Question 1

Motor commands are carried by __________ from the brain along the spinal cord.

Accepted Answer

A)  both anterior and posterior roots 
B)  ascending tracts 
C)  spinal nerves 
D)  cranial nerves 
E)  descending tracts 
A)  both anterior and posterior roots 
B)  ascending tracts 
C)  spinal nerves 
D)  cranial nerves 
E)  descending tracts

Question 2

The anterior rami of the spinal nerves form nerve plexuses in all regions except the _________ region.

Accepted Answer

A)  thoracic 
B)  cervical 
C)  lumbar 
D)  sacral 
A)  thoracic 
B)  cervical 
C)  lumbar 
D)  sacral

Question 3

Reflex arcs that only use two neurons are called ____________ reflex arcs.

Accepted Answer

A)  ipsilateral 
B)  contralateral 
C)  polysynaptic 
D)  monosynaptic 
E)  autonomic 
A)  ipsilateral 
B)  contralateral 
C)  polysynaptic 
D)  monosynaptic 
E)  autonomic

Question 4

Ascending signals in the spinal cord travel via gray matter,while descending signals travel via white matter.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

You go to the movies after a long day and you begin to nod off as soon as the movie starts.Your head starts to lower a little,but a reflex causes your head to rise.This is called the __________ reflex.

Accepted Answer

A)  tendon 
B)  crossed extension 
C)  withdrawal 
D)  stretch (myotatic) 
E)  flexor (withdrawal) 
A)  tendon 
B)  crossed extension 
C)  withdrawal 
D)  stretch (myotatic) 
E)  flexor (withdrawal)

Question 6

Which of the following groups of muscles has the most muscle spindles?

Accepted Answer

A)  Muscles of the hand 
B)  Muscles of the back 
C)  Muscles of the thigh 
D)  Muscles of the middle-ear 
E)  Muscles of the torso 
A)  Muscles of the hand 
B)  Muscles of the back 
C)  Muscles of the thigh 
D)  Muscles of the middle-ear 
E)  Muscles of the torso

Question 7

The bundle of nerve roots that occupy the vertebral canal from L2 to S5 is called the __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  medullary cone 
B)  cauda equina 
C)  lumbar enlargement 
D)  cervical enlargement 
E)  spinal cord 
A)  medullary cone 
B)  cauda equina 
C)  lumbar enlargement 
D)  cervical enlargement 
E)  spinal cord

Question 8

Which of the following structures is the richest in lipid content?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gray matter 
B)  White matter 
C)  Arachnoid mater 
D)  Dura mater 
E)  Pia mater 
A)  Gray matter 
B)  White matter 
C)  Arachnoid mater 
D)  Dura mater 
E)  Pia mater

Question 9

The spinal cord is vitally important in processing complex information.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which of the following is not considered a region of the spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cervical 
B)  Thoracic 
C)  Lumbar 
D)  Pelvic 
E)  Sacral 
A)  Cervical 
B)  Thoracic 
C)  Lumbar 
D)  Pelvic 
E)  Sacral

Question 11

A typical reflex contains a sensory neuron attached directly to an effector.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Which one of the following best describes the order of a somatic reflex?

Accepted Answer

A)  Somatic receptor → interneuron → afferent nerve fiber → efferent nerve fiber → skeletal muscle 
B)  Somatic receptor → efferent nerve fiber → interneuron → afferent nerve fiber → skeletal muscle 
C)  Somatic receptor → afferent nerve fiber → interneuron → efferent nerve fiber → skeletal muscle 
D)  Somatic receptor → efferent nerve fiber → afferent nerve fiber → interneuron → skeletal muscle 
E)  Somatic receptor → afferent nerve fiber → interneuron → efferent nerve fiber → smooth muscle 
A)  Somatic receptor → interneuron → afferent nerve fiber → efferent nerve fiber → skeletal muscle 
B)  Somatic receptor → efferent nerve fiber → interneuron → afferent nerve fiber → skeletal muscle 
C)  Somatic receptor → afferent nerve fiber → interneuron → efferent nerve fiber → skeletal muscle 
D)  Somatic receptor → efferent nerve fiber → afferent nerve fiber → interneuron → skeletal muscle 
E)  Somatic receptor → afferent nerve fiber → interneuron → efferent nerve fiber → smooth muscle

Question 13

Cerebrospinal fluid fills the space between the __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  dural sheath and dura mater 
B)  dural sheath and vertebral bones 
C)  dura mater and arachnoid mater 
D)  arachnoid mater and pia mater 
E)  dura mater and pia mater 
A)  dural sheath and dura mater 
B)  dural sheath and vertebral bones 
C)  dura mater and arachnoid mater 
D)  arachnoid mater and pia mater 
E)  dura mater and pia mater

Question 14

Most nerves are motor nerves.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Many upper motor neurons synapse with lower motor neurons in the ___________.

