Question 1

The method of introspection was gradually replaced by behavioral methods because

Accepted Answer

A)  the latter were more objective 
B)  the latter yielded more in depth descriptions of one's personal experience 
C)  introspection required considerable training but no training is required to use behavioral methods 
D)  behavioral methods allowed a closer examination of mental processes 
A)  the latter were more objective 
B)  the latter yielded more in depth descriptions of one's personal experience 
C)  introspection required considerable training but no training is required to use behavioral methods 
D)  behavioral methods allowed a closer examination of mental processes A

Question 2

Which of the following is an example of predicting behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  students with test anxiety should perform better on oral than written tests 
B)  test anxiety results from an early history of school failure 
C)  test anxiety can be reduced through relaxation training 
D)  test anxious subjects left the exam sooner than non-anxious subjects 
A)  students with test anxiety should perform better on oral than written tests 
B)  test anxiety results from an early history of school failure 
C)  test anxiety can be reduced through relaxation training 
D)  test anxious subjects left the exam sooner than non-anxious subjects A

Question 3

Psychology's goal of ________ is accomplished when knowledge about memory is used to help someone improve the ability to recall information.

Accepted Answer

application

Question 4

1. What do the preface to Wundt's Principles of Physiological Psychology and the original constitution of the American Psychological Association have in common?

Accepted Answer

A)  they both defined psychology as the study of behavior 
B)  they both recognized that psychology was a subdivision of philosophy 
C)  they both emphasized the scientific nature of the new psychology 
D)  they both defined psychology as the study of the mind 
A)  they both defined psychology as the study of behavior 
B)  they both recognized that psychology was a subdivision of philosophy 
C)  they both emphasized the scientific nature of the new psychology 
D)  they both defined psychology as the study of the mind

Question 5

To assume that all events have causes is to make the assumption of _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of To assume that all events have causes...

Question 6

What was Peirce's a priori method and how did he criticize it as a way of knowing?

Accepted Answer

Peirce's a priori method was a way of kn

Question 7

Psychologists would conclude that frustration was a cause of aggression if it could be shown that

Accepted Answer

A)  when frustration occurred, aggression also occurred with some regularity 
B)  other explanations for the aggression could be ruled out under the circumstances 
C)  the frustration preceded the aggression 
D)  all of the above 
A)  when frustration occurred, aggression also occurred with some regularity 
B)  other explanations for the aggression could be ruled out under the circumstances 
C)  the frustration preceded the aggression 
D)  all of the above

Question 8

Describe how our experience-blased knowledge of the world can be distorted by the availability heuristic.

Accepted Answer

Our experience-based knowledge of the wo

Question 9

"Is vision necessary for maze learning?" is an example of a(n) __________ question.

Accepted Answer

The answer of "Is vision necessary for maze learning?" is...

Question 10

Fixing belief by relying on ________ occurs when students fail to question their professors.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Fixing belief by relying on ________ occurs...

Question 11

Scientific thinking by psychologists is characterized by all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  they realize that conclusions are tentative and could change depending on future research 
B)  they are most interested in finding answers to the "big" questions (e.g., mind-body) 
C)  they expect claims to be supported by data collected in a systematic fashion 
D)  they assume that behavior has causes that can be discovered using scientific methods 
A)  they realize that conclusions are tentative and could change depending on future research 
B)  they are most interested in finding answers to the "big" questions (e.g., mind-body) 
C)  they expect claims to be supported by data collected in a systematic fashion 
D)  they assume that behavior has causes that can be discovered using scientific methods

Question 12

A research methods course differs from a course in developmental psychology by emphasizing

Accepted Answer

A)  process over content 
B)  content over process 
C)  basic rather than applied research 
D)  applied rather than basic research 
A)  process over content 
B)  content over process 
C)  basic rather than applied research 
D)  applied rather than basic research

Question 13

Introspection fell into disfavor in psychology because introspective descriptions lacked ____________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Introspection fell into disfavor in psychology because...

Question 14

To say that someone is _________ is to say that they only feel confident of an assertion when it is based on empirical data.

Accepted Answer

The answer of To say that someone is _________ is...

Question 15

Which of the following is not an empirical question?

Accepted Answer

A)  Can prayer reduce blood pressure? 
B)  Are prayers regularly answered by God? 
C)  Do college seniors pray for different things than college freshmen? 
D)  none of these are empirical questions - prayer is too private 
A)  Can prayer reduce blood pressure? 
B)  Are prayers regularly answered by God? 
C)  Do college seniors pray for different things than college freshmen? 
D)  none of these are empirical questions - prayer is too private

Question 16

Peirce called the use of logical arguments to fix a belief the _________ method.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Peirce called the use of logical arguments...

