Question 1

The________ states that a weak synapse will be strengthened if its activation occurs at the same time that the postsynaptic neuron fires.

Accepted Answer

A)  perforant path hypothesis 
B)  law of effect 
C)  all-or-none principle 
D)  Hebb rule 
E)  law of summation 
A)  perforant path hypothesis 
B)  law of effect 
C)  all-or-none principle 
D)  Hebb rule 
E)  law of summation

Question 2

Amnesia for events that occur after some disturbance to the brain is called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Amnesia for events that occur after some...

Question 3

Which of the following was a spared memory ability for Patient H.M. after his brain damage?

Accepted Answer

A)  recall of memories for events prior to 1953 
B)  recall of events that occurred after 1953 
C)  ability to learn new information 
D)  the capacity to form new memories 
E)  the capacity to transform short-term memories into long-term memories 
A)  recall of memories for events prior to 1953 
B)  recall of events that occurred after 1953 
C)  ability to learn new information 
D)  the capacity to form new memories 
E)  the capacity to transform short-term memories into long-term memories

Question 4

Associative long-term potentiation requires ________ occur about the same time as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  activation of a strong input to a given synapse to; a weak input is activated 
B)  that a single electrical pulse; a recording is made of the presynaptic axon 
C)  that a conditional stimulus; a reinforcing stimulus 
D)  that a reinforcing stimulus; a response 
E)  that a low-frequency train of electrical pulse; the postsynaptic neuron is hyperpolarized 
A)  activation of a strong input to a given synapse to; a weak input is activated 
B)  that a single electrical pulse; a recording is made of the presynaptic axon 
C)  that a conditional stimulus; a reinforcing stimulus 
D)  that a reinforcing stimulus; a response 
E)  that a low-frequency train of electrical pulse; the postsynaptic neuron is hyperpolarized

Question 5

The MT/MST region of the visual association cortex is key for the

Accepted Answer

A)  perception of color. 
B)  perception of movement. 
C)  activation of visual memory. 
D)  recognition of object identity. 
E)  recall of emotional memories. 
A)  perception of color. 
B)  perception of movement. 
C)  activation of visual memory. 
D)  recognition of object identity. 
E)  recall of emotional memories.

Question 6

Your ability to recall a series of events you have witnessed is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  serial memory. 
B)  spatial learning. 
C)  perceptual learning. 
D)  episodic learning. 
E)  observational learning. 
A)  serial memory. 
B)  spatial learning. 
C)  perceptual learning. 
D)  episodic learning. 
E)  observational learning.

Question 7

Which of the following is an outcome related to the discovery by Olds and Milner of "pleasure centers" in the brain?

Accepted Answer

A)  Their discovery was mostly ignored by other scientists. 
B)  Drugs of abuse appear to act via the same circuits discovered by Olds and Milner. 
C)  Federal authorities routinely use pleasurable stimulation to control the behavior of unruly citizens. 
D)  Male rats were found to prefer copulation over electrical brain stimulation. 
E)  The rewarding effects of electrical stimulation waned within minutes, resulting in extinction of bar pressing for such stimulation. 
A)  Their discovery was mostly ignored by other scientists. 
B)  Drugs of abuse appear to act via the same circuits discovered by Olds and Milner. 
C)  Federal authorities routinely use pleasurable stimulation to control the behavior of unruly citizens. 
D)  Male rats were found to prefer copulation over electrical brain stimulation. 
E)  The rewarding effects of electrical stimulation waned within minutes, resulting in extinction of bar pressing for such stimulation.

Question 8

The perforant pathway

Accepted Answer

A)  interconnects the CA1 and CA3 fields of the hippocampus. 
B)  interconnects the entorhinal cortex with the granule cells of the dentate gyrus. 
C)  is the major output of the hippocampus. 
D)  is another name for the fornix. 
E)  interconnects the granule cells of the dentate gyrus with the amygdala. 
A)  interconnects the CA1 and CA3 fields of the hippocampus. 
B)  interconnects the entorhinal cortex with the granule cells of the dentate gyrus. 
C)  is the major output of the hippocampus. 
D)  is another name for the fornix. 
E)  interconnects the granule cells of the dentate gyrus with the amygdala.

