Exam 11: Motivation and Emotion

PATHS (Providing Alternative THinking Strategies), a program developed by Greenberg and Kusché (1998), gives teachers a detailed curriculum for improving children's emotional awareness and regulation skills and enhancing their social __________.

As a well-educated and highly esteemed businesswoman, Delores feels she has accomplished a great deal in her life. She decides that she would like to give back to the community, so she makes a sizable endowment to a local conservatory. She is also using her professional influence to draw the public's attention to the needs of children who have cancer. Abraham Maslow would probably say that Delores has reached the __________________ stage of his needs hierarchy.

James eats when he is stressed, sad, or angry and as a result struggles with his weight. His physician suggests that because he is using food to fill an emotional hole rather than a physiological need he no longer knows how to pay attention to his body's messages saying that it is full. The hormone that should be decreasing his appetite and increasing his energy expenditure is called

Ruth recently started exercising with a personal trainer. The trainer tells her that weight-lifting sessions will build lean muscle and increase her body's calorie-burning efficiency, while cardio sessions burn fat. In other words, the trainer will help increase Ruth's

Reactions of Japanese and American students to presentation of a graphic medical procedure both in the presence and absence of an authority figure differ. American students displayed disgust in both situations, but Japanese students masked their disgust in the presence of authority figures. This was the first empirical support for

Siblings Jamison and Marina both graduated from an exclusive private high school. Marina works hard to complete her college degree and eventually wins a prestigious apprenticeship with a leading business guru. She later starts her own business and attains significant financial success. Jamison, by contrast, drops out of college after the first year and subsequently drifts from one odd job to the next, getting fired more often than not. Interestingly, Jamison has a higher IQ than Marina. Why is Marina more successful?

Ruth's personal trainer tells her not to walk so fast on the treadmill that she is uncomfortable. Discomfort is her body's signal that she is not getting enough oxygen to burn fat. Instead, it begins to burn the simple sugars that are immediately available in her blood, called

Naliniis in France as an exchange student. While out for dinner with new friends she makes the "okay" gesture by touching her thumb and forefinger together and clearly offends Pierre, who is sitting across from her. Confused, Nalini asks what she has done wrong, and learns that this gesture is obscene in France. Nalini is horrified that her French classes never educated her on French

Janice tends to trust faces that most people find to be untrustworthy, and have trouble recognizing facial expressions of fear, especially in the eyes. She may have damage to her

When our physiological systems become out of balance or depleted, we are driven to reduce this depleted state (Hull, 1943; Weisinger et al., 1993; McKinley et al., 2004). Liang's body tells him he needs to do something to restore physiological equilibrium, which is also called

Three-year-old Hakeem's parents disagree over whether to attend an event related to his mother's job, and as they get more frustrated with each other their voices grow louder. Unhappy and confused, Hakeem sticks his fingers in his ears. He is practicing

Allison is feeling very aroused and excited. She is enjoying her sexual encounter. The part of the brain that is active for her is the __________.

David McClelland in his theory on the motivations for human behaviour.It is the desire to do things well and overcome obastacles. It is called

Physiological needs are said to _____________ us to act a certain way, whereas environmental stimuli ________________ us toward particular goals.

Johann and Wilson work at the same company and have similar jobs. Johann volunteers for all sorts of projects and often stays late, because promotion is important to him. Wilson works the minimum number of hours required to stay employed, because making enough money to maintain his modest lifestyle is all that matters to him. Johann believes that the harder he works and the more time he commits to his job, the sooner he will be promoted. This is represented by three major factors:

Tom is interested in working for an intelligence branch of the government, and a polygraph test is part of the interview process. Though Tom intends to be honest, he is worried that the polygraph will say he is lying when he isn't. Tom's friend Cameron assures Tom that polygraph tests are infallible. Is he right?

Sherannhas struggled with her weight for most of her life. She knows that personality traits, environmental factors, and genetic factors can significantly influence an individual's eating habits. Both of Sherann's parents are overweight and she recognizes her tendency to binge eat whenever she is under stress. Given that Sherann is considered to be in high risk for developing an eating disorder, what is the probability that she can adopt a healthy lifestyle?

Tom is interested in working for an intelligence branch of the government, and a polygraph test is part of the interview process. Though Tom was honest, he was anxious throughout the test and failed it. This may have happened because polygraph tests are

At age 20, Gilmer has had more male sexual partners than female and is attracted to men more often than women. When asked, however, he identifies himself as being straight (heterosexual). Is Gilmer straight (heterosexual) or gay (homosexual)?

Though Nadine is not overweight according to the Body Mass Index (BMI), she would like to be significantly thinner than she is. She successfully loses 15 pounds on a low-carb diet, but returns to her original weight as soon as she goes back to eating normally. A few months later, she begins a new job and gains eight pounds, but once she settles into a routine, she returns to her original weight. Her body is determined to keep her at her natural