Question 1

Gut-brain peptides are secreted by the brain and target the gastrointestinal tract.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

__________ are short term regulators of appetite,whereas __________ is a long-term regulator.

Accepted Answer

A)  Insulin and cholecystokinin (CCK);peptide YY (PYY) 
B)  Peptide YY (PYY)and insulin;cholecystokinin (CCK) 
C)  Peptide YY (PYY)and cholecystokinin (CCK);insulin 
D)  Leptin and insulin;cholecystokinin (CCK) 
E)  Leptin and insulin;peptide YY (PYY) 
A)  Insulin and cholecystokinin (CCK);peptide YY (PYY) 
B)  Peptide YY (PYY)and insulin;cholecystokinin (CCK) 
C)  Peptide YY (PYY)and cholecystokinin (CCK);insulin 
D)  Leptin and insulin;cholecystokinin (CCK) 
E)  Leptin and insulin;peptide YY (PYY)

Question 3

Which of the following is true regarding body temperature?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oral temperature is a good way to estimate core temperature. 
B)  Adult oral temperature is typically 36.6° to 37.0°C. 
C)  Body temperature is highest in the afternoon. 
D)  Organs in the spinal cavity are at the shell temperature. 
A)  Oral temperature is a good way to estimate core temperature. 
B)  Adult oral temperature is typically 36.6° to 37.0°C. 
C)  Body temperature is highest in the afternoon. 
D)  Organs in the spinal cavity are at the shell temperature.

Question 4

Carbohydrates function as structural components in all of the following except __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  glycolipids 
B)  glycoproteins 
C)  nucleic acids 
D)  amino acids 
E)  ATP 
A)  glycolipids 
B)  glycoproteins 
C)  nucleic acids 
D)  amino acids 
E)  ATP

Question 5

The absorptive state is regulated mainly by insulin,whereas the postabsorptive state is regulated by multiple hormones.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Where is most protein in the body found?

Accepted Answer

A)  In the skeletal system 
B)  In the muscular system 
C)  In the the cardiovascular system 
D)  In the integumentary system 
E)  In the lymphatic system 
A)  In the skeletal system 
B)  In the muscular system 
C)  In the the cardiovascular system 
D)  In the integumentary system 
E)  In the lymphatic system

Question 7

Glycogenesis is stimulated by __________,whereas glycogenolysis is stimulated by __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  insulin;glucagon and epinephrine 
B)  insulin;aldosterone 
C)  growth hormone;glucagon and epinephrine 
D)  growth hormone;cortisol 
E)  growth hormone;insulin 
A)  insulin;glucagon and epinephrine 
B)  insulin;aldosterone 
C)  growth hormone;glucagon and epinephrine 
D)  growth hormone;cortisol 
E)  growth hormone;insulin

Question 8

__________ yield about 4 kcal/g when completely oxidized,whereas __________ yield about 9 kcal/g.

Accepted Answer

A)  Proteins and carbohydrates;fats 
B)  Proteins;fats and carbohydrates 
C)  Fats;carbohydrates and proteins 
D)  Carbohydrates;fats and proteins 
E)  Carbohydrates and fats;proteins 
A)  Proteins and carbohydrates;fats 
B)  Proteins;fats and carbohydrates 
C)  Fats;carbohydrates and proteins 
D)  Carbohydrates;fats and proteins 
E)  Carbohydrates and fats;proteins

Question 9

High-quality __________ proteins are those that provide all the essential amino acids.

Accepted Answer

A)  globular 
B)  fibrous 
C)  net 
D)  incomplete 
E)  complete 
A)  globular 
B)  fibrous 
C)  net 
D)  incomplete 
E)  complete

Question 10

During periods of fasting,why is fat said to have a protein-sparing effect?

Accepted Answer

A)  The body oxidizes its spare protein before it depletes its fat reserves. 
B)  The body metabolizes fats and proteins through the same metabolic pathways. 
C)  The body must have an adequate fat intake in order to absorb and metabolize proteins. 
D)  The body must have an adequate protein intake in order to absorb and metabolize fats. 
E)  The body does not oxidize its proteins unless it has consumed its fat reserves first. 
A)  The body oxidizes its spare protein before it depletes its fat reserves. 
B)  The body metabolizes fats and proteins through the same metabolic pathways. 
C)  The body must have an adequate fat intake in order to absorb and metabolize proteins. 
D)  The body must have an adequate protein intake in order to absorb and metabolize fats. 
E)  The body does not oxidize its proteins unless it has consumed its fat reserves first.

Question 11

Which of the following compounds yields the most ATP per molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glucose 
B)  Pyruvate 
C)  Acetyl-CoA 
D)  Lactate 
E)  Glycogen 
A)  Glucose 
B)  Pyruvate 
C)  Acetyl-CoA 
D)  Lactate 
E)  Glycogen

Question 12

Which of the following is the healthiest ratio of triglycerides?

