Question 1

Mindy and Mandy are dizygotic twins. Therefore, they

Accepted Answer

A)  came from two separate eggs. 
B)  have the same genes. 
C)  have no shared genes. 
D)  cannot be used in a twin study. 
A)  came from two separate eggs. 
B)  have the same genes. 
C)  have no shared genes. 
D)  cannot be used in a twin study.

Question 2

Jackie has sickle-cell anemia, a condition which is

Accepted Answer

A)  caused by a virus. 
B)  caused by a bacterial infection. 
C)  inherited. 
D)  related to a lack of protein in the diet. 
A)  caused by a virus. 
B)  caused by a bacterial infection. 
C)  inherited. 
D)  related to a lack of protein in the diet.

Question 3

Autosomal chromosomes

Accepted Answer

A)  come in pairs containing one large and one small chromosome. 
B)  come in pairs of chromosomes that are about the same size. 
C)  determine the sex of a child. 
D)  have an X and a Y chromosome. 
A)  come in pairs containing one large and one small chromosome. 
B)  come in pairs of chromosomes that are about the same size. 
C)  determine the sex of a child. 
D)  have an X and a Y chromosome.

Question 4

Kelly and Ruben just had a baby boy. If they could look at their baby's sex chromosomes, they would see

Accepted Answer

A)  one X and one Y chromosome. 
B)  two Y chromosomes. 
C)  one Y chromosome and one autosome. 
D)  two X chromosomes. 
A)  one X and one Y chromosome. 
B)  two Y chromosomes. 
C)  one Y chromosome and one autosome. 
D)  two X chromosomes.

Question 5

Recessive alleles are responsible for

Accepted Answer

A)  Down syndrome. 
B)  Huntington's disease. 
C)  Klinefelter's syndrome. 
D)  phenylketonuria. 
A)  Down syndrome. 
B)  Huntington's disease. 
C)  Klinefelter's syndrome. 
D)  phenylketonuria.

Question 6

The fact that children with genes for average intelligence can actually develop either below-average, average, or above-average intelligence depending on their experiences best illustrates which of the following themes of development?

Accepted Answer

A)  Early development is related to later development, but not perfectly. 
B)  Development is always jointly influenced by heredity and environment. 
C)  Children help determine their own environment. 
D)  Development in different domains is connected. 
A)  Early development is related to later development, but not perfectly. 
B)  Development is always jointly influenced by heredity and environment. 
C)  Children help determine their own environment. 
D)  Development in different domains is connected.

Question 7

Twin studies

Accepted Answer

A)  cannot be used to study polygenic traits such as intelligence. 
B)  are based on the assumption that monozygotic twins are not more similar genetically than dizygotic twins. 
C)  are based on the assumption that heredity influences a trait if identical twins are more alike than fraternal twins. 
D)  often underestimate the influence of heredity because identical twins may have more similar environments than fraternal twins. 
A)  cannot be used to study polygenic traits such as intelligence. 
B)  are based on the assumption that monozygotic twins are not more similar genetically than dizygotic twins. 
C)  are based on the assumption that heredity influences a trait if identical twins are more alike than fraternal twins. 
D)  often underestimate the influence of heredity because identical twins may have more similar environments than fraternal twins.

Question 8

The disorder in which a person's nervous system degenerates during infancy is called

Accepted Answer

A)  Tay-Sachs disease. 
B)  albinism. 
C)  cystic fibrosis. 
D)  Huntington's disease. 
A)  Tay-Sachs disease. 
B)  albinism. 
C)  cystic fibrosis. 
D)  Huntington's disease.

Question 9

The extra 21st chromosome that is found with Down syndrome usually comes from the father's sperm.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Twins that come from a single fertilized egg that splits in two are called

Accepted Answer

A)  dizygotic twins. 
B)  monozygotic twins. 
C)  fraternal twins. 
D)  homozygous. 
A)  dizygotic twins. 
B)  monozygotic twins. 
C)  fraternal twins. 
D)  homozygous.

Question 11

Although environmental factors are important, they usually affect each child in a unique way, which makes siblings differ.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Huntington's disease is a fatal disease caused by a recessive allele.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The forces within a family that make children different from one another are referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  an evocative gene-environment relation. 
B)  passive gene-environment relation. 
C)  incomplete dominance. 
D)  nonshared environmental influences. 
A)  an evocative gene-environment relation. 
B)  passive gene-environment relation. 
C)  incomplete dominance. 
D)  nonshared environmental influences.

Question 14

The first 22 pairs of chromosomes

Accepted Answer

A)  contain either X or Y chromosomes. 
B)  determine the sex of the individual. 
C)  are called autosomes. 
D)  do not vary in size. 
A)  contain either X or Y chromosomes. 
B)  determine the sex of the individual. 
C)  are called autosomes. 
D)  do not vary in size.

Question 15

An example of niche-picking is

Accepted Answer

A)  parents enrolling their active child in many structured, sedentary activities in hopes that he will calm down. 
B)  parents enrolling their active child in many athletic activities in hopes that he will burn off some steam. 
C)  an active child choosing to participate in many athletic events. 
D)  an uncoordinated child choosing to participate in athletic events in hopes of becoming more coordinated. 
A)  parents enrolling their active child in many structured, sedentary activities in hopes that he will calm down. 
B)  parents enrolling their active child in many athletic activities in hopes that he will burn off some steam. 
C)  an active child choosing to participate in many athletic events. 
D)  an uncoordinated child choosing to participate in athletic events in hopes of becoming more coordinated.