Question 9

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can disrupt neural circuits in awake humans. The notion that short-term memory (STM) for a visual stimulus involves continued activation of the appropriate visual association cortex is supported by studies in which

Accepted Answer

A)  TMS applied to the ventral stream disrupted STM for a visual location. 
B)  TMS can be used to elicit perceptual memories. 
C)  TMS applied to the ventral stream disrupted STM for a visual pattern. 
D)  global amnesia is noted after chronic TMS in depressed humans. 
E)  TMS of the motor cortex disrupts visual STM. 
A)  TMS applied to the ventral stream disrupted STM for a visual location. 
B)  TMS can be used to elicit perceptual memories. 
C)  TMS applied to the ventral stream disrupted STM for a visual pattern. 
D)  global amnesia is noted after chronic TMS in depressed humans. 
E)  TMS of the motor cortex disrupts visual STM.

Question 10

The pyramidal cells of hippocampal field CA1 are unique in that

Accepted Answer

A)  axon firing results in action potentials along the dendrites. 
B)  dendrite depolarization results in action potentials in the axon. 
C)  the dendritic spikes are always hyperpolarizations. 
D)  the threshold of activation of the pyramidal cell is quite low. 
E)  these cells do not conduct action potentials. 
A)  axon firing results in action potentials along the dendrites. 
B)  dendrite depolarization results in action potentials in the axon. 
C)  the dendritic spikes are always hyperpolarizations. 
D)  the threshold of activation of the pyramidal cell is quite low. 
E)  these cells do not conduct action potentials.

Question 11

________ involves the modification of the nervous system by experiences.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ involves the modification of the nervous...

Question 12

________ learning involves the recognition of particular stimuli or categories of stimuli.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ learning involves the recognition of particular...

Question 13

People with retrograde amnesia cannot

Accepted Answer

A)  remember stressful or traumatic events. 
B)  recall childhood experiences. 
C)  learn new information. 
D)  transform their short-term memories into long-term memories. 
E)  recall events that occurred prior to the brain injury. 
A)  remember stressful or traumatic events. 
B)  recall childhood experiences. 
C)  learn new information. 
D)  transform their short-term memories into long-term memories. 
E)  recall events that occurred prior to the brain injury.

Question 14

Which of the following terms are synonymous?

Accepted Answer

A)  nondeclarative memory; explicit memory 
B)  declarative memory; explicit memory 
C)  immediate memory; long-term memory 
D)  declarative memory; implicit memory 
E)  Hebbian memory; consolidation 
A)  nondeclarative memory; explicit memory 
B)  declarative memory; explicit memory 
C)  immediate memory; long-term memory 
D)  declarative memory; implicit memory 
E)  Hebbian memory; consolidation

Question 15

Explain how relational learning is distinct from other forms of learning and explain the role of the hippocampus in relational learning.

Accepted Answer

Damage to the hippocampus does not alter

Question 16

Inactivation of type II calcium calmodulin kinase would be expected to

Accepted Answer

A)  facilitate the production of long-term potentiation. 
B)  promote the formation of new memories. 
C)  block the entry of calcium into the postsynaptic cell. 
D)  block the formation of long-term potentiation. 
E)  promote the creation of new NMDA receptors. 
A)  facilitate the production of long-term potentiation. 
B)  promote the formation of new memories. 
C)  block the entry of calcium into the postsynaptic cell. 
D)  block the formation of long-term potentiation. 
E)  promote the creation of new NMDA receptors.

Question 17

A key structural change that accompanies long-term potentiation is the

Accepted Answer

A)  decreased size of dendritic spines. 
B)  projection of a spinule into the presynaptic element 
C)  formation of two segments of axon 
D)  formation of new synaptic contacts. 
E)  loss of synaptic contacts. 
A)  decreased size of dendritic spines. 
B)  projection of a spinule into the presynaptic element 
C)  formation of two segments of axon 
D)  formation of new synaptic contacts. 
E)  loss of synaptic contacts.

Question 18

Induction of long-term potentiation involves activation of receptors for ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Induction of long-term potentiation involves activation of...

