Exam 6: Consciousness

Yesterday, Colleen went to an interesting lecture on relationship problems. She didn't take notes, because she isn't going to be tested on the lecture. Though she made no effort to memorize any of the information the speaker presented, she is able to repeat a great deal of it to a friend. In particular, she is able to remember the parts that she felt applied to her own past relationships. Which concept explains why?

There seems to be mounting evidence that a lifetime of learning, mental and physical activity, and rewarding work is good for people. That finding also appears to be true when it comes to warding off Alzheimer's disease. "Some people, who are better educated, more active in work and leisure activities, seem to hold off developing the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease longer, despite having the same brain pathology as those who show symptoms earlier," says Columbia University neuropsychologist Yaakov Stern, PhD. These findings support Hebb's current law of "use it or lose it," which argues

Toby and Karen just met their new neighbour, Justine. Toby repeats Justine's name over and over to remember it. Meanwhile, Karen notes that Justine is leaving "just in time" to get dinner on the table. The following day, who is more likely to recall the neighbour's name and why?

Solada had to park on the far end of the lot this morning. While on her way to class, she was thinking about the upcoming quiz and also talking on her cell phone. Later, she learns that a student's car was stolen from the same lot soon after she walked through. Though she tries, she can't remember a car that meets the description of the stolen car. This is most likely due to

Because long-term memory's capacity is so large, we must organize the concepts or "files" we keep there. Our mental network or filing system of associated ideas and concepts is called

Sylvia has been learning about animals in kindergarten. The class does a worksheet in which the students must put different animals into categories like zoo animals and pets. If Sylvia is able to do this, it is because she has created a mental framework about animals called a/an

Riding a bike is a learned skill and is stored in ____________________ memory.

If we compare the three-stage model of memory to a computer's processes, we can say that the RAM in a computer, that is, the "mental workspace," is like our

Most people remember where they were, what they were doing, and who they were with when they learned of the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks. This type of vivid, emotionally charged memory is called a _______________ memory.

Over the last few years, Sakura's grandmother has become forgetful, confused, and disoriented. Sakura goes with Grandmother to have cognitive testing done, and afterward the doctor says that Grandmother's procedural, semantic, episodic, and prospective memories are all affected. Grandmother probably

When asked to recall the dates of each of the battles in the war of 1812 in history class, Eric must rely on

Jennifer and Jeff are studying for their geography exam. Jeff is learning the capital of each province by repeating it over and over. Jennifer is incorporating information she already knows about each province into the name of the capital. While Jeff is repeating "Victoria is the capital of British Columbia, Victoria is the capital of British Columbia," Jennifer is saying "Queen Victoria loved high tea at the Fairmont in BC" because she loves to go to high tea and incorporates the province name and capital in the sentence. If the levels-of-processing theory is correct,

Noah has not been skating in years, but when his new girlfriend asks him to go he borrows a pair of skates from a friend and goes with her. Although he could not explain exactly how he does it, Noah has no problem skating after year of not skating. Noah is using his __________ memory.

Though she doesn't remember it, Sydney knows she saw her father's fear of snakes when she was a child. Now she feels anxious around anything that looks like a snake, including the garden hose. Sydney is being influenced by

Mnemonists are people who display extraordinary memory skills. Xhosa would like to learn to remember things better, so she buys a book on improving her memory. Assuming that the book was written by a legitimate memory expert, what can Xhosa expect?

As Yvonne learns her spelling words, she creates a visual image of the object each word represents. According to _____________________, she will be better able to remember the words than if she had just read them to herself.

After cramming a lot of information for her finals, Ianna told her friend that her brain was full. She assured her friend that she would not be able to remember anything new until she forgot what she had learned for her classes. Is it possible for Ianna's long-term memory to be full?

If I say the words ghost, toast, and roast, then ask you to name a word that begins with M, you would probably say most. This is an example of a

Kandeland his colleagues (1973) performed a classical conditioning study on sea slugs. Slugs showed an unconditioned response to shock by showing a defensive posture. When shocked 4-5 times in succession, the slugs showed the same defensive posture days later. This indicates, via classical conditioning, that slugs

Keira is trying to remember a list of animals but is able to do so only when she imagines what the animals look like. She is using ____________________________ to recall the list.