Question 1

Discuss three reasons of the five reasons mentioned in the textbook why it is beneficial for one to learn and know about the scientific method.

Accepted Answer

There are several reasons why it is beneficial for one to learn and know about the scientific method. Three of the five reasons mentioned in the textbook include:

1. Critical Thinking Skills: Understanding the scientific method helps individuals develop critical thinking skills. By learning how to form hypotheses, conduct experiments, and analyze data, individuals can improve their ability to think logically and critically evaluate information.

2. Problem-Solving Abilities: The scientific method provides a structured approach to problem-solving. By following the steps of the scientific method, individuals can effectively identify and address issues in a systematic and organized manner.

3. Evidence-Based Decision Making: Knowing about the scientific method allows individuals to make informed decisions based on evidence. By understanding how scientific research is conducted and evaluated, individuals can better assess the validity of information and make decisions that are supported by empirical evidence.

Overall, learning about the scientific method can help individuals develop critical thinking skills, improve problem-solving abilities, and make evidence-based decisions, all of which are valuable skills in both academic and professional settings.

Question 2

Which of the following represents how Peirce ordered his strategies for formulating beliefs, from most flawed to least flawed?

Accepted Answer

A)  method of tenacity, method of authority, a priori method, scientific method 
B)  method of authority, method of tenacity, a priori method, scientific method 
C)  a priori method, method of tenacity, method of authority, scientific method 
D)  method of tenacity, a priori method, scientific method, method of authority 
A)  method of tenacity, method of authority, a priori method, scientific method 
B)  method of authority, method of tenacity, a priori method, scientific method 
C)  a priori method, method of tenacity, method of authority, scientific method 
D)  method of tenacity, a priori method, scientific method, method of authority A

Question 3

When they finished describing the events, John and Mary felt sure they knew how the events were related. What strategy should they use next?

Accepted Answer

A)  Write their conclusions, in APA format, stating their observations and outlining the relationships between the events and the causes of the events. 
B)  Conduct relational research to determine the relationships between the conditions or variables. 
C)  Use the a priori method. 
D)  Develop more open-mindedness. 
A)  Write their conclusions, in APA format, stating their observations and outlining the relationships between the events and the causes of the events. 
B)  Conduct relational research to determine the relationships between the conditions or variables. 
C)  Use the a priori method. 
D)  Develop more open-mindedness. B

Question 4

The use of empirical reasoning is essential to which of Peirce's methods of fixing belief?

Accepted Answer

A)  the method of authority 
B)  the a priori method 
C)  the method of tenacity 
D)  the scientific method 
A)  the method of authority 
B)  the a priori method 
C)  the method of tenacity 
D)  the scientific method

Question 5

The use of observation and experience in inquiry characterizes

Accepted Answer

A)  armchair reasoning. 
B)  empirical reasoning. 
C)  a priori reasoning. 
D)  authoritative reasoning. 
A)  armchair reasoning. 
B)  empirical reasoning. 
C)  a priori reasoning. 
D)  authoritative reasoning.

Question 6

Describe five of the nine characteristics listed in the textbook that good researchers possess.

Accepted Answer

1. Curiosity: Good researchers possess a

Question 7

What are the three broad research approaches described in the text? Give an example of the type of question each approach addresses.

Accepted Answer

The three broad research approaches desc

Question 8

Susan rejects the claim of a salesperson about the benefits of a particular product because it simply does not make logical sense to her. Which of Peirce's methods is Susan using to evaluate the salesperson's claim?

Accepted Answer

A)  the method of authority 
B)  the a priori method 
C)  the method of tenacity 
D)  the scientific method 
A)  the method of authority 
B)  the a priori method 
C)  the method of tenacity 
D)  the scientific method

Question 9

Which of the following terms refers to the use of techniques based on observation or experience?

Accepted Answer

A)  a priori 
B)  pseudoscience 
C)  empirical 
D)  analogical rhetoric 
A)  a priori 
B)  pseudoscience 
C)  empirical 
D)  analogical rhetoric

Question 10

To develop a richer, more complete understanding of human behavior, researchers embrace __________ because they recognize that there is often more than one "right way" to view the causes of behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)  methodological pluralism 
B)  theoretical ecumenism 
C)  analogical thinking 
D)  empirical reasoning 
A)  methodological pluralism 
B)  theoretical ecumenism 
C)  analogical thinking 
D)  empirical reasoning

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT one of the orienting attitudes of scientists described in the text?

