Question 1

When infants begin using __________, they are then able to mentally anticipate consequences, rather than having to perform them.

Accepted Answer

A)  object permanence 
B)  reflexes 
C)  means to achieve ends 
D)  symbols 
A)  object permanence 
B)  reflexes 
C)  means to achieve ends 
D)  symbols D

Question 2

Smart children can skip one of Piaget's stages.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

Describe three important characteristics of preoperational thinking.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following key points:
$\bullet$ Egocentrism: Young children have difficulty in seeing the world from another's outlook.
$\bullet$ Animism: Thinking that inanimate objects are alive or have life-like properties.
$\bullet$ Centration: Narrow focus; concentrating on one aspect of a problem while ignoring other relevant aspects.

Question 4

Robert's mother pours a cup of milk for him and then realizes that the cup has a small chip in the rim. Not wanting her son to cut his lip, she pours the milk into another cup. The second cup happens to be shorter and wider than the first cup. Robert is upset because he thinks that he has less milk. Explain Robert's behavior using your knowledge of Piaget's stages of cognitive development.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will be similar to the fol

Question 5

Educational applications of Piaget's theory include facilitating, rather than directing children's learning, sensitivity to children's readiness to learn, and emphasis on discovery learning.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Scaffolding refers to the difference between the level of performance a child can achieve when working independently and the higher level of performance that is possible when working under the guidance of more skilled adults or peers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Professor Garrett tells his class, "Children's cognition develops continuously and gradually. There are no abrupt changes in thought. There are no distinct stages of cognitive development." Professor Garrett sounds most like

Accepted Answer

A)  an information-processing theorist. 
B)  Piaget. 
C)  Kohlberg. 
D)  a psychodynamic theorist. 
A)  an information-processing theorist. 
B)  Piaget. 
C)  Kohlberg. 
D)  a psychodynamic theorist.

Question 8

________ prevent(s) task-irrelevant information from entering working memory.

Accepted Answer

A)  Automatic processes 
B)  Inhibitory processes 
C)  Infantile amnesia 
D)  Mental hardware 
A)  Automatic processes 
B)  Inhibitory processes 
C)  Infantile amnesia 
D)  Mental hardware

Question 9

Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) grasp false beliefs tasks as quickly as children without ASD.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which of the following is the best example of scaffolding?

Accepted Answer

A)  Marco decides not to ask his son for help, because he knows his son does not have much patience. 
B)  Linda makes her son, Paul, go to bed early because Paul swore at school. 
C)  Roberto buys his daughter ice cream when she rides her two-wheel bike successfully. 
D)  Aubrey helps her daughter prepare meatloaf for dinner - she gives her specific instructions and simplifies whenever possible. 
A)  Marco decides not to ask his son for help, because he knows his son does not have much patience. 
B)  Linda makes her son, Paul, go to bed early because Paul swore at school. 
C)  Roberto buys his daughter ice cream when she rides her two-wheel bike successfully. 
D)  Aubrey helps her daughter prepare meatloaf for dinner - she gives her specific instructions and simplifies whenever possible.

Question 11

Piaget thought children were like

Accepted Answer

A)  little scientists. 
B)  miniature adults. 
C)  blank slates. 
D)  computers. 
A)  little scientists. 
B)  miniature adults. 
C)  blank slates. 
D)  computers.

Question 12

When concrete operational and formal operational thinkers are asked to combine a number of clear liquids to produce a blue liquid

Accepted Answer

A)  neither the concrete operational child, nor the formal operational adolescent, test the combinations of liquids in a systematic manner. 
B)  only the concrete operational child tests the combinations of liquids in a systematic manner. 
C)  only the formal operational child tests the combinations of liquids in a systematic manner. 
D)  both the concrete operational child and the formal operational adolescent test the combinations of liquids in a systematic manner. 
A)  neither the concrete operational child, nor the formal operational adolescent, test the combinations of liquids in a systematic manner. 
B)  only the concrete operational child tests the combinations of liquids in a systematic manner. 
C)  only the formal operational child tests the combinations of liquids in a systematic manner. 
D)  both the concrete operational child and the formal operational adolescent test the combinations of liquids in a systematic manner.

Question 13

Preoperational children are able to juggle multiple aspects of a problem at the same time, thus correcting the centration that is seen in the sensorimotor stage.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of formal operational thinking?

Accepted Answer

A)  abstract thinking 
B)  hypothetical reasoning 
C)  deductive reasoning 
D)  centration 
A)  abstract thinking 
B)  hypothetical reasoning 
C)  deductive reasoning 
D)  centration

Question 15

Cognitive activities that require very little effort are referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  working memory. 
B)  mental hardware. 
C)  mental software. 
D)  automatic processes. 
A)  working memory. 
B)  mental hardware. 
C)  mental software. 
D)  automatic processes.