Question 16

Individuals with Down syndrome show which of the following characteristics?

Accepted Answer

A)  intellectual disability 
B)  aggression 
C)  an extra X chromosome 
D)  a lack of sexual development 
A)  intellectual disability 
B)  aggression 
C)  an extra X chromosome 
D)  a lack of sexual development

Question 17

When alleles in a chromosome pair are identical, they are said to be

Accepted Answer

A)  recessive. 
B)  dominant. 
C)  heterozygous. 
D)  homozygous. 
A)  recessive. 
B)  dominant. 
C)  heterozygous. 
D)  homozygous.

Question 18

The chemical instructions of a __________ allele in an allele pair will be followed while those of a __________ allele will be ignored.

Accepted Answer

A)  heterozygous; homozygous 
B)  homozygous; heterozygous 
C)  recessive; dominant 
D)  dominant; recessive 
A)  heterozygous; homozygous 
B)  homozygous; heterozygous 
C)  recessive; dominant 
D)  dominant; recessive

Question 19

__________ is an inherited disorder caused by an extra 21st chromosome that results in an intellectual disability.

Accepted Answer

A)  Phenylketonuria 
B)  Huntington's disease 
C)  Down syndrome 
D)  Turner's syndrome 
A)  Phenylketonuria 
B)  Huntington's disease 
C)  Down syndrome 
D)  Turner's syndrome

Question 20

Each sperm and egg contains 46 chromosomes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Mindy and Mandy are dizygotic twins. Therefore, they

Jackie has sickle-cell anemia, a condition which is

Autosomal chromosomes

Kelly and Ruben just had a baby boy. If they could look at their baby's sex chromosomes, they would see

Recessive alleles are responsible for

The fact that children with genes for average intelligence can actually develop either below-average, average, or above-average intelligence depending on their experiences best illustrates which of the following themes of development?

Twin studies

The disorder in which a person's nervous system degenerates during infancy is called

The extra 21^st chromosome that is found with Down syndrome usually comes from the father's sperm.

Twins that come from a single fertilized egg that splits in two are called

Although environmental factors are important, they usually affect each child in a unique way, which makes siblings differ.

Huntington's disease is a fatal disease caused by a recessive allele.

The forces within a family that make children different from one another are referred to as

The first 22 pairs of chromosomes

An example of niche-picking is

Individuals with Down syndrome show which of the following characteristics?

When alleles in a chromosome pair are identical, they are said to be

The chemical instructions of a allele in an allele pair will be followed while those of a allele will be ignored.

__________ is an inherited disorder caused by an extra 21^st chromosome that results in an intellectual disability.

Each sperm and egg contains 46 chromosomes.

The Science of Child Development

Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn

Growth and Health

Perceptual and Motor Development

Theories of Cognitive Development

Cognitive Processes and Academic Skills

Intelligence and Individual Differences in Cognition

Language and Communication

Emotional Development

Understanding Self and Others

Moral Understanding and Behavior

Gender and Development

Family Relationships

Influences Beyond the Family

Filters

Exam 2: Genetic Bases of Child Development

Mindy and Mandy are dizygotic twins. Therefore, they

Jackie has sickle-cell anemia, a condition which is

Autosomal chromosomes

Kelly and Ruben just had a baby boy. If they could look at their baby's sex chromosomes, they would see

Recessive alleles are responsible for

The fact that children with genes for average intelligence can actually develop either below-average, average, or above-average intelligence depending on their experiences best illustrates which of the following themes of development?

Twin studies

The disorder in which a person's nervous system degenerates during infancy is called

The extra 21st chromosome that is found with Down syndrome usually comes from the father's sperm.

Twins that come from a single fertilized egg that splits in two are called

Although environmental factors are important, they usually affect each child in a unique way, which makes siblings differ.

Huntington's disease is a fatal disease caused by a recessive allele.

The forces within a family that make children different from one another are referred to as

The first 22 pairs of chromosomes

An example of niche-picking is

Individuals with Down syndrome show which of the following characteristics?

When alleles in a chromosome pair are identical, they are said to be

The chemical instructions of a __________ allele in an allele pair will be followed while those of a __________ allele will be ignored.

__________ is an inherited disorder caused by an extra 21st chromosome that results in an intellectual disability.

Each sperm and egg contains 46 chromosomes.

The Science of Child Development

Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn

Growth and Health

Perceptual and Motor Development

Theories of Cognitive Development

Cognitive Processes and Academic Skills

Intelligence and Individual Differences in Cognition

Language and Communication

Emotional Development

Understanding Self and Others

Moral Understanding and Behavior

Gender and Development

Family Relationships

Influences Beyond the Family

Filters

The extra 21^st chromosome that is found with Down syndrome usually comes from the father's sperm.

The chemical instructions of a allele in an allele pair will be followed while those of a allele will be ignored.

__________ is an inherited disorder caused by an extra 21^st chromosome that results in an intellectual disability.