Accepted Answer

A)  High HDL: low LDL 
B)  High LDL: low HDL 
C)  High LDL: low chylomicron 
D)  High SFA: low HDL 
E)  High chylomicron: low LDL 
A)  High HDL: low LDL 
B)  High LDL: low HDL 
C)  High LDL: low chylomicron 
D)  High SFA: low HDL 
E)  High chylomicron: low LDL

Question 13

Glucose in excess of the body's immediate needs is usually converted to protein.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which of these processes is essential for all of the rest to happen?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glycolysis 
B)  Citric acid cycle 
C)  Lactate reduction 
D)  Electron transport chain 
E)  Anaerobic fermentation 
A)  Glycolysis 
B)  Citric acid cycle 
C)  Lactate reduction 
D)  Electron transport chain 
E)  Anaerobic fermentation

Question 15

Approximately what percentage of the energy in a glucose molecule winds up in ATP with the rest lost as body heat?

Accepted Answer

A)  10 
B)  20 
C)  40 
D)  80 
E)  98 
A)  10 
B)  20 
C)  40 
D)  80 
E)  98

Question 16

Who would you expect to be in a state of negative nitrogen balance?

Accepted Answer

A)  A growing child 
B)  A pregnant woman 
C)  A weightlifter 
D)  A patient with muscle atrophy 
E)  A sprinter 
A)  A growing child 
B)  A pregnant woman 
C)  A weightlifter 
D)  A patient with muscle atrophy 
E)  A sprinter

Question 17

Which of the following is not a major class of nutrients?

Accepted Answer

A)  Water 
B)  Carbohydrates 
C)  Nucleic acids 
D)  Vitamins 
E)  Minerals 
A)  Water 
B)  Carbohydrates 
C)  Nucleic acids 
D)  Vitamins 
E)  Minerals

Question 18

Which of the following is not a function of proteins in the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  Muscle contraction 
B)  Transport of blood lipids 
C)  Maintaining blood viscosity and osmolarity 
D)  Catalyzing enzymatic reactions 
E)  Serving as cofactors for enzymes 
A)  Muscle contraction 
B)  Transport of blood lipids 
C)  Maintaining blood viscosity and osmolarity 
D)  Catalyzing enzymatic reactions 
E)  Serving as cofactors for enzymes

Question 19

__________ happens in the cytoplasm,whereas __________ happens in the mitochondrion.

Accepted Answer

A)  The citric acid (Krebs)cycle;mitochondrial electron-transport 
B)  Aerobic respiration;anaerobic fermentation 
C)  Glycolysis;the citric acid (Krebs)cycle 
D)  Anaerobic fermentation;glycolysis 
E)  Glycolysis;pyruvate reduction 
A)  The citric acid (Krebs)cycle;mitochondrial electron-transport 
B)  Aerobic respiration;anaerobic fermentation 
C)  Glycolysis;the citric acid (Krebs)cycle 
D)  Anaerobic fermentation;glycolysis 
E)  Glycolysis;pyruvate reduction

Question 20

Which of the following is secreted during the postabsorptive state?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gastrin 
B)  Insulin 
C)  Growth hormone 
D)  Cholecystokinin 
E)  Secretin 
A)  Gastrin 
B)  Insulin 
C)  Growth hormone 
D)  Cholecystokinin 
E)  Secretin

Exam 26: Nutrition and Metabolism

Gut-brain peptides are secreted by the brain and target the gastrointestinal tract.

__________ are short term regulators of appetite,whereas __________ is a long-term regulator.

Which of the following is true regarding body temperature?

Carbohydrates function as structural components in all of the following except __________.

The absorptive state is regulated mainly by insulin,whereas the postabsorptive state is regulated by multiple hormones.

Where is most protein in the body found?

Glycogenesis is stimulated by __________,whereas glycogenolysis is stimulated by __________.

__________ yield about 4 kcal/g when completely oxidized,whereas __________ yield about 9 kcal/g.

High-quality __________ proteins are those that provide all the essential amino acids.

During periods of fasting,why is fat said to have a protein-sparing effect?

Which of the following compounds yields the most ATP per molecule?

Which of the following is the healthiest ratio of triglycerides?

Glucose in excess of the body's immediate needs is usually converted to protein.

Which of these processes is essential for all of the rest to happen?

Approximately what percentage of the energy in a glucose molecule winds up in ATP with the rest lost as body heat?

Who would you expect to be in a state of negative nitrogen balance?

Which of the following is not a major class of nutrients?

Which of the following is not a function of proteins in the body?

__________ happens in the cytoplasm,whereas __________ happens in the mitochondrion.

Which of the following is secreted during the postabsorptive state?

Major Themes of Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemistry of Life

Cellular Form and Function

Genetics of Cellular Function

Histology

The Integumentary System

Bone Tissue

The Skeletal System

Joints

The Muscular System

Muscular Tissue

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord,spinal Nerves,and Somatic Reflexes

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

The Autonomic Nervous System and Visceral Reflexes

Sense Organs

The Endocrine System

The Circulatory System: Blood

The Circulatory System: Heart

The Circulatory System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic and Immune Systems

The Respiratory System

The Urinary System

Fluid, electrolyte, and Acidbase Balance

The Digestive System

The Male Reproductive System

The Female Reproductive System

Human Development and Aging

Atlas a General Orientation to Human Anatomy

Filters

are short term regulators of appetite,whereas is a long-term regulator.

Glycogenesis is stimulated by ,whereas glycogenolysis is stimulated by .

yield about 4 kcal/g when completely oxidized,whereas yield about 9 kcal/g.

happens in the cytoplasm,whereas happens in the mitochondrion.