Question 1

The _______ mediates the inflammatory reaction that follows brain damage.

Accepted Answer

A)  Schwann cell 
B)  phagocyte 
C)  dendrocyte 
D)  astrocyte 
E)  microglia 
A)  Schwann cell 
B)  phagocyte 
C)  dendrocyte 
D)  astrocyte 
E)  microglia E

Question 2

Which of the following is true of Schwann cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Schwann cells provide myelin for peripheral nerve cells. 
B)  Schwann cells are found within the brain. 
C)  A single Schwann cell wraps multiple segments around a peripheral nerve cell. 
D)  A single Schwann cells can myelinate up to 50 segments of axon membrane. 
E)  Schwann cells remove the cellular debris left by dead neurons in brain. 
A)  Schwann cells provide myelin for peripheral nerve cells. 
B)  Schwann cells are found within the brain. 
C)  A single Schwann cell wraps multiple segments around a peripheral nerve cell. 
D)  A single Schwann cells can myelinate up to 50 segments of axon membrane. 
E)  Schwann cells remove the cellular debris left by dead neurons in brain. A

Question 3

The difference in electrical charge between the inside and the outside of the axon membrane is defined as the _______ potential.

Accepted Answer

A)  membrane 
B)  local 
C)  glial 
D)  action 
E)  axon 
A)  membrane 
B)  local 
C)  glial 
D)  action 
E)  axon A

Question 4

An EPSP will be produced when a ligand

Accepted Answer

A)  opens a sodium channel. 
B)  closes a sodium channel. 
C)  opens a potassium channel. 
D)  closes a calcium channel. 
E)  closes a chloride channel. 
A)  opens a sodium channel. 
B)  closes a sodium channel. 
C)  opens a potassium channel. 
D)  closes a calcium channel. 
E)  closes a chloride channel.

Question 5

The membrane of a nerve cell is comprised of

Accepted Answer

A)  protein molecules. 
B)  vesicle remnants. 
C)  a double layer of lipid molecules. 
D)  cytoplasm. 
E)  a single layer of lipid molecules interfaced with a layer of protein molecules. 
A)  protein molecules. 
B)  vesicle remnants. 
C)  a double layer of lipid molecules. 
D)  cytoplasm. 
E)  a single layer of lipid molecules interfaced with a layer of protein molecules.

Question 6

_______ are negatively charged particles.

Accepted Answer

A)  Transmitters 
B)  Solvents 
C)  Electrolytes 
D)  Cations 
E)  Anions 
A)  Transmitters 
B)  Solvents 
C)  Electrolytes 
D)  Cations 
E)  Anions

Question 7

Placing neurons and their synaptic contacts into a medium containing no calcium ions would be expected to

Accepted Answer

A)  decrease the time required to move sodium ions out of the axon terminal. 
B)  enhance the voltage changes associated with the action potential. 
C)  increase the number of transmitter molecules released from the axon terminal. 
D)  prolong the refractory period of the action potential. 
E)  prevent the release of neurotransmitter into the synapse. 
A)  decrease the time required to move sodium ions out of the axon terminal. 
B)  enhance the voltage changes associated with the action potential. 
C)  increase the number of transmitter molecules released from the axon terminal. 
D)  prolong the refractory period of the action potential. 
E)  prevent the release of neurotransmitter into the synapse.

Question 8

The process by which similarly charged particles repel each other and are thus moved within a medium is termed

Accepted Answer

A)  diffusion. 
B)  carrier-mediated transport. 
C)  refraction. 
D)  electrostatic pressure. 
E)  diffraction. 
A)  diffusion. 
B)  carrier-mediated transport. 
C)  refraction. 
D)  electrostatic pressure. 
E)  diffraction.

Question 9

Which of the following is true of metabotropic receptors?

Accepted Answer

A)  Metabotropic receptors conserve energy. 
B)  Metabotropic receptors are slower than ionotropic receptors. 
C)  Metabotropic receptors control a single ion channel. 
D)  Metabotropic receptors are closely associated with an ion channel. 
E)  Metabotropic receptors are faster than ionotropic receptors. 
A)  Metabotropic receptors conserve energy. 
B)  Metabotropic receptors are slower than ionotropic receptors. 
C)  Metabotropic receptors control a single ion channel. 
D)  Metabotropic receptors are closely associated with an ion channel. 
E)  Metabotropic receptors are faster than ionotropic receptors.

