Question 1

Which of the following is not a role of prostaglandins?

Accepted Answer

A)  To induce labor contractions 
B)  To stop fever and pain 
C)  To constrict or dilate arterioles 
D)  To act as vasodilators or vasoconstrictors 
E)  To inhibit gastric secretion 
A)  To induce labor contractions 
B)  To stop fever and pain 
C)  To constrict or dilate arterioles 
D)  To act as vasodilators or vasoconstrictors 
E)  To inhibit gastric secretion

Question 2

Peptide hormones are synthesized by cytoplasmic ribosomes as active enzymes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Which of the following is not a cause of Cushing syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A)  ACTH hypersecretion by the pituitary 
B)  ACTH-secreting tumors 
C)  Hyperactivity of the adrenal cortex 
D)  Hyperactivity of the adrenal medulla 
E)  Excess cortisol secretion 
A)  ACTH hypersecretion by the pituitary 
B)  ACTH-secreting tumors 
C)  Hyperactivity of the adrenal cortex 
D)  Hyperactivity of the adrenal medulla 
E)  Excess cortisol secretion

Question 4

Hormones are normally secreted via ducts into the bloodstream.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The initial response to stress is called the _________ and is mediated mainly by __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  resistance stage;cortisol 
B)  resistance stage;aldosterone and cortisol 
C)  alarm reaction;norepinephrine and epinephrine 
D)  alarm reaction;cortisol 
E)  exhaustion stage;norepinephrine and epinephrine 
A)  resistance stage;cortisol 
B)  resistance stage;aldosterone and cortisol 
C)  alarm reaction;norepinephrine and epinephrine 
D)  alarm reaction;cortisol 
E)  exhaustion stage;norepinephrine and epinephrine

Question 6

Of the following hormones,which has more target cells in the body than the others?

Accepted Answer

A)  Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) 
B)  Corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) 
C)  Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) 
D)  Growth hormone (GH) 
E)  Oxytocin (OT) 
A)  Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) 
B)  Corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) 
C)  Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) 
D)  Growth hormone (GH) 
E)  Oxytocin (OT)

Question 7

During the exhaustion stage of the general adaptation syndrome (stress response),stress overwhelms homeostasis.One characteristic of this stage is that __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  glycogen supplies are depleted 
B)  energy demands are met primarily by fat metabolism 
C)  fermentation is not enough to provide the necessary ATP 
D)  energy demands are met primarily by protein metabolism 
E)  energy demands are met primarily by carbohydrate metabolism 
A)  glycogen supplies are depleted 
B)  energy demands are met primarily by fat metabolism 
C)  fermentation is not enough to provide the necessary ATP 
D)  energy demands are met primarily by protein metabolism 
E)  energy demands are met primarily by carbohydrate metabolism

Question 8

Myxedema is characterized by low metabolic rate,sluggishness,and sleepiness.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following makes it possible for even a small quantity of hormone to have a strong effect on its target cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  Negative feedback inhibition 
B)  The antagonistic effect 
C)  Up-regulation 
D)  Enzyme amplification 
E)  Down-regulation 
A)  Negative feedback inhibition 
B)  The antagonistic effect 
C)  Up-regulation 
D)  Enzyme amplification 
E)  Down-regulation

Question 10

T4 and T3 are __________ hormones that are mainly transported __________ in the blood.

Accepted Answer

A)  monoamine;bound to thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) 
B)  monoamine;unbound (free) 
C)  steroid;bound to transcortin-binding protein (TBP) 
D)  steroid;unbound (free) 
E)  catecholamine;bound to thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) 
A)  monoamine;bound to thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) 
B)  monoamine;unbound (free) 
C)  steroid;bound to transcortin-binding protein (TBP) 
D)  steroid;unbound (free) 
E)  catecholamine;bound to thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG)

Question 11

Which of the following is true regarding endocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

A)  They secrete substances that do not alter the metabolism of their target cells,but have extracellular effects. 
B)  They secrete their products by way of ducts. 
C)  They have an unusually low density of blood capillaries. 
D)  They release their secretions into the blood. 
E)  Their secretions may be released onto the body surface. 
A)  They secrete substances that do not alter the metabolism of their target cells,but have extracellular effects. 
B)  They secrete their products by way of ducts. 
C)  They have an unusually low density of blood capillaries. 
D)  They release their secretions into the blood. 
E)  Their secretions may be released onto the body surface.

Question 12

The absence of iodine in the diet leads to __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  hypoparathyroidism 
B)  hypothyroidism 
C)  hypocalcemia 
D)  hypoglycemia 
E)  hypoxemia 
A)  hypoparathyroidism 
B)  hypothyroidism 
C)  hypocalcemia 
D)  hypoglycemia 
E)  hypoxemia

Question 13

The _________ secretes growth hormone,which is also known as somatotropin.

Accepted Answer

A)  posterior pituitary 
B)  anterior pituitary 
C)  hypothalamus 
D)  thyroid 
E)  thymus 
A)  posterior pituitary 
B)  anterior pituitary 
C)  hypothalamus 
D)  thyroid 
E)  thymus

Question 14

Hormones serve as intracellular messengers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The ___________ can be found as part of the epithalamus,near the superior colliculi of the midbrain.

