Question 1

Aggressive behavior has been linked to androgens, hormones secreted by the testes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

Your 6-year-old niece does not like to play with boys. Your brother thinks that this is okay but his wife thinks that your niece should play with both boys and girls. What can you tell your sister-in-law about gender differences in styles of interaction and how that is related to the selection of same-sex playmates?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will be similar to the following:
In many cultures, girls generally play with girls and boys play with boys. Even when parents encourage boys and girls to play with each other most children will resist. Part of this resistance comes from the fact that boys and girls have very different styles of interacting with peers. Girls' remarks and behaviors tend to provide support for each other - enabling interactions. Boys' behavior tends to be rougher and boys try to dominate each other by using intimidation, threats, and exaggeration - constricting interactions. When boys and girls interact, girls find that their enabling style is ineffective with boys. So, your niece is not unusual.

Question 3

Which pair of children is most likely to have enabling interactions with each other?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sam and John, two boys 
B)  Drew and Jenny, a boy and a girl 
C)  Kelsey and Caitlin, two girls 
D)  Sam and John, Drew and Jenny, and Kelsey and Caitlin are equally likely to have enabling interactions. 
A)  Sam and John, two boys 
B)  Drew and Jenny, a boy and a girl 
C)  Kelsey and Caitlin, two girls 
D)  Sam and John, Drew and Jenny, and Kelsey and Caitlin are equally likely to have enabling interactions. C

Question 4

Boys' interactions with each other tend to be

Accepted Answer

A)  expressive. 
B)  stereotyped. 
C)  constricting. 
D)  enabling. 
A)  expressive. 
B)  stereotyped. 
C)  constricting. 
D)  enabling.

Question 5

Define and give examples of instrumental and expressive traits. How do they fit with gender stereotypes?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 6

During the _____ years, children start to prefer playing with same-gender peers.

Accepted Answer

A)  preschool 
B)  early elementary 
C)  late elementary 
D)  middle school 
A)  preschool 
B)  early elementary 
C)  late elementary 
D)  middle school

Question 7

Mothers are more likely than fathers to treat sons and daughters differently.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

In general, television portrays women and men in a very stereotyped manner.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

One way in which experience contributes to gender differences in aggression is that

Accepted Answer

A)  the media portrays many aggressive males who are rewarded for their behavior. 
B)  parents are more likely to use physical punishment with daughters than with sons. 
C)  parents are less tolerant of aggressive behavior in sons than in daughters. 
D)  males are stronger than females. 
A)  the media portrays many aggressive males who are rewarded for their behavior. 
B)  parents are more likely to use physical punishment with daughters than with sons. 
C)  parents are less tolerant of aggressive behavior in sons than in daughters. 
D)  males are stronger than females.

Question 10

According to Martin and Halverson's gender-schema theory, children learn

Accepted Answer

A)  gender roles through reinforcement and punishment. 
B)  gender-appropriate behavior after achieving gender constancy. 
C)  gender-appropriate behavior by paying attention to experiences and events that are gender-appropriate. 
D)  gender roles through prenatal exposure to sex hormones. 
A)  gender roles through reinforcement and punishment. 
B)  gender-appropriate behavior after achieving gender constancy. 
C)  gender-appropriate behavior by paying attention to experiences and events that are gender-appropriate. 
D)  gender roles through prenatal exposure to sex hormones.

Question 11

Television

Accepted Answer

A)  tends to depict males and females in gender-stereotyped ways. 
B)  does not influence children's gender role stereotypes. 
C)  often helps children view males and females in less stereotyped ways. 
D)  tends to influence girls' gender-stereotypes more than boys' gender-stereotypes. 
A)  tends to depict males and females in gender-stereotyped ways. 
B)  does not influence children's gender role stereotypes. 
C)  often helps children view males and females in less stereotyped ways. 
D)  tends to influence girls' gender-stereotypes more than boys' gender-stereotypes.

Question 12

Which of the following is an expressive trait?

Accepted Answer

A)  self-confidence 
B)  mechanical aptitude 
C)  consideration 
D)  dominance 
A)  self-confidence 
B)  mechanical aptitude 
C)  consideration 
D)  dominance

Question 13

Boys are more likely than girls to take calculus courses in high school.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Androgyny is

Accepted Answer

A)  more beneficial for girls than for boys. 
B)  more beneficial for boys than for girls. 
C)  equally beneficial for boys and girls. 
D)  harmful to both boys and girls. 
A)  more beneficial for girls than for boys. 
B)  more beneficial for boys than for girls. 
C)  equally beneficial for boys and girls. 
D)  harmful to both boys and girls.

Question 15

Which of the following is an instrumental trait?