Question 10

Synapses are most commonly formed between a(n) _______ and a(n) _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  axon terminal; dendrite 
B)  dendrite; soma 
C)  soma; glial 
D)  glial; dendrite 
E)  dendrite; axon terminal 
A)  axon terminal; dendrite 
B)  dendrite; soma 
C)  soma; glial 
D)  glial; dendrite 
E)  dendrite; axon terminal

Question 11

Which of the following is a key a function of the glial cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Protection of the outer surface of the brain. 
B)  Removal of physical debris from the brain. 
C)  Secretion of CSF in the brain. 
D)  Movement of vesicles along the axon. 
E)  The conduction of action potentials. 
A)  Protection of the outer surface of the brain. 
B)  Removal of physical debris from the brain. 
C)  Secretion of CSF in the brain. 
D)  Movement of vesicles along the axon. 
E)  The conduction of action potentials.

Question 12

2- A large, dense-core vesicle is most likely to contain a ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of 2- A large, dense-core vesicle is most...

Question 13

In a myelinated axon, ions can enter and leave the axonal membrane only at

Accepted Answer

A)  the terminal buttons. 
B)  the soma. 
C)  the nodes of Ranvier. 
D)  the segment of membrane under the Schwann cell wrapping. 
E)  every point along the axonal membrane. 
A)  the terminal buttons. 
B)  the soma. 
C)  the nodes of Ranvier. 
D)  the segment of membrane under the Schwann cell wrapping. 
E)  every point along the axonal membrane.

Question 14

_______ will be recorded from a nerve cell whose membrane potential rises above threshold.

Accepted Answer

A)  action potential 
B)  local potential 
C)  downward shift of the threshold of excitation 
D)  upward shift of the membrane threshold 
E)  long-term change in the membrane potential 
A)  action potential 
B)  local potential 
C)  downward shift of the threshold of excitation 
D)  upward shift of the membrane threshold 
E)  long-term change in the membrane potential

Question 15

The specialized protein molecules located in the axon membrane that can open or close are termed

Accepted Answer

A)  receptors. 
B)  voltage transporters. 
C)  autoreceptors. 
D)  ion channels. 
E)  sodium-potassium transporters. 
A)  receptors. 
B)  voltage transporters. 
C)  autoreceptors. 
D)  ion channels. 
E)  sodium-potassium transporters.

Question 16

The normal order of activation during neuronal transmission is

Accepted Answer

A)  axon --> dendrite --> cell body --> axon terminals. 
B)  axon terminals --> cell body --> axon --> dendrite. 
C)  dendrite --> cell body --> axon --> terminal button. 
D)  cell body --> axon --> dendrite --> axon terminal. 
E)  dendrite --> axon terminal --> cell body --> axon. 
A)  axon --> dendrite --> cell body --> axon terminals. 
B)  axon terminals --> cell body --> axon --> dendrite. 
C)  dendrite --> cell body --> axon --> terminal button. 
D)  cell body --> axon --> dendrite --> axon terminal. 
E)  dendrite --> axon terminal --> cell body --> axon.

Question 17

Activation of cells within the _______ by a poison in the blood would be predicted to produce _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleus accumbens; visual hallucinations 
B)  hippocampus; locomotion 
C)  hypothalamus; vomiting 
D)  area postrema; vomiting 
E)  hippocampus; vomiting 
A)  nucleus accumbens; visual hallucinations 
B)  hippocampus; locomotion 
C)  hypothalamus; vomiting 
D)  area postrema; vomiting 
E)  hippocampus; vomiting

Question 18

The _______ is the voltage level at which an action potential is triggered in a patch of axon membrane.

Accepted Answer

A)  resting membrane potential 
B)  hyperpolarization event 
C)  threshold of excitation 
D)  rate level 
E)  refractory period 
A)  resting membrane potential 
B)  hyperpolarization event 
C)  threshold of excitation 
D)  rate level 
E)  refractory period

Question 19

Explain what is meant by decremental conduction.

Accepted Answer

A subthreshold local potential

Question 20

Which of the following is true of the blood-brain barrier?