Question 16

Some children move through the stages more rapidly than others, depending on their ability and experiences.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Some researchers believe the absence of a theory mind, called ________________, is the defining characteristic of Autism Spectrum Disorders ASD.

Accepted Answer

A)  mindblindness. 
B)  egocentrism. 
C)  animism. 
D)  attention. 
A)  mindblindness. 
B)  egocentrism. 
C)  animism. 
D)  attention.

Question 18

A developmental psychologist is most likely to use a false belief task to study

Accepted Answer

A)  theory of mind. 
B)  egocentrism. 
C)  animism. 
D)  attention. 
A)  theory of mind. 
B)  egocentrism. 
C)  animism. 
D)  attention.

Question 19

According to textbook, most infants begin to use symbols at about

Accepted Answer

A)  birth to 1 month. 
B)  4 months. 
C)  8 months. 
D)  18 months. 
A)  birth to 1 month. 
B)  4 months. 
C)  8 months. 
D)  18 months.

Question 20

For Piaget, children at all ages are like scientists in that they create theories about how the world works.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

When infants begin using __________, they are then able to mentally anticipate consequences, rather than having to perform them.

Smart children can skip one of Piaget's stages.

Describe three important characteristics of preoperational thinking.

Educational applications of Piaget's theory include facilitating, rather than directing children's learning, sensitivity to children's readiness to learn, and emphasis on discovery learning.

Scaffolding refers to the difference between the level of performance a child can achieve when working independently and the higher level of performance that is possible when working under the guidance of more skilled adults or peers.

Professor Garrett tells his class, "Children's cognition develops continuously and gradually. There are no abrupt changes in thought. There are no distinct stages of cognitive development." Professor Garrett sounds most like

________ prevent(s) task-irrelevant information from entering working memory.

Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) grasp false beliefs tasks as quickly as children without ASD.

Which of the following is the best example of scaffolding?

Piaget thought children were like

When concrete operational and formal operational thinkers are asked to combine a number of clear liquids to produce a blue liquid

Preoperational children are able to juggle multiple aspects of a problem at the same time, thus correcting the centration that is seen in the sensorimotor stage.

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of formal operational thinking?

Cognitive activities that require very little effort are referred to as

Some children move through the stages more rapidly than others, depending on their ability and experiences.

Some researchers believe the absence of a theory mind, called ________________, is the defining characteristic of Autism Spectrum Disorders ASD.

A developmental psychologist is most likely to use a false belief task to study

According to textbook, most infants begin to use symbols at about

For Piaget, children at all ages are like scientists in that they create theories about how the world works.

The Science of Child Development

Genetic Bases of Child Development

Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn

Growth and Health

Perceptual and Motor Development

Cognitive Processes and Academic Skills

Intelligence and Individual Differences in Cognition

Language and Communication

Emotional Development

Understanding Self and Others

Moral Understanding and Behavior

Gender and Development

Family Relationships

Influences Beyond the Family

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Exam 6: Theories of Cognitive Development

When infants begin using __________, they are then able to mentally anticipate consequences, rather than having to perform them.

Smart children can skip one of Piaget's stages.

Describe three important characteristics of preoperational thinking.

Educational applications of Piaget's theory include facilitating, rather than directing children's learning, sensitivity to children's readiness to learn, and emphasis on discovery learning.

Scaffolding refers to the difference between the level of performance a child can achieve when working independently and the higher level of performance that is possible when working under the guidance of more skilled adults or peers.

Professor Garrett tells his class, "Children's cognition develops continuously and gradually. There are no abrupt changes in thought. There are no distinct stages of cognitive development." Professor Garrett sounds most like

________ prevent(s) task-irrelevant information from entering working memory.

Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) grasp false beliefs tasks as quickly as children without ASD.

Which of the following is the best example of scaffolding?

Piaget thought children were like

When concrete operational and formal operational thinkers are asked to combine a number of clear liquids to produce a blue liquid

Preoperational children are able to juggle multiple aspects of a problem at the same time, thus correcting the centration that is seen in the sensorimotor stage.

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of formal operational thinking?

Cognitive activities that require very little effort are referred to as

Some children move through the stages more rapidly than others, depending on their ability and experiences.

Some researchers believe the absence of a theory mind, called ________________, is the defining characteristic of Autism Spectrum Disorders ASD.

A developmental psychologist is most likely to use a false belief task to study

According to textbook, most infants begin to use symbols at about

For Piaget, children at all ages are like scientists in that they create theories about how the world works.

The Science of Child Development

Genetic Bases of Child Development

Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn

Growth and Health

Perceptual and Motor Development

Cognitive Processes and Academic Skills

Intelligence and Individual Differences in Cognition

Language and Communication

Emotional Development

Understanding Self and Others

Moral Understanding and Behavior

Gender and Development

Family Relationships

Influences Beyond the Family

Filters