Accepted Answer

A)  posterior horn 
B)  anterior horn 
C)  posterior column 
D)  anterior column 
E)  posterior root ganglion 
A)  posterior horn 
B)  anterior horn 
C)  posterior column 
D)  anterior column 
E)  posterior root ganglion

Question 16

The signals that control your handwriting travel down the spinal cord in the _________ tracts.

Accepted Answer

A)  tectospinal 
B)  corticospinal 
C)  lateral vestibulospinal 
D)  medial vestibulospinal 
E)  spinocerebellar 
A)  tectospinal 
B)  corticospinal 
C)  lateral vestibulospinal 
D)  medial vestibulospinal 
E)  spinocerebellar

Question 17

The tendon reflex is the inhibition of a muscle's contraction that occurs when its tendon is excessively stretched.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Eyes and ears are innervated by _________ fibers.

Accepted Answer

A)  white 
B)  visceral 
C)  somatic 
D)  special 
E)  general 
A)  white 
B)  visceral 
C)  somatic 
D)  special 
E)  general

Question 19

Tendon organs are __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  chemoreceptors 
B)  visceral receptors 
C)  proprioceptors 
D)  pain receptors 
E)  nociceptors 
A)  chemoreceptors 
B)  visceral receptors 
C)  proprioceptors 
D)  pain receptors 
E)  nociceptors

Question 20

Epidural anesthesia is introduced to the epidural space between the __________ to block pain signals during pregnancy.

Accepted Answer

A)  dural sheath and dura mater 
B)  dural sheath and vertebral bones 
C)  dura mater and arachnoid mater 
D)  arachnoid mater and pia mater 
E)  dura mater and pia mater 
A)  dural sheath and dura mater 
B)  dural sheath and vertebral bones 
C)  dura mater and arachnoid mater 
D)  arachnoid mater and pia mater 
E)  dura mater and pia mater

Exam 13: The Spinal Cord,spinal Nerves,and Somatic Reflexes

Motor commands are carried by __________ from the brain along the spinal cord.

The anterior rami of the spinal nerves form nerve plexuses in all regions except the _________ region.

Reflex arcs that only use two neurons are called ____________ reflex arcs.

Ascending signals in the spinal cord travel via gray matter,while descending signals travel via white matter.

You go to the movies after a long day and you begin to nod off as soon as the movie starts.Your head starts to lower a little,but a reflex causes your head to rise.This is called the __________ reflex.

Which of the following groups of muscles has the most muscle spindles?

The bundle of nerve roots that occupy the vertebral canal from L2 to S5 is called the __________.

Which of the following structures is the richest in lipid content?

The spinal cord is vitally important in processing complex information.

Which of the following is not considered a region of the spinal cord?

A typical reflex contains a sensory neuron attached directly to an effector.

Which one of the following best describes the order of a somatic reflex?

Cerebrospinal fluid fills the space between the __________.

Most nerves are motor nerves.

Many upper motor neurons synapse with lower motor neurons in the ___________.

The signals that control your handwriting travel down the spinal cord in the _________ tracts.

The tendon reflex is the inhibition of a muscle's contraction that occurs when its tendon is excessively stretched.

Eyes and ears are innervated by _________ fibers.

Tendon organs are __________.

Epidural anesthesia is introduced to the epidural space between the __________ to block pain signals during pregnancy.

Major Themes of Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemistry of Life

Cellular Form and Function

Genetics of Cellular Function

Histology

The Integumentary System

Bone Tissue

The Skeletal System

Joints

The Muscular System

Muscular Tissue

Nervous Tissue

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

The Autonomic Nervous System and Visceral Reflexes

Sense Organs

The Endocrine System

The Circulatory System: Blood

The Circulatory System: Heart

The Circulatory System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic and Immune Systems

The Respiratory System

The Urinary System

Fluid, electrolyte, and Acidbase Balance

The Digestive System

Nutrition and Metabolism

The Male Reproductive System

The Female Reproductive System

Human Development and Aging

Atlas a General Orientation to Human Anatomy

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