Exam 4: Measurement, Sampling, and Data Analysis

On the "Connectedness to Nature" scale, convergent validity was established when it was found that a correlation existed between scores on the scale and

A graph in which each vertical bar corresponds to the frequency of some score is called a

A Type II error occurs when the researcher

If a test has _________, then its scores can be used to estimate what behaviors will occur in the future.

Guéguen and Ciccotti tested whether having a dog present would lead women to provide their phone numbers to inquiring men. In this study, a nominal scale of measurement was used for which variable?

Explain the essential differences between the four scales of measurement. Provide an example of each scale of measurement to illustrate each. Why is it important to be aware of these differences?

The probability of making a Type I error can be determined; it is equal to the __________.

When using a(n) ______ measurement scale, the most that can be said is that one score is greater than another.

Five children are tested for IQ. For which sets of scores will the median and the mode both be the same?

Suppose there are 100 studies that failed to demonstrate an effect of gender on false memories, but 8 studies that showed a gender difference. One may conclude from reading the published studies there is a gender difference, but one may be incorrect due to

Suppose a child in Kim and Spelke's habituation experiment showed a gradual decrease in looking time when shown ten examples of balls rolling down a plane while accelerating. The child then sees (trial 11) a ball rolling down a plane while decelerating. If the child has grasped the concept of gravity, what will happen to the behavior?

The most frequently occurring score in a set of scores is called the ______.

If researchers had found that participants who scored low on the Connectedness to Nature scale also scored high on the NEP (New Ecological Paradigm), serious questions would have been raised about the ___________ of the Connectedness to Nature test.

When phrenologists assessed the trait of "destructiveness" by measuring skull contour, their measurements were

Psychologists generally assume that most personality and IQ tests use a(n) _____ scale.

Five children are tested for IQ and their scores are: 110, 160, 100, 100, 110. What is the best way to describe the central tendency of these scores?

You finish your study, find a significant difference between two groups of scores, but it is later determined that no true difference exists. You have made a(n) ______ error.

In a(n) _______ scale of measurement, it is appropriate to say that someone with a score of 40 has done only half as well as someone with a score of 80.

Researchers often report effect sizes to demonstrate

Which of the following is not an example of a construct?