Exam 1: C: The Science of Psychology

Which of the following is NOT associated with Gestalt psychology?

What early school of thought in psychology was noted for its emphasis on the unconscious determinants of behavior?

Observing behavior as it happens in real-life natural settings without imposing laboratory controls is known as the __________.

In an experiment,a researcher manipulates one variable to see how it affects a second variable.The manipulated variable is called the __________.

B.F.Skinner is most closely associated with which school of psychology?

Research in which a carefully selected group of people is asked a set of predetermined questions in interviews or through questionnaires is known as __________.

The first psychology laboratory was opened by _________.

The first psychology laboratory was founded by __________.

In an experiment on the effects of level of motivation on the performance of typists,the researcher randomly assigned one third of her subjects to each of three levels of motivation (and then induced different levels of motivation in the three groups).She measured the average words typed per minute by each group,and found that performance was highest under medium motivation,average under low motivation,and worst under high motivation.What was the independent variable in this experiment?

An experiment was run in which group A was given 3 minutes to study a word list,while group B was given 10 minutes to study the same list.Later,both groups were asked to recall words from the list.In this study,the number of words recalled is the _______.

A psychologist,studying pilot trainees,picks a select group of trainees who are hopefully representative of all other trainees.The group of trainees being studied by this psychologist are collectively known to researchers as a __________.

A scientist,conducting a research study on sleep and learning,questions her own objectivity and decides to let a third person,not associated with conducting the experiment,score the tests.The scientist is probably trying to eliminate __________.

The degree of relationship between two or more variables is:

Cause-and-effect conclusions can be drawn from the results of an experiment because:

One of the main reasons for using a laboratory for psychological research is to:

Psychologists use techniques based on ___________.

In an experiment,a researcher manipulates one variable to see how it affects a second variable.The second variable,which is observed for any possible effects,is called the __________.

Political polls taken before major elections are examples of __________ research.

Cognitive psychology is contributing to the development of ________,which attempts to make computers learn and solve problems the way people do.

A scientist,conducting a research study on sleep and learning,questions her own objectivity and decides to let a third person,not associated with conducting the experiment,score the tests.The scientist is probably trying to eliminate __________.