Accepted Answer

A)  The barrier is uniform, protecting all brain structures. 
B)  The barrier pumps glucose out of the brain into the bloodstream. 
C)  The barrier functions to regulate the chemical composition of the extracellular fluid surrounding the brain cells. 
D)  The barrier is formed by cells that line the capillaries of the brain. 
E)  The ventricles have a blood-brain barrier. 
A)  The barrier is uniform, protecting all brain structures. 
B)  The barrier pumps glucose out of the brain into the bloodstream. 
C)  The barrier functions to regulate the chemical composition of the extracellular fluid surrounding the brain cells. 
D)  The barrier is formed by cells that line the capillaries of the brain. 
E)  The ventricles have a blood-brain barrier.

The _______ mediates the inflammatory reaction that follows brain damage.

Which of the following is true of Schwann cells?

The difference in electrical charge between the inside and the outside of the axon membrane is defined as the _______ potential.

An EPSP will be produced when a ligand

The membrane of a nerve cell is comprised of

_______ are negatively charged particles.

Placing neurons and their synaptic contacts into a medium containing no calcium ions would be expected to

The process by which similarly charged particles repel each other and are thus moved within a medium is termed

Which of the following is true of metabotropic receptors?

Synapses are most commonly formed between a(n) _ and a(n) _.

Which of the following is a key a function of the glial cells?

2- A large, dense-core vesicle is most likely to contain a ________.

In a myelinated axon, ions can enter and leave the axonal membrane only at

_______ will be recorded from a nerve cell whose membrane potential rises above threshold.

The specialized protein molecules located in the axon membrane that can open or close are termed

The normal order of activation during neuronal transmission is

Activation of cells within the _ by a poison in the blood would be predicted to produce _.

The _______ is the voltage level at which an action potential is triggered in a patch of axon membrane.

Explain what is meant by decremental conduction.

Which of the following is true of the blood-brain barrier?

Introduction

Structure of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Methods and Strategies of Research

Vision

Audition, the Body Senses, and the Chemical Senses

Control of Movement

Sleep and Biological Rhythms

Reproductive Behavior

Emotion

Ingestive Behavior

Learning and Memory

Human Communication

Neurological Disorders

Schizophrenia and the Affective Disorders

Anxiety Disorders, Autistic Disorder, Attention-Deficithyperactivity Disorder, and Stress Disorders

Drug Abuse

Filters

Exam 2: Structure and Function of Cells of the Nervous System

The _______ mediates the inflammatory reaction that follows brain damage.

Which of the following is true of Schwann cells?

The difference in electrical charge between the inside and the outside of the axon membrane is defined as the _______ potential.

An EPSP will be produced when a ligand

The membrane of a nerve cell is comprised of

_______ are negatively charged particles.

Placing neurons and their synaptic contacts into a medium containing no calcium ions would be expected to

The process by which similarly charged particles repel each other and are thus moved within a medium is termed

Which of the following is true of metabotropic receptors?

Synapses are most commonly formed between a(n) _______ and a(n) _______.

Which of the following is a key a function of the glial cells?

2- A large, dense-core vesicle is most likely to contain a ________.

In a myelinated axon, ions can enter and leave the axonal membrane only at

_______ will be recorded from a nerve cell whose membrane potential rises above threshold.

The specialized protein molecules located in the axon membrane that can open or close are termed

The normal order of activation during neuronal transmission is

Activation of cells within the _______ by a poison in the blood would be predicted to produce _______.

The _______ is the voltage level at which an action potential is triggered in a patch of axon membrane.

Explain what is meant by decremental conduction.

Which of the following is true of the blood-brain barrier?

Introduction

Structure of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Methods and Strategies of Research

Vision

Audition, the Body Senses, and the Chemical Senses

Control of Movement

Sleep and Biological Rhythms

Reproductive Behavior

Emotion

Ingestive Behavior

Learning and Memory

Human Communication

Neurological Disorders

Schizophrenia and the Affective Disorders

Anxiety Disorders, Autistic Disorder, Attention-Deficithyperactivity Disorder, and Stress Disorders

Drug Abuse

Filters

Synapses are most commonly formed between a(n) _ and a(n) _.

Activation of cells within the _ by a poison in the blood would be predicted to produce _.