Question 17

Empirical questions

Accepted Answer

A)  are answerable with objective data 
B)  cannot be answered via scientific methods 
C)  are best answered through Peirce's a priori method 
D)  can only be answered relying on accounts of personal experiences 
A)  are answerable with objective data 
B)  cannot be answered via scientific methods 
C)  are best answered through Peirce's a priori method 
D)  can only be answered relying on accounts of personal experiences

Question 18

In psychology's history, introspective accounts of mental experiences were eventually replaced by reports of overt behavior. What does this have to do with the concept of objectivity?

Accepted Answer

In the history of psychology, the shift

Question 19

Using phrenology as an example, explain what is meant by the assertion that "pseudoscience sidesteps disproof?"

Accepted Answer

Phrenology is a pseudoscientific belief

Question 20

Which of the following is true about graphology?

Accepted Answer

A)  it relies on anecdotes as supporting evidence 
B)  it reduces complexity to simplicity 
C)  it uses multiple measurements and calculations to appear scientific 
D)  all of the above 
A)  it relies on anecdotes as supporting evidence 
B)  it reduces complexity to simplicity 
C)  it uses multiple measurements and calculations to appear scientific 
D)  all of the above

The method of introspection was gradually replaced by behavioral methods because

Which of the following is an example of predicting behavior?

Psychology's goal of ________ is accomplished when knowledge about memory is used to help someone improve the ability to recall information.

1. What do the preface to Wundt's Principles of Physiological Psychology and the original constitution of the American Psychological Association have in common?

To assume that all events have causes is to make the assumption of _______.

What was Peirce's a priori method and how did he criticize it as a way of knowing?

Psychologists would conclude that frustration was a cause of aggression if it could be shown that

Describe how our experience-blased knowledge of the world can be distorted by the availability heuristic.

"Is vision necessary for maze learning?" is an example of a(n) __________ question.

Fixing belief by relying on ________ occurs when students fail to question their professors.

Scientific thinking by psychologists is characterized by all of the following except

A research methods course differs from a course in developmental psychology by emphasizing

Introspection fell into disfavor in psychology because introspective descriptions lacked ____________.

To say that someone is _________ is to say that they only feel confident of an assertion when it is based on empirical data.

Which of the following is not an empirical question?

Peirce called the use of logical arguments to fix a belief the _________ method.

Empirical questions

In psychology's history, introspective accounts of mental experiences were eventually replaced by reports of overt behavior. What does this have to do with the concept of objectivity?

Using phrenology as an example, explain what is meant by the assertion that "pseudoscience sidesteps disproof?"

Which of the following is true about graphology?

Ethics in Psychological Research

Developing Ideas for Research in Psychology

Measurement, Sampling, and Data Analysis

Introduction to Experimental Research

Control Problems in Experimental Research

Experimental Design 1: Single Factor Designs

Experimental Design II: Factorial Designs

Correlational Research

Quasi-Experimental Designs Applied Research

Small N Designs

Descriptive Research Methods

Filters

Exam 1: Scientific Thinking in Psychology

The method of introspection was gradually replaced by behavioral methods because

Which of the following is an example of predicting behavior?

Psychology's goal of ________ is accomplished when knowledge about memory is used to help someone improve the ability to recall information.

1. What do the preface to Wundt's Principles of Physiological Psychology and the original constitution of the American Psychological Association have in common?

To assume that all events have causes is to make the assumption of _______.

What was Peirce's a priori method and how did he criticize it as a way of knowing?

Psychologists would conclude that frustration was a cause of aggression if it could be shown that

Describe how our experience-blased knowledge of the world can be distorted by the availability heuristic.

"Is vision necessary for maze learning?" is an example of a(n) __________ question.

Fixing belief by relying on ________ occurs when students fail to question their professors.

Scientific thinking by psychologists is characterized by all of the following except

A research methods course differs from a course in developmental psychology by emphasizing

Introspection fell into disfavor in psychology because introspective descriptions lacked ____________.

To say that someone is _________ is to say that they only feel confident of an assertion when it is based on empirical data.

Which of the following is not an empirical question?

Peirce called the use of logical arguments to fix a belief the _________ method.

Empirical questions

In psychology's history, introspective accounts of mental experiences were eventually replaced by reports of overt behavior. What does this have to do with the concept of objectivity?

Using phrenology as an example, explain what is meant by the assertion that "pseudoscience sidesteps disproof?"

Which of the following is true about graphology?

Ethics in Psychological Research

Developing Ideas for Research in Psychology

Measurement, Sampling, and Data Analysis

Introduction to Experimental Research

Control Problems in Experimental Research

Experimental Design 1: Single Factor Designs

Experimental Design II: Factorial Designs

Correlational Research

Quasi-Experimental Designs Applied Research

Small N Designs

Descriptive Research Methods

Filters