Question 1

Which of the following comparisons of the innate and adaptive immune systems is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) The innate immune system is more likely to recognize normal self,and therefore cause autoimmunity,than is the adaptive immune system. 
B) Receptors used for recognition in innate immunity are encoded in the germline,whereas those of the adaptive immune system are encoded by genes generated via somatic recombination of germline receptor gene loci. 
C) The innate and adaptive immune systems share some of the same effector mechanisms. 
D) Both the innate and adaptive immune systems can recognize nonmicrobial substances. 
E) The innate immune system less long lived memory than the adaptive immune system does. 
A) The innate immune system is more likely to recognize normal self,and therefore cause autoimmunity,than is the adaptive immune system. 
B) Receptors used for recognition in innate immunity are encoded in the germline,whereas those of the adaptive immune system are encoded by genes generated via somatic recombination of germline receptor gene loci. 
C) The innate and adaptive immune systems share some of the same effector mechanisms. 
D) Both the innate and adaptive immune systems can recognize nonmicrobial substances. 
E) The innate immune system less long lived memory than the adaptive immune system does. A

Question 2

For each of the descriptions of a component of the innate immune system in questions ,select the term that best matches it from the list below (A-J).
-Plasma protein that serves as a soluble pattern recognition receptor binding to microbial cells but not to mammalian cells

Accepted Answer

A) Defensin 
B) Opsonin 
C) Natural antibody 
D) Adjuvant 
E) Complement
F)Inflammation
G)C-reactive protein
H)Mannose-binding lectin
I)Reactive oxygen intermediate
J)Inducible nitric oxide synthase 
A) Defensin 
B) Opsonin 
C) Natural antibody 
D) Adjuvant 
E) Complement
F)Inflammation
G)C-reactive protein
H)Mannose-binding lectin
I)Reactive oxygen intermediate
J)Inducible nitric oxide synthase H

Question 3

The signaling pathways triggered by Toll-like receptors typically result in activation of which of the following pairs of transcription factors?

Accepted Answer

A) NFAT and T-bet 
B) AP-1 and GATA-3 
C) Fos and STAT-6 
D) NF-kB and IRFs 
E) Lck and Jun 
A) NFAT and T-bet 
B) AP-1 and GATA-3 
C) Fos and STAT-6 
D) NF-kB and IRFs 
E) Lck and Jun D

Question 4

For each of the descriptions of a component of the innate immune system in questions ,select the term that best matches it from the list below (A-J).
-Produced by B-1 cells,protects against microbes that succeed in penetrating epithelial barriers

Accepted Answer

A) Defensin 
B) Opsonin 
C) Natural antibody 
D) Adjuvant 
E) Complement
F)Inflammation
G)C-reactive protein
H)Mannose-binding lectin
I)Reactive oxygen intermediate
J)Inducible nitric oxide synthase 
A) Defensin 
B) Opsonin 
C) Natural antibody 
D) Adjuvant 
E) Complement
F)Inflammation
G)C-reactive protein
H)Mannose-binding lectin
I)Reactive oxygen intermediate
J)Inducible nitric oxide synthase

Question 5

Toll-like receptors (TLRs)are a family of homologous receptors expressed on many cell types and are involved in innate immune responses.Some TLRs are expressed on the plasma membrane,Others are expressed on endosomal membranes indie the cells.Which of the following is a shared property of the TLRs in the endosomes?

Accepted Answer

A) Recognition of nucleic acids 
B) Recognition of bacterial cell wall molecules 
C) Signaling by JAK-STAT pathways 
D) Inhibition of inflammatory responses 
E) Secreted into the blood 
A) Recognition of nucleic acids 
B) Recognition of bacterial cell wall molecules 
C) Signaling by JAK-STAT pathways 
D) Inhibition of inflammatory responses 
E) Secreted into the blood

Question 6

For each of the descriptions of a component of the innate immune system in questions ,select the term that best matches it from the list below (A-J).
-Broad-spectrum antibiotic present in the skin and in neutrophil granules;its synthesis is increased in response to inflammatory cytokines

Accepted Answer

A) Defensin 
B) Opsonin 
C) Natural antibody 
D) Adjuvant 
E) Complement
F)Inflammation
G)C-reactive protein
H)Mannose-binding lectin
I)Reactive oxygen intermediate
J)Inducible nitric oxide synthase 
A) Defensin 
B) Opsonin 
C) Natural antibody 
D) Adjuvant 
E) Complement
F)Inflammation
G)C-reactive protein
H)Mannose-binding lectin
I)Reactive oxygen intermediate
J)Inducible nitric oxide synthase

Question 7

Toll-like receptors and other receptors are potent activators of various components of the innate immune system.All of the following proteins are expressed in response to signaling by these receptors EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) Interleukin-12 
B) E-selectin 
C) Tumor necrosis factor 
D) Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) 
E) CD28 
A) Interleukin-12 
B) E-selectin 
C) Tumor necrosis factor 
D) Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) 
E) CD28

Question 8

Which of the following is an enzymatic function of most types of inflammasomes?

