Question 1

Which of the following is an example of cells that normally do not divide being stimulated to divide?

Accepted Answer

A)  Platelets that accumulate at a wound secrete platelet-derived growth factor, which stimulates adjacent skin cells to divide. 
B)  Interleukins stimulate immature bone marrow cells to divide and create new red blood cells. 
C)  A chemotherapeutic agent stimulates healthy cells to grow and choke off a tumor. 
D)  Cyclin-Cdk's stimulate the division of precursor cells of white blood cells. 
E)  Both a and b 
A)  Platelets that accumulate at a wound secrete platelet-derived growth factor, which stimulates adjacent skin cells to divide. 
B)  Interleukins stimulate immature bone marrow cells to divide and create new red blood cells. 
C)  A chemotherapeutic agent stimulates healthy cells to grow and choke off a tumor. 
D)  Cyclin-Cdk's stimulate the division of precursor cells of white blood cells. 
E)  Both a and b

Question 2

The four haploid nuclei found at the end of meiosis differ from one another in their exact genetic composition.Some of this difference is the result of

Accepted Answer

A)  cytokinesis. 
B)  replication of DNA during the S phase. 
C)  separation of sister chromatids at anaphase II. 
D)  spindle formation. 
E)  crossing over during prophase I. 
A)  cytokinesis. 
B)  replication of DNA during the S phase. 
C)  separation of sister chromatids at anaphase II. 
D)  spindle formation. 
E)  crossing over during prophase I.

Question 3

If a bacterial colony is grown in a medium rich in the sugar fructose, cell division proceeds rapidly and the colony grows steadily.If the fructose concentration drops, cell division slows, and if fructose is restored, cell division resumes.Fructose is thus a _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If a bacterial colony is grown in...

Question 4

Evidence from yeast suggests that the maturation-promoting factor of sea urchins is

Accepted Answer

A)  a cyclin. 
B)  p21. 
C)  RB. 
D)  a Cdk. 
E)  a Cdk-cyclin phosphatase. 
A)  a cyclin. 
B)  p21. 
C)  RB. 
D)  a Cdk. 
E)  a Cdk-cyclin phosphatase.

Question 5

How does the process of cell division differ in prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells? Which elements are the same?

Accepted Answer

All cells divide by replicating their DN

Question 6

Apoptosis

Accepted Answer

A)  occurs only in animals. 
B)  is triggered solely by signals external to the cell. 
C)  occurs only during development. 
D)  is similar to necrosis. 
E)  is controlled by signal transduction pathways. 
A)  occurs only in animals. 
B)  is triggered solely by signals external to the cell. 
C)  occurs only during development. 
D)  is similar to necrosis. 
E)  is controlled by signal transduction pathways.

Question 7

The pairing of homologous chromosomes in meiosis is called _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The pairing of homologous chromosomes in meiosis...

Question 8

Cells that do not divide are usually arrested in

Accepted Answer

A)  S. 
B)  G1. 
C)  G2. 
D)  M. 
E)  prophase. 
A)  S. 
B)  G1. 
C)  G2. 
D)  M. 
E)  prophase.

Question 9

Imagine that there is a mutation in the Cdk gene such that its gene product is nonfunctional.What effect would this mutation have on a mammalian white blood cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  The cell would not be able to replicate its DNA. 
B)  The cell would not be able to enter mitosis. 
C)  The cell would not be able to reproduce itself. 
D)  The cell would not be able to phosphorylate the associated target protein. 
E)  All of the above 
A)  The cell would not be able to replicate its DNA. 
B)  The cell would not be able to enter mitosis. 
C)  The cell would not be able to reproduce itself. 
D)  The cell would not be able to phosphorylate the associated target protein. 
E)  All of the above

Question 10

Organisms of a species of fern have both a multicellular haploid and a multicellular diploid phase.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  asexual reproduction. 
B)  independent assortment. 
C)  alternation of generations. 
D)  a haplontic life cycle. 
E)  a diplontic life cycle. 
A)  asexual reproduction. 
B)  independent assortment. 
C)  alternation of generations. 
D)  a haplontic life cycle. 
E)  a diplontic life cycle.

Question 11

The basic structure of chromatin has sometimes been referred to as beads on a string of DNA.These "beads" are called

Accepted Answer

A)  chromosomes. 
B)  chromatids. 
C)  supercoils. 
D)  interphases. 
E)  nucleosomes. 
A)  chromosomes. 
B)  chromatids. 
C)  supercoils. 
D)  interphases. 
E)  nucleosomes.

Question 12

A triploid plant has

Accepted Answer

A)  one extra chromosome. 
B)  one extra set of chromosomes. 
C)  three chromosomes. 
D)  three times the chance of surviving that a monoploid has. 
E)  None of the above 
A)  one extra chromosome. 
B)  one extra set of chromosomes. 
C)  three chromosomes. 
D)  three times the chance of surviving that a monoploid has. 
E)  None of the above

Question 13

You have discovered two very different-looking plants, which actually turn out to be of the same species as determined by comparison of the genome sequences.Which is the best explanation for this apparent paradox?

