of Neurocortical Function

Extension: A - Cerebral Asymmetry

Extension: B - Cerebral Asymmetry

Extension: C - Cerebral Asymmetry

Extension: A - Variations in Cerebral Asymmetry

Extension: B - Variations in Cerebral Asymmetry

Extension: C - Variations in Cerebral Asymmetry

Extension: A - The Occipital Lobes

Extension: B - The Occipital Lobes

Extension: C - The Occipital Lobes

Extension: A - The Parietal Lobes

Extension: B - The Parietal Lobes

Extension: C - The Parietal Lobes

Extension: A - The Temporal Lobes

Extension: B - The Temporal Lobes

Extension: C - The Temporal Lobes

Extension: A - The Frontal Lobes

Extension: B - The Frontal Lobes

Extension: C - The Frontal Lobes

Extension: A - Cortical Networks and Disconnection Syndromes

Extension: B - Cortical Networks and Disconnection Syndromes

Extension: C - Cortical Networks and Disconnection Syndromes

Extension: A - Learning and Memory

Extension: B - Learning and Memory

Extension: C - Learning and Memory

Extension: A - Language

Extension: B - Language

Extension: C - Language

Extension: A - Emotion and the Social Brain

Extension: B - Emotion and the Social Brain