Accepted Answer

A)  independence 
B)  emotionality 
C)  kindness 
D)  awareness of others' feelings 
A)  independence 
B)  emotionality 
C)  kindness 
D)  awareness of others' feelings

Question 16

Matthew, a preschooler, sees a boy playing with dolls. Matthew is likely to

Accepted Answer

A)  also want to play with dolls. 
B)  not yet understand that the boy is engaged in cross-gender play. 
C)  tease the boy for playing with dolls. 
D)  be accepting of the boy even though he knows that he is playing with a girls' toy. 
A)  also want to play with dolls. 
B)  not yet understand that the boy is engaged in cross-gender play. 
C)  tease the boy for playing with dolls. 
D)  be accepting of the boy even though he knows that he is playing with a girls' toy.

Question 17

Florence, a 4-year-old girl is shown an unfamiliar toy and told that all little girls like this toy, she will like the toy less than if she was told that all little boys like the unfamiliar toy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Jeannie is eight months pregnant with her first child. She has little use for traditional gender roles and plans for her son or daughter not to view the world in gender-related terms. What can you tell Jeannie about some things that she can do to help achieve her goal and about the influence of other factors in the development of gender stereotypes?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will be similar to the fol

Question 19

Who would you expect to have the HIGHEST self-esteem?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nick, who has a stereotypically male gender role 
B)  Felicity, who has a stereotypically female gender role 
C)  Peter, who is androgynous 
D)  Heather, who is androgynous 
A)  Nick, who has a stereotypically male gender role 
B)  Felicity, who has a stereotypically female gender role 
C)  Peter, who is androgynous 
D)  Heather, who is androgynous

Question 20

Boys do better than girls on tasks that involve fine-motor coordination.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Aggressive behavior has been linked to androgens, hormones secreted by the testes.

Which pair of children is most likely to have enabling interactions with each other?

Boys' interactions with each other tend to be

Define and give examples of instrumental and expressive traits. How do they fit with gender stereotypes?

During the _____ years, children start to prefer playing with same-gender peers.

Mothers are more likely than fathers to treat sons and daughters differently.

In general, television portrays women and men in a very stereotyped manner.

One way in which experience contributes to gender differences in aggression is that

According to Martin and Halverson's gender-schema theory, children learn

Television

Which of the following is an expressive trait?

Boys are more likely than girls to take calculus courses in high school.

Androgyny is

Which of the following is an instrumental trait?

Matthew, a preschooler, sees a boy playing with dolls. Matthew is likely to

Florence, a 4-year-old girl is shown an unfamiliar toy and told that all little girls like this toy, she will like the toy less than if she was told that all little boys like the unfamiliar toy.

Who would you expect to have the HIGHEST self-esteem?

Boys do better than girls on tasks that involve fine-motor coordination.

The Science of Child Development

Genetic Bases of Child Development

Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn

Growth and Health

Perceptual and Motor Development

Theories of Cognitive Development

Cognitive Processes and Academic Skills

Intelligence and Individual Differences in Cognition

Language and Communication

Emotional Development

Understanding Self and Others

Moral Understanding and Behavior

Family Relationships

Influences Beyond the Family

Filters

Exam 13: Gender and Development

Aggressive behavior has been linked to androgens, hormones secreted by the testes.

Which pair of children is most likely to have enabling interactions with each other?

Boys' interactions with each other tend to be

Define and give examples of instrumental and expressive traits. How do they fit with gender stereotypes?

During the _____ years, children start to prefer playing with same-gender peers.

Mothers are more likely than fathers to treat sons and daughters differently.

In general, television portrays women and men in a very stereotyped manner.

One way in which experience contributes to gender differences in aggression is that

According to Martin and Halverson's gender-schema theory, children learn

Television

Which of the following is an expressive trait?

Boys are more likely than girls to take calculus courses in high school.

Androgyny is

Which of the following is an instrumental trait?

Matthew, a preschooler, sees a boy playing with dolls. Matthew is likely to

Florence, a 4-year-old girl is shown an unfamiliar toy and told that all little girls like this toy, she will like the toy less than if she was told that all little boys like the unfamiliar toy.

Who would you expect to have the HIGHEST self-esteem?

Boys do better than girls on tasks that involve fine-motor coordination.

The Science of Child Development

Genetic Bases of Child Development

Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn

Growth and Health

Perceptual and Motor Development

Theories of Cognitive Development

Cognitive Processes and Academic Skills

Intelligence and Individual Differences in Cognition

Language and Communication

Emotional Development

Understanding Self and Others

Moral Understanding and Behavior

Family Relationships

Influences Beyond the Family

Filters