Accepted Answer

A)  open-mindedness 
B)  confidence in one's own judgment 
C)  ability to communicate 
D)  ability to be correct 
A)  open-mindedness 
B)  confidence in one's own judgment 
C)  ability to communicate 
D)  ability to be correct

Question 12

Dave is interested in whether one's support for prayer in schools is associated with one's religiosity. This type of question is most characteristic of

Accepted Answer

A)  descriptive research. 
B)  laboratory research. 
C)  relational research. 
D)  experimental research. 
A)  descriptive research. 
B)  laboratory research. 
C)  relational research. 
D)  experimental research.

Question 13

Why is an accepted rhetoric one of the features of the scientific method? Describe some aspects of this rhetoric.

Accepted Answer

An accepted rhetoric is one of the featu

Question 14

Kim is interested in what physical qualities people most desire in their prospective partners. She begins by interviewing married individuals, asking them what physical qualities most attracted them to their current partner. She then visits a bar and observes the physical qualities of those who leave with each other. Finally, she examines the personal ads in a local newspaper, noting the physical qualities that are most often mentioned in these ads. In her investigation of interpersonal attraction, Kim is employing

Accepted Answer

A)  experimental methodology. 
B)  methodological pluralism. 
C)  theoretical ecumenism. 
D)  an interdisciplinary approach. 
A)  experimental methodology. 
B)  methodological pluralism. 
C)  theoretical ecumenism. 
D)  an interdisciplinary approach.

Question 15

Interested in the effect of outside employment on academic performance, a professor asks his students how many hours a week they work and compares this to current grade point averages. The professor's inquiry is an example of which broad research approach?

Accepted Answer

A)  experimental 
B)  pseudoscientific 
C)  relational 
D)  descriptive 
A)  experimental 
B)  pseudoscientific 
C)  relational 
D)  descriptive

Question 16

According to Peirce, the most primitive strategy for forming a belief is the

Accepted Answer

A)  a priori method. 
B)  method of authority. 
C)  method of tenacity. 
D)  scientific method. 
A)  a priori method. 
B)  method of authority. 
C)  method of tenacity. 
D)  scientific method.

Question 17

When an explanation is accepted as true because it is advocated by an expert, this belief is based on the

Accepted Answer

A)  method of tenacity. 
B)  method of authority. 
C)  a priori method. 
D)  scientific method. 
A)  method of tenacity. 
B)  method of authority. 
C)  a priori method. 
D)  scientific method.

Question 18

To evaluate questions of causality, scientists must conduct

Accepted Answer

A)  relational research. 
B)  experimental research. 
C)  laboratory research. 
D)  descriptive research. 
A)  relational research. 
B)  experimental research. 
C)  laboratory research. 
D)  descriptive research.

Question 19

Kristen exclaims, "I want to see the evidence for myself before I'll accept your explanation!" Kristen's claim reflects the basic idea behind the

Accepted Answer

A)  scientific method. 
B)  method of authority. 
C)  a priori method. 
D)  method of tenacity. 
A)  scientific method. 
B)  method of authority. 
C)  a priori method. 
D)  method of tenacity.

Question 20

Which of Peirce's methods refers to the use of common sense or the obvious to justify claims of belief?

Accepted Answer

A)  the method of tenacity 
B)  the method of authority 
C)  the a priori method 
D)  the scientific method 
A)  the method of tenacity 
B)  the method of authority 
C)  the a priori method 
D)  the scientific method

Discuss three reasons of the five reasons mentioned in the textbook why it is beneficial for one to learn and know about the scientific method.

Which of the following represents how Peirce ordered his strategies for formulating beliefs, from most flawed to least flawed?

When they finished describing the events, John and Mary felt sure they knew how the events were related. What strategy should they use next?

The use of empirical reasoning is essential to which of Peirce's methods of fixing belief?

The use of observation and experience in inquiry characterizes

Describe five of the nine characteristics listed in the textbook that good researchers possess.

What are the three broad research approaches described in the text? Give an example of the type of question each approach addresses.

