Exam 16: Parasitism and Mutualism

Parasites are always transmitted between hosts via an intermediate vector organism.

Animal parasites can be either ecto- or endoparasites,whereas all plant parasites live inside the plant tissue as endoparasites.

________ transmission occurs when a parasite is transferred from one host to another without the involvement of an intermediate organism.

A mutualism in which two species benefit when living together but can survive when apart is referred to as a(n)

Symbiosis is an interaction between two species that is beneficial to both species.

Some symbiotic mutualisms involve defense against herbivores.

Microparasites are usually characterized by

Parasites that live on the skin of their host are called ________.

A(n)________ lives on or within the host organism for some period of its life.

The host species in which a parasite becomes an adult and reaches maturity is referred to as a(n)________ host.

Plants benefit from frugivores,which aid in the dispersal of their seeds.

Most nonsymbiotic mutualisms are obligatory.

Which of the following symbiotic mutualisms involves a fungus?

Parasites may regulate host populations.

Zooxanthellae are photosynthetic algae living within the tissues of reef-forming corals.

After infection occurs,the first line of defense for a host against a parasite is the ________ response.

While foraging on grass,white-tailed deer occasionally ingest snails or slugs that host larvae of the meningeal worm.The worm larvae mature inside the deer and eventually are passed out with the feces.The snails acquire the larvae as they come into contact with deer feces on the ground.The snails are an example of a(n)

Parasites always complete their life cycle in a single host species.

Which of the following is a potential response by a plant host to a parasite?

A lichen is a commensalistic relationship between a fungus and an alga.