Exam 7: Learning

You drive around town with your friends for several weeks after arriving at your new college. You often drive by the post office but have never been inside. At the end of the semester, you need to pick up a birthday package from your parents at the post office. You immediately drive directly to the post office without getting lost. What type of learning is illustrated here?

John's parents allow him to watch television as a reward for cleaning his room, so John cleans his room every day. What does John's behavior most closely represent?

In order to shape performance of a response, all but one of the following procedures should be followed. Which procedure is not appropriate?

According to Thorndike's "law of effect," __________.

In the context of discrimination learning, what is a CS^-?

When does stimulus generalization occur?

The presentation of an air puff to the eye leads reflexively to closure of the eyelid. What is the air puff an example of?

In determining whether two events are contiguous, what must one consider?

Rats most easily associate illness with __________.

If one were trying to establish parallels between operant conditioning and classical conditioning, one might say that a conditioned reinforcer is similar to __________.

Unconditioned responses by definition occur __________.

Working as a car mechanic for a taxi company, Jay receives a paycheck every two weeks. Which type of reinforcement schedule is Jay on?

Which of the following best provides evidence for learned taste aversion?

In training a dog to retrieve, it is not always possible to deliver the reinforcer (e.g., food) immediately. Therefore, you might use another stimulus, like saying "Good dog" when the dog picks up the object it is to retrieve. After a few such instances, the phrase "Good dog" serves as a __________ reinforcer.

What occurs when an organism responds to one specific CS but not to other similar stimuli?

Clark's nutcrackers hide pine nuts in trees and later retrieve them. How do these birds do this?

While driving down the highway, Jane sees a roadside sign advertising cheeseburgers. Jane begins to salivate. In terms of classical conditioning, the sign displaying the cheeseburgers would be the __________.

According to Skinner, how are operants described?

According to Thorndike, instrumental learning involves the formation of an association between __________.

An infant has become bored with the visual presentation of a pink square. Then, when researchers make the square spin counterclockwise, the infant's interest perks up again. What is this kind of change in responsiveness called?