Susan rejects the claim of a salesperson about the benefits of a particular product because it simply does not make logical sense to her. Which of Peirce's methods is Susan using to evaluate the salesperson's claim?

Which of the following terms refers to the use of techniques based on observation or experience?

To develop a richer, more complete understanding of human behavior, researchers embrace __________ because they recognize that there is often more than one "right way" to view the causes of behavior.

Which of the following is NOT one of the orienting attitudes of scientists described in the text?

Dave is interested in whether one's support for prayer in schools is associated with one's religiosity. This type of question is most characteristic of

Why is an accepted rhetoric one of the features of the scientific method? Describe some aspects of this rhetoric.

Interested in the effect of outside employment on academic performance, a professor asks his students how many hours a week they work and compares this to current grade point averages. The professor's inquiry is an example of which broad research approach?

According to Peirce, the most primitive strategy for forming a belief is the

When an explanation is accepted as true because it is advocated by an expert, this belief is based on the

To evaluate questions of causality, scientists must conduct

Kristen exclaims, "I want to see the evidence for myself before I'll accept your explanation!" Kristen's claim reflects the basic idea behind the

Which of Peirce's methods refers to the use of common sense or the obvious to justify claims of belief?

From Hunches to Testable Hypotheses

Ethical Considerations and Guidelines

Carpenter, S 1998 Content Analysis Project for Research Novices Teaching of Psychology

Methods for Looking Within Ourselves

Reliability and Validity in Measurement and Research

Randomized Experiments and Causal Inference

Nonrandomized Research and Causal Reasoning

Survey Research and Subject Recruitment

Summarizing the Data

Correlating Variables

Understanding P Values and Effect Size Indicators

The Comparison of Two Conditions

Comparisons of More Than Two Conditions

The Analysis of Frequency Tables

Filters

Exam 1: Behavioral Research and the Scientific Method

Discuss three reasons of the five reasons mentioned in the textbook why it is beneficial for one to learn and know about the scientific method.

Which of the following represents how Peirce ordered his strategies for formulating beliefs, from most flawed to least flawed?

When they finished describing the events, John and Mary felt sure they knew how the events were related. What strategy should they use next?

The use of empirical reasoning is essential to which of Peirce's methods of fixing belief?

The use of observation and experience in inquiry characterizes

Describe five of the nine characteristics listed in the textbook that good researchers possess.

What are the three broad research approaches described in the text? Give an example of the type of question each approach addresses.

Susan rejects the claim of a salesperson about the benefits of a particular product because it simply does not make logical sense to her. Which of Peirce's methods is Susan using to evaluate the salesperson's claim?

Which of the following terms refers to the use of techniques based on observation or experience?

To develop a richer, more complete understanding of human behavior, researchers embrace __________ because they recognize that there is often more than one "right way" to view the causes of behavior.

Which of the following is NOT one of the orienting attitudes of scientists described in the text?

Dave is interested in whether one's support for prayer in schools is associated with one's religiosity. This type of question is most characteristic of

Why is an accepted rhetoric one of the features of the scientific method? Describe some aspects of this rhetoric.

Interested in the effect of outside employment on academic performance, a professor asks his students how many hours a week they work and compares this to current grade point averages. The professor's inquiry is an example of which broad research approach?

According to Peirce, the most primitive strategy for forming a belief is the

When an explanation is accepted as true because it is advocated by an expert, this belief is based on the

To evaluate questions of causality, scientists must conduct

Kristen exclaims, "I want to see the evidence for myself before I'll accept your explanation!" Kristen's claim reflects the basic idea behind the

Which of Peirce's methods refers to the use of common sense or the obvious to justify claims of belief?

From Hunches to Testable Hypotheses

Ethical Considerations and Guidelines

Carpenter, S 1998 Content Analysis Project for Research Novices Teaching of Psychology

Methods for Looking Within Ourselves

Reliability and Validity in Measurement and Research

Randomized Experiments and Causal Inference

Nonrandomized Research and Causal Reasoning

Survey Research and Subject Recruitment

Summarizing the Data

Correlating Variables

Understanding P Values and Effect Size Indicators

The Comparison of Two Conditions

Comparisons of More Than Two Conditions

The Analysis of Frequency Tables

Filters