Exam 5: Human Development

Twila has no problems going to sleep at night, but she wakes up often during the night and considerably earlier than she would like to each morning. She does not feel rested when she gets up for the day, and since the problem has existed for weeks, her job performance is being affected. What is Twila's problem?

Coffee, tea, chocolate, soda, candy, and energy drinks all contain caffeine. Small amounts of caffeine help you stay awake and increase alertness, but only for a short amount of time. Large amounts of caffeine can cause sleep interruptions, restlessness, and cardiac arrest. Caffine would be classified as a

While driving to school, Brandon thinks about his upcoming midterms. Another driver cuts him off, and he immediately focuses on controlling the car. Brandon has switched to

While driving home one evening, Owen is so involved in his cell phone conversation that he doesn't notice an empty car at the side of the road and hits it. Owen is all right, but since it wasn't yet dark, the police say Owen should have had no problems seeing the car. When they learn he was talking on his phone, they say that because he was distracted, other stimuli didn't register in his consciousness. This phenomenon is referred to as

Pietro's professor says that although many animals' behaviours are governed wholly by instinct, human beings have choices about what to do in any given situation. Thanks to evolution, humans have self-awareness, the ability to plan, and an ability to reflect on the possible courses of a given action. These abilities are components of a larger framework we call

Orin is interested in learning how the body knows when it's supposed to sleep. He finds that most of his body's biological rhythms are regulated by the

Some tribal cultures have relied on hallucinogens to communicate with spirits and ancestors. Which of the following is true?

Quinn is at a party and a friend offers her a small pill that he tells her to put under her tongue. It is most likely LSD (lysergic acid diethyl amide). Quinn takes the drug about half an hour later she starts to see a little people, like the ones in "The Littles" a book she read as a child, running under the couch and behind the chair. This leads you to believe that LSD is a

Ecstasy works primarily by increasing ____________________ functioning, which leaves users feeling empathetic, warm, and elated. When the drug wears off, the user feels sluggish and depressed due to depletion of this same neurotransmitter. Over time, Ecstasy can permanently damage receptor sites.

Vince prefers to take classes later in the day and feels he is most productive in the afternoon and evening. His friend Francesca prefers to go to bed early and get up early, and she claims to feel more productive in the morning. Vince's and Francesca's preferences may be regulated by biological cycles called

Victoria is a lifeguard on Cavendish beach. It is a particularly busy day with many people on the beach. As a lifeguard she needs to attend to the people in the water and ignore other interesting things. The ability to attend to specific things while ignoring others

Because we learn to do familiar tasks automatically, we can focus our time and energy on other things. The problem with always relying on automatic processing is that

The neurotransmitter dopamine has been implicated in psychosis. Antipsychotic medications decrease dopamine activity to reduce psychotic symptoms. Antipsychotics must therefore be

Iris considers herself a procrastinator, who routinely leaves assignments until the last minute. As finals week approaches, she realizes she has several projects due and will not have time to sleep if she hopes to get them all done. Sleep deprivation is likely to affect her critical thinking skills in that she is likely to perform _______________ than someone who is rested.

Jason lives in New York and is going to California for the first time. He has always preferred to stay up late at night and get up late in the morning. Since he normally goes to bed at three a.m. and California time is three hours earlier than New York's, he thinks he will be on the same sleep schedule as everyone else. However, by the third day Jason finds he isn't sleepy until three a.m. What is responsible for resetting Jason's body clock?

Lykins and Baer (2008) compared long-term meditators and demographically similar non-meditators who completed self-report measures of constructs related to the practice of mindfulness meditation. They found significant mean differences between meditators and non-meditators. Their findings replicate previous work which found that mediation training

Naomi witnessed a hit-and-run accident but couldn't give the police any details about the vehicle. Under hypnosis, Naomi is able to provide the make and colour of the car as well as several numbers in the license plate. Unfortunately, this information is inaccessible in court because

Zach often goes drinking with friends. Over time, he realizes that he can drink significantly more alcohol than he used to and still not get drunk. His body's decreasing responsiveness to the drug is called

While driving to school, Brandon thinks about his upcoming midterms. When he reaches campus, he realizes that he doesn't remember most of the drive. Because he has been driving for several years, _______________________ allowed him to reach campus safely.

Orin is interested in learning how the body knows when it's supposed to sleep. He learns that his pineal gland is supposed to secrete a hormone called __________________ to relax his body.