Accepted Answer

A)  A single mutation in one has caused a completely different morphology. 
B)  The organism has a haplontic life cycle. 
C)  The organism exhibits alternation of generations. 
D)  The organism has a diplontic life cycle. 
E)  One is male and one is female. 
A)  A single mutation in one has caused a completely different morphology. 
B)  The organism has a haplontic life cycle. 
C)  The organism exhibits alternation of generations. 
D)  The organism has a diplontic life cycle. 
E)  One is male and one is female.

Question 14

The second meiotic division of meiosis

Accepted Answer

A)  returns the chromosome number to diploid before fertilization. 
B)  allows for crossing over and random distribution of chromosomes. 
C)  reduces cell size by dividing the cytoplasm in half. 
D)  prevents chromosome copies from doubling at each fertilization. 
E)  is a step required for fertilization to take place. 
A)  returns the chromosome number to diploid before fertilization. 
B)  allows for crossing over and random distribution of chromosomes. 
C)  reduces cell size by dividing the cytoplasm in half. 
D)  prevents chromosome copies from doubling at each fertilization. 
E)  is a step required for fertilization to take place.

Question 15

The distribution of mitochondria between the daughter cells during cytokinesis

Accepted Answer

A)  is unequal. 
B)  is directed by the mitotic spindle. 
C)  is directed by the centrioles. 
D)  results in the mitochondria remaining in the parent cell. 
E)  occurs only during meiosis. 
A)  is unequal. 
B)  is directed by the mitotic spindle. 
C)  is directed by the centrioles. 
D)  results in the mitochondria remaining in the parent cell. 
E)  occurs only during meiosis.

Question 16

During mitotic anaphase, chromosomes migrate

Accepted Answer

A)  from the poles of the cell toward the equatorial plate. 
B)  from the equatorial plate toward the poles. 
C)  toward the nuclear envelope. 
D)  along with their sister chromatids toward one pole. 
E)  along with the other member of the homologous pair toward the equatorial plate. 
A)  from the poles of the cell toward the equatorial plate. 
B)  from the equatorial plate toward the poles. 
C)  toward the nuclear envelope. 
D)  along with their sister chromatids toward one pole. 
E)  along with the other member of the homologous pair toward the equatorial plate.

Question 17

Chromatin condenses to form discrete, visible chromosomes

Accepted Answer

A)  early in G1. 
B)  during S. 
C)  during metaphase. 
D)  during prophase. 
E)  at the end of cytokinesis. 
A)  early in G1. 
B)  during S. 
C)  during metaphase. 
D)  during prophase. 
E)  at the end of cytokinesis.

Question 18

Microtubules that form the mitotic spindle tend to originate from or terminate in

Accepted Answer

A)  centromeres and telomeres. 
B)  euchromatin. 
C)  centrioles and telomeres. 
D)  the nuclear envelope. 
E)  centrioles and kinetochores. 
A)  centromeres and telomeres. 
B)  euchromatin. 
C)  centrioles and telomeres. 
D)  the nuclear envelope. 
E)  centrioles and kinetochores.

Question 19

Which process is most nearly the opposite of meiosis in terms of effects on the number of chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mitosis 
B)  Asexual reproduction 
C)  Alternation of generations 
D)  Independent assortment 
E)  Fertilization 
A)  Mitosis 
B)  Asexual reproduction 
C)  Alternation of generations 
D)  Independent assortment 
E)  Fertilization

Question 20

Increased expression of the gene FY3 leads to increased risk of cancer.Thus, FY3 is likely a(n) _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Increased expression of the gene FY3 leads...

Exam 11: The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Which of the following is an example of cells that normally do not divide being stimulated to divide?

The four haploid nuclei found at the end of meiosis differ from one another in their exact genetic composition.Some of this difference is the result of

If a bacterial colony is grown in a medium rich in the sugar fructose, cell division proceeds rapidly and the colony grows steadily.If the fructose concentration drops, cell division slows, and if fructose is restored, cell division resumes.Fructose is thus a _______.

Evidence from yeast suggests that the maturation-promoting factor of sea urchins is

How does the process of cell division differ in prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells? Which elements are the same?

Apoptosis

The pairing of homologous chromosomes in meiosis is called _______.

Cells that do not divide are usually arrested in

Imagine that there is a mutation in the Cdk gene such that its gene product is nonfunctional.What effect would this mutation have on a mammalian white blood cell?

Organisms of a species of fern have both a multicellular haploid and a multicellular diploid phase.This is an example of

The basic structure of chromatin has sometimes been referred to as beads on a string of DNA.These "beads" are called

A triploid plant has

You have discovered two very different-looking plants, which actually turn out to be of the same species as determined by comparison of the genome sequences.Which is the best explanation for this apparent paradox?

The second meiotic division of meiosis

The distribution of mitochondria between the daughter cells during cytokinesis

During mitotic anaphase, chromosomes migrate

Chromatin condenses to form discrete, visible chromosomes

Microtubules that form the mitotic spindle tend to originate from or terminate in

Which process is most nearly the opposite of meiosis in terms of effects on the number of chromosomes?

Increased expression of the gene FY3 leads to increased risk of cancer.Thus, FY3 is likely a(n) _______.

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Communication and Multicellularity

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinant Dna and Biotechnology

Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Glia, and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Functions

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange

Circulatory Systems

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen Excretion

Animal Behavior

The Physical Environment and Biogeography of Life

Populations

Species Interactions

Communities

Ecosystems

A Changing Biosphere

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