Exam 9: Correlational Research

A study examining the effects of brain damage on memory, using human subjects,

When examining how certain traits tended to run in families, Galton organized his data into a chart that was in effect the first

Eron and his colleagues were able to show that TV viewing preferences were related to aggressiveness ten years later. What procedure did they use?

Which of the following is true about the presence of a Pearson's r in the results of a study?

Suppose you investigate the relationship between college grades and time spent on Facebook and discover that the correlation is -.71. What does this tell you?

The effects of third variables can be evaluated by using a statistical procedure that involves calculating ________ correlations.

Unlike test-retest reliability, _________ reliability can be determined by administering the test just once.

When comparing shyness scores for twins, a researcher finds a high positive correlation between pairs of twins. What does this correlation by itself mean?

The effect of __________ of one or both of the variables being correlated is to reduce the size of Pearson's r.

A study using a ________ helps to solve the directionality problem.

Children who score high on the K•ABC also score high on both the California Achievement Test and the Iowa Tests of Basic Skills. This indicates that the K•ABC has

A researcher administers several tests, correlates each test with every other test, and looks for tests that cluster together. The researcher is probably performing the preliminary steps of what procedure?

By using a __________ procedure, Eron and his colleagues were able to rule out several potential third variables that might have affected the relationship they found between preference for TV violence and aggressiveness.

John Stuart Mill's method of ________ is essentially the same as the correlational method.

Describe how correlational research can be used to evaluate the quality of a new IQ test (e.g., the K•ABC).

In Eron's study of TV and aggression, the initial correlation between preference for violent TV and later aggressiveness was +.31. Several partial correlations were calculated, to examine the potential effects of third variables. After these factors were statistically controlled, the overall correlation was still about +.30. What did Eron conclude?

Which of the following correlations shows the strongest relationship?

Correlational research is useful for

Which of the following correlations shows the weakest relationship?

Suppose there is a high positive correlation between reading speed and reading comprehension. You suspect that IQ is a potential third variable. You complete a partial correlation procedure and, with IQ controlled statistically, the high correlation between speed and comprehension remains. What do you conclude?