Question 19

Long-term potentiation is associated with the movement of ________ to the _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  NMDA receptors; tip of dendritic spines 
B)  AMPA receptors; base of dendritic spines 
C)  AMPA receptors; tip of dendritic spines 
D)  NMDA receptors; base of dendritic spines 
E)  Kappa receptors; base of dendritic spines 
A)  NMDA receptors; tip of dendritic spines 
B)  AMPA receptors; base of dendritic spines 
C)  AMPA receptors; tip of dendritic spines 
D)  NMDA receptors; base of dendritic spines 
E)  Kappa receptors; base of dendritic spines

Question 20

The ________ pathway interconnects the entorhinal cortex with the granule cells of the dentate gyrus.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ________ pathway interconnects the entorhinal cortex...

The________ states that a weak synapse will be strengthened if its activation occurs at the same time that the postsynaptic neuron fires.

Amnesia for events that occur after some disturbance to the brain is called ________.

Which of the following was a spared memory ability for Patient H.M. after his brain damage?

Associative long-term potentiation requires occur about the same time as .

The MT/MST region of the visual association cortex is key for the

Your ability to recall a series of events you have witnessed is referred to as

Which of the following is an outcome related to the discovery by Olds and Milner of "pleasure centers" in the brain?

The perforant pathway

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can disrupt neural circuits in awake humans. The notion that short-term memory (STM) for a visual stimulus involves continued activation of the appropriate visual association cortex is supported by studies in which

The pyramidal cells of hippocampal field CA1 are unique in that

________ involves the modification of the nervous system by experiences.

________ learning involves the recognition of particular stimuli or categories of stimuli.

People with retrograde amnesia cannot

Which of the following terms are synonymous?

Explain how relational learning is distinct from other forms of learning and explain the role of the hippocampus in relational learning.

Inactivation of type II calcium calmodulin kinase would be expected to

A key structural change that accompanies long-term potentiation is the

Induction of long-term potentiation involves activation of receptors for ________.

Long-term potentiation is associated with the movement of __ to the _.

The ________ pathway interconnects the entorhinal cortex with the granule cells of the dentate gyrus.

Introduction

Structure and Function of Cells of the Nervous System

Structure of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Methods and Strategies of Research

Vision

Audition, the Body Senses, and the Chemical Senses

Control of Movement

Sleep and Biological Rhythms

Reproductive Behavior

Emotion

Ingestive Behavior

Human Communication

Neurological Disorders

Schizophrenia and the Affective Disorders

Anxiety Disorders, Autistic Disorder, Attention-Deficithyperactivity Disorder, and Stress Disorders

Drug Abuse

Filters

Exam 13: Learning and Memory

The________ states that a weak synapse will be strengthened if its activation occurs at the same time that the postsynaptic neuron fires.

Amnesia for events that occur after some disturbance to the brain is called ________.

Which of the following was a spared memory ability for Patient H.M. after his brain damage?

Associative long-term potentiation requires ________ occur about the same time as ________.

The MT/MST region of the visual association cortex is key for the

Your ability to recall a series of events you have witnessed is referred to as

Which of the following is an outcome related to the discovery by Olds and Milner of "pleasure centers" in the brain?

The perforant pathway

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can disrupt neural circuits in awake humans. The notion that short-term memory (STM) for a visual stimulus involves continued activation of the appropriate visual association cortex is supported by studies in which

The pyramidal cells of hippocampal field CA1 are unique in that

________ involves the modification of the nervous system by experiences.

________ learning involves the recognition of particular stimuli or categories of stimuli.

People with retrograde amnesia cannot

Which of the following terms are synonymous?

Explain how relational learning is distinct from other forms of learning and explain the role of the hippocampus in relational learning.

Inactivation of type II calcium calmodulin kinase would be expected to

A key structural change that accompanies long-term potentiation is the

Induction of long-term potentiation involves activation of receptors for ________.

Long-term potentiation is associated with the movement of ________ to the _______.

The ________ pathway interconnects the entorhinal cortex with the granule cells of the dentate gyrus.

Introduction

Structure and Function of Cells of the Nervous System

Structure of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Methods and Strategies of Research

Vision

Audition, the Body Senses, and the Chemical Senses

Control of Movement

Sleep and Biological Rhythms

Reproductive Behavior

Emotion

Ingestive Behavior

Human Communication

Neurological Disorders

Schizophrenia and the Affective Disorders

Anxiety Disorders, Autistic Disorder, Attention-Deficithyperactivity Disorder, and Stress Disorders

Drug Abuse

Filters

Associative long-term potentiation requires occur about the same time as .

Long-term potentiation is associated with the movement of __ to the _.