Question 1

Which of the following assumptions associated with the psychoanalytic school produced the strongest negative reaction?

Accepted Answer

A) Psychology,as therapy,is more philosophical than scientific. 
B) All human behavior is a product of one's experiences. 
C) Humans are basically good. 
D) All humans,including infants,have sexual motivations and drives. 
A) Psychology,as therapy,is more philosophical than scientific. 
B) All human behavior is a product of one's experiences. 
C) Humans are basically good. 
D) All humans,including infants,have sexual motivations and drives.

Question 2

When you watch dogs play in the park or watch how your professors conduct their classes,you are engaging in a form of __________.

Accepted Answer

A) case study research 
B) survey research 
C) naturalistic observation 
D) psychometric study 
A) case study research 
B) survey research 
C) naturalistic observation 
D) psychometric study

Question 3

A detailed,well-researched biography of a famous historical person is technically an example of the __________ method of research.

Accepted Answer

A) psychometric 
B) naturalistic observation 
C) case study 
D) correlational 
A) psychometric 
B) naturalistic observation 
C) case study 
D) correlational

Question 4

Almost all research done in psychology is analyzed ________.

Accepted Answer

A) visually 
B) using correlational techniques 
C) statistically 
D) at the .1 level 
A) visually 
B) using correlational techniques 
C) statistically 
D) at the .1 level

Question 5

In an experiment,a researcher manipulates one variable to see how it affects a second variable.The manipulated variable is called the __________.

Accepted Answer

A) dependent variable 
B) control variable 
C) independent variable 
D) hypothetical variable 
A) dependent variable 
B) control variable 
C) independent variable 
D) hypothetical variable

Question 6

A psychologist uses the correlational method to _________.

Accepted Answer

A) explain the effects of one variable on another 
B) compare two groups of subjects 
C) determine what causes a variable to change 
D) identify relationships between variables 
A) explain the effects of one variable on another 
B) compare two groups of subjects 
C) determine what causes a variable to change 
D) identify relationships between variables

Question 7

Dr.Welsh is doing experiments using drugs.He is concerned that his subjects will respond to demand characteristics.He may want to control for this by using which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) stratification 
B) two independent variables 
C) a placebo 
D) randomization 
A) stratification 
B) two independent variables 
C) a placebo 
D) randomization

Question 8

The psychological school that asks,"What are mental processes for?" rather than "What are mental processes?" is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) structuralism 
B) functionalism 
C) humanism 
D) Gestalt 
A) structuralism 
B) functionalism 
C) humanism 
D) Gestalt

Question 9

In the late 20th century,psychology __________.

Accepted Answer

A) expanded dramatically 
B) stagnated 
C) contracted slightly 
D) contracted dramatically 
A) expanded dramatically 
B) stagnated 
C) contracted slightly 
D) contracted dramatically

Question 10

Which one of the following psychologists was responsible for originating the behavioral school of psychology?

Accepted Answer

A) Pavlov 
B) Watson 
C) Skinner 
D) Rayner 
A) Pavlov 
B) Watson 
C) Skinner 
D) Rayner

Question 11

Humanistic psychologists believe that:

Accepted Answer

A) humans are basically destructive and must constantly fight negative impulses. 
B) psychologists should study only objective events such as stimuli and behaviors. 
C) people are basically good and will generally strive to achieve positive social goals. 
D) none of the above 
A) humans are basically destructive and must constantly fight negative impulses. 
B) psychologists should study only objective events such as stimuli and behaviors. 
C) people are basically good and will generally strive to achieve positive social goals. 
D) none of the above

Question 12

A sample that does not truly represent the population in question is known as a _____________sample.

Accepted Answer

A) random 
B) chance 
C) biased 
D) representative 
A) random 
B) chance 
C) biased 
D) representative

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a strength of the experiment as a research method?

Accepted Answer

A) Cause-and-effect relationships can be established. 
B) Experimental conditions usually seem realistic to subjects. 
C) Experiments can usually be replicated if the findings are valid. 
D) Variables can be analyzed carefully because of the degree of control over them. 
A) Cause-and-effect relationships can be established. 
B) Experimental conditions usually seem realistic to subjects. 
C) Experiments can usually be replicated if the findings are valid. 
D) Variables can be analyzed carefully because of the degree of control over them.

Question 14

The purpose of an experiment is to discover whether there is a relationship between the ___________ and the ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) independent variable;control variable 
B) dependent variable;control variable 
C) control group;experimental group 
D) independent variable;dependent variable 
A) independent variable;control variable 
B) dependent variable;control variable 
C) control group;experimental group 
D) independent variable;dependent variable

Question 15

After more than a year in Iranian prisons,52 American hostages were released by Iran's revolutionary government and allowed to return to the United States.Of the following professionals,___________ psychologists would probably have LEAST professional interest in that event.