Accepted Answer

A) Generate active granzyme B from an inactive precursors 
B) Generate an active form if the inflammatory cytokine IL-1b from an inactive precursors 
C) Proteolytically inactivate caspase 1 
D) Degrade dsDNA 
E) Phosphorylate interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) 
A) Generate active granzyme B from an inactive precursors 
B) Generate an active form if the inflammatory cytokine IL-1b from an inactive precursors 
C) Proteolytically inactivate caspase 1 
D) Degrade dsDNA 
E) Phosphorylate interferon regulatory factors (IRFs)

Question 9

Cytosolic DNA sensors are a large group of molecules that detect microbial dsDNA in the cytosol of infected cells,and situate innate responses.Most of these sensors signal though a pathway that includes which protein?

Accepted Answer

A) Mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein (MAVS) 
B) Cytochrome C 
C) RIG-like receptors ( RLRs) 
D) TLR9 
E) Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) 
A) Mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein (MAVS) 
B) Cytochrome C 
C) RIG-like receptors ( RLRs) 
D) TLR9 
E) Stimulator of interferon genes (STING)

Question 10

For each of the descriptions of a component of the innate immune system in questions ,select the term that best matches it from the list below (A-J).
-Acute-phase reactant produced by the liver and released into blood

Accepted Answer

A) Defensin 
B) Opsonin 
C) Natural antibody 
D) Adjuvant 
E) Complement
F)Inflammation
G)C-reactive protein
H)Mannose-binding lectin
I)Reactive oxygen intermediate
J)Inducible nitric oxide synthase 
A) Defensin 
B) Opsonin 
C) Natural antibody 
D) Adjuvant 
E) Complement
F)Inflammation
G)C-reactive protein
H)Mannose-binding lectin
I)Reactive oxygen intermediate
J)Inducible nitric oxide synthase

Question 11

Which of the following statements about the innate immune system is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A) Innate immunity is present in all multicellular organisms,including plants and insects. 
B) Deficiencies in innate immunity markedly increase host susceptibility to infection,even in the setting of an intact adaptive immune response. 
C) Innate immunity is better suited for eliminating virulent,resistant microbes than is adaptive immunity. 
D) The innate immune response can be divided into recognition,activation,and effector phases. 
E) The innate immune response against microbes influences the type of adaptive immune response that develops. 
A) Innate immunity is present in all multicellular organisms,including plants and insects. 
B) Deficiencies in innate immunity markedly increase host susceptibility to infection,even in the setting of an intact adaptive immune response. 
C) Innate immunity is better suited for eliminating virulent,resistant microbes than is adaptive immunity. 
D) The innate immune response can be divided into recognition,activation,and effector phases. 
E) The innate immune response against microbes influences the type of adaptive immune response that develops.

Question 12

For each of the descriptions of a component of the innate immune system in questions ,select the term that best matches it from the list below (A-J).
-Superoxide anion,hydroxyl radical,or hydrogen peroxide,produced by activated phagocytes

Accepted Answer

A) Defensin 
B) Opsonin 
C) Natural antibody 
D) Adjuvant 
E) Complement
F)Inflammation
G)C-reactive protein
H)Mannose-binding lectin
I)Reactive oxygen intermediate
J)Inducible nitric oxide synthase 
A) Defensin 
B) Opsonin 
C) Natural antibody 
D) Adjuvant 
E) Complement
F)Inflammation
G)C-reactive protein
H)Mannose-binding lectin
I)Reactive oxygen intermediate
J)Inducible nitric oxide synthase

Which of the following comparisons of the innate and adaptive immune systems is FALSE?

For each of the descriptions of a component of the innate immune system in questions ,select the term that best matches it from the list below (A-J). -Plasma protein that serves as a soluble pattern recognition receptor binding to microbial cells but not to mammalian cells

The signaling pathways triggered by Toll-like receptors typically result in activation of which of the following pairs of transcription factors?

For each of the descriptions of a component of the innate immune system in questions ,select the term that best matches it from the list below (A-J). -Produced by B-1 cells,protects against microbes that succeed in penetrating epithelial barriers

For each of the descriptions of a component of the innate immune system in questions ,select the term that best matches it from the list below (A-J). -Broad-spectrum antibiotic present in the skin and in neutrophil granules;its synthesis is