Exam 6: B: Learning

Nicky tends to bite his nails when he becomes nervous because it calms him down.Nicky's behaviour is an example of _______________.

Presenting a stimulus to a person or animal that decreases the probability of a particular response is known as

Why are heroin users more likely to overdose when they inject heroin at a place other than their usual location?

Which of the following is one of the ways in which conditioned taste aversions are NOT like other forms of classical conditioning?

Salivation in response to food being placed in the mouth and an eye blink response to a puff of air are both examples of _______________.

Which of the following is NOT one of the processes Albert Bandura identified as supporting observational learning?

__________ is a change in an organism's behaviour or knowledge brought about by experience.

B.F.Skinner rigged the cages of pigeons so that food was delivered every 15 seconds.Within a short time most of the pigeons were practising some sort of consistent behaviour,even though the behaviour did not have any effect on the delivery of the reinforcer.The birds were

Kathy takes her 2-year-old son to the supermarket every Saturday.Each week,the same sequence of events unfolds: Her son screams,demanding that Kathy buy him treats.Although she refuses to give in to his demands,he continues to scream.Finally,Kathy yells at the top of her lungs,"QUIET!" He stops screaming instantly.What operant conditioning concepts are illustrated in this story?

The proverb "He who hath been bitten by a snake fears a rope" illustrates ______________.

You spend days wandering aimlessly around a park with many different paths that end at different parts of the park.One day when you arrive at the park you get a call on your cell phone from your cousin whom you haven't seen for years,and she says she is waiting for you in a particular section of the park.Even though the paths are complicated and twisted,you manage to find the shortest route to your cousin.Tolman would explain your efficient passage through the park as an example of

Learning that occurs when a neutral stimulus elicits a response that was originally caused by another stimulus is called ___________________.

Which of the following is the best example of observational learning?

In classical conditioning,the term neutral is used to indicate that a stimulus

Operant conditioning is most closely associated with ________________.

Learning that is not directly observable is called _____________.

You train your dog Milo to salivate to the sound of a bell.Then you ring the bell every five minutes and don't follow the ringing with food for Milo.He salivates less and less and finally stops salivating at all when the bell rings.But the next morning,when you ring the bell,Milo salivates! What term is used to explain the reappearance of this response?

In a demonstration of observational learning,rats can identify food that is safe to eat by

In studies with male Japanese quails,when objects are repeatedly paired with female quails,the male quails will begin to _____________ the object.

In Pavlov's "salivating dogs" studies,the salivation triggered by the sound or tone was the ________________.