Accepted Answer

A) counseling 
B) clinical 
C) social 
D) experimental 
A) counseling 
B) clinical 
C) social 
D) experimental

Question 16

Professor McSpell designed an experiment to test her hypothesis that exercise will increase spelling ability.She divided children into three groups and had one group do 10 minutes of exercises,one group do 30 minutes of exercises,and the third group do no exercise.She then tested all three groups of children to see how many words they could spell correctly on a spelling test.In this experiment,the scores on the spelling test serve as the

Accepted Answer

A) dependent variable. 
B) independent variable. 
C) control group. 
D) reliability measure. 
A) dependent variable. 
B) independent variable. 
C) control group. 
D) reliability measure.

Question 17

Cognitive psychologists are concerned with the scientific study of __________.

Accepted Answer

A) reinforcement 
B) alienation and apathy 
C) mental processes 
D) self-actualization 
A) reinforcement 
B) alienation and apathy 
C) mental processes 
D) self-actualization

Question 18

John Watson was a behaviorist who argued that the science of psychology must concern itself only with

Accepted Answer

A) experiences as whole units. 
B) observable events. 
C) unconscious mental processes. 
D) early childhood experiences. 
A) experiences as whole units. 
B) observable events. 
C) unconscious mental processes. 
D) early childhood experiences.

Question 19

Expectations by the experimenter that might influence the results of an experiment or their interpretation are called __________.

Accepted Answer

A) experimental blinds 
B) experimenter bias 
C) sample bias 
D) treatment bias 
A) experimental blinds 
B) experimenter bias 
C) sample bias 
D) treatment bias

Question 20

Positive correlation shows:

Accepted Answer

A) the extent to which two independent variables change together. 
B) that as one independent variable increases,another decreases. 
C) that as one variable changes,another changes in the same direction. 
D) that as one variable changes,another changes in the opposite direction. 
A) the extent to which two independent variables change together. 
B) that as one independent variable increases,another decreases. 
C) that as one variable changes,another changes in the same direction. 
D) that as one variable changes,another changes in the opposite direction.

Exam 1: C: The Science of Psychology

Which of the following assumptions associated with the psychoanalytic school produced the strongest negative reaction?

When you watch dogs play in the park or watch how your professors conduct their classes,you are engaging in a form of __________.

A detailed,well-researched biography of a famous historical person is technically an example of the __________ method of research.

Almost all research done in psychology is analyzed ________.

In an experiment,a researcher manipulates one variable to see how it affects a second variable.The manipulated variable is called the __________.

A psychologist uses the correlational method to _________.

Dr.Welsh is doing experiments using drugs.He is concerned that his subjects will respond to demand characteristics.He may want to control for this by using which of the following?

The psychological school that asks,"What are mental processes for?" rather than "What are mental processes?" is which of the following?

In the late 20th century,psychology __________.

Which one of the following psychologists was responsible for originating the behavioral school of psychology?

Humanistic psychologists believe that:

A sample that does not truly represent the population in question is known as a _____________sample.

Which of the following is NOT a strength of the experiment as a research method?

The purpose of an experiment is to discover whether there is a relationship between the ___________ and the ___________.

After more than a year in Iranian prisons,52 American hostages were released by Iran's revolutionary government and allowed to return to the United States.Of the following professionals,___________ psychologists would probably have LEAST professional interest in that event.

Cognitive psychologists are concerned with the scientific study of __________.

John Watson was a behaviorist who argued that the science of psychology must concern itself only with

Expectations by the experimenter that might influence the results of an experiment or their interpretation are called __________.

Positive correlation shows:

The Science of Psychology

A: The Science of Psychology

B: The Science of Psychology

Biological Perspective

A: Biological Perspective

B: Biological Perspective

C: The Biological Perspective

Sensation and Perception

A: Sensation and Perception

B: Sensation and Perception

C: Sensation and Perception

Consciousness: Sleep, Dreams, Hypnosis, and Drugs

A: Consciousness: Sleep, Dreams, Hypnosis, and Drugs

B: Consciousness: Sleep, Dreams, Hypnosis, and Drugs

C: Consciousness: Sleep, Dreams, Hypnosis, and Drugs

Learning

A: Learning

B: Learning

C: Learning

Memory

A: Memory

B: Memory

C: Memory

Cognition: Thinking, Intelligence, and Language

A: Cognition: Thinking, Intelligence, and Language

B: Cognition: Thinking, Intelligence, and Language

C: Cognition: Thinking, Intelligence, and Language

Development Across the Life Span

A: Development Across the Life Span

B: Development Across the Life Span

C: Development Across the Life Span

Motivation and Emotion

A: Motivation and Emotion

B: Motivation and Emotion

C: Motivation and Emotion

Sexuality and Gender

A: Sexuality and Gender

B: Sexuality and Gender

C: Sexuality and Gender

Stress and Health

A: Stress and Health

B: Stress and Health

C: Stress and Health

Social Psychology

A: Social Psychology

B: Social Psychology

C: Social Psychology

Theories of Personality

A: Theories of Personality

B: Theories of Personality

C: Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

A: Psychological Disorders

B: Psychological Disorders

C: Psychological Disorders

Psychological Therapies

A: Psychological Therapies

B: Psychological Therapies

C: Psychological Therapies

Effective Study Techniques: Highlighting, Cramming, Learning Styles, and More

The purpose of an experiment is to discover whether there is a relationship between the _ and the _.