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothalamus 
B)  pituitary gland 
C)  pineal gland 
D)  hypophysis 
E)  adrenal gland 
A)  hypothalamus 
B)  pituitary gland 
C)  pineal gland 
D)  hypophysis 
E)  adrenal gland

Question 16

Any situation that upsets homeostasis and threatens one's physical or emotional well-being is called __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  stress 
B)  pathology 
C)  disease 
D)  hyperthyroidism 
E)  hirsuitism 
A)  stress 
B)  pathology 
C)  disease 
D)  hyperthyroidism 
E)  hirsuitism

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events leading to the polyuria and dehydration associated with diabetes mellitus?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hyperglycemia → glucose in urine raises osmolarity of tubular fluid → glucose transport maximum exceeded → glucose enters renal tubules → osmotic diuresis 
B)  Hyperglycemia → glucose enters renal tubules → glucose transport maximum exceeded → glucose in urine raises osmolarity of tubular fluid → osmotic diuresis 
C)  Hyperglycemia → glucose enters renal tubules → glucose in urine raises osmolarity of tubular fluid → osmotic diuresis → glucose transport maximum exceeded 
D)  Hyperglycemia → glucose transport maximum exceeded → glucose enters renal tubules → glucose in urine raises osmolarity of tubular fluid → osmotic diuresis 
E)  Osmotic diuresis → glucose enters renal tubules → glucose transport maximum exceeded → glucose in urine raises osmolarity of tubular fluid → hyperglycemia 
A)  Hyperglycemia → glucose in urine raises osmolarity of tubular fluid → glucose transport maximum exceeded → glucose enters renal tubules → osmotic diuresis 
B)  Hyperglycemia → glucose enters renal tubules → glucose transport maximum exceeded → glucose in urine raises osmolarity of tubular fluid → osmotic diuresis 
C)  Hyperglycemia → glucose enters renal tubules → glucose in urine raises osmolarity of tubular fluid → osmotic diuresis → glucose transport maximum exceeded 
D)  Hyperglycemia → glucose transport maximum exceeded → glucose enters renal tubules → glucose in urine raises osmolarity of tubular fluid → osmotic diuresis 
E)  Osmotic diuresis → glucose enters renal tubules → glucose transport maximum exceeded → glucose in urine raises osmolarity of tubular fluid → hyperglycemia

Question 18

The exhaustion stage of the general adaptation syndrome (stress response)sets in only if protein reserves are depleted.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The __________ secretes a hormone that increases the body's metabolic rate,promotes alertness,quickens reflexes,and stimulates the fetal nervous system.

Accepted Answer

A)  thyroid gland 
B)  pancreas 
C)  adrenal gland 
D)  parathyroid gland 
E)  thymus 
A)  thyroid gland 
B)  pancreas 
C)  adrenal gland 
D)  parathyroid gland 
E)  thymus

Question 20

Which of the following organs has both endocrine and exocrine functions?

Accepted Answer

A)  The adrenal gland 
B)  The salivary glands 
C)  The ovary 
D)  The pineal gland 
E)  The thymus 
A)  The adrenal gland 
B)  The salivary glands 
C)  The ovary 
D)  The pineal gland 
E)  The thymus

Exam 17: The Endocrine System

Which of the following is not a role of prostaglandins?

Peptide hormones are synthesized by cytoplasmic ribosomes as active enzymes.

Which of the following is not a cause of Cushing syndrome?

Hormones are normally secreted via ducts into the bloodstream.

The initial response to stress is called the _________ and is mediated mainly by __________.

Of the following hormones,which has more target cells in the body than the others?

During the exhaustion stage of the general adaptation syndrome (stress response),stress overwhelms homeostasis.One characteristic of this stage is that __________.

Myxedema is characterized by low metabolic rate,sluggishness,and sleepiness.

Which of the following makes it possible for even a small quantity of hormone to have a strong effect on its target cell?

T4 and T3 are __________ hormones that are mainly transported __________ in the blood.

Which of the following is true regarding endocrine glands?

The absence of iodine in the diet leads to __________.

The _________ secretes growth hormone,which is also known as somatotropin.

Hormones serve as intracellular messengers.

The ___________ can be found as part of the epithalamus,near the superior colliculi of the midbrain.

Any situation that upsets homeostasis and threatens one's physical or emotional well-being is called __________.

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events leading to the polyuria and dehydration associated with diabetes mellitus?

The exhaustion stage of the general adaptation syndrome (stress response)sets in only if protein reserves are depleted.

The __________ secretes a hormone that increases the body's metabolic rate,promotes alertness,quickens reflexes,and stimulates the fetal nervous system.

Which of the following organs has both endocrine and exocrine functions?

Major Themes of Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemistry of Life

Cellular Form and Function

Genetics of Cellular Function

Histology

The Integumentary System

Bone Tissue

The Skeletal System

Joints

The Muscular System

Muscular Tissue

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord,spinal Nerves,and Somatic Reflexes

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

The Autonomic Nervous System and Visceral Reflexes

Sense Organs

The Circulatory System: Blood

The Circulatory System: Heart

The Circulatory System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic and Immune Systems

The Respiratory System

The Urinary System

Fluid, electrolyte, and Acidbase Balance

The Digestive System

Nutrition and Metabolism

The Male Reproductive System

The Female Reproductive System

Human Development and Aging

Atlas a General Orientation to Human Anatomy

Filters

The initial response to stress is called the _ and is mediated mainly by __.

T₄ and T₃ are hormones that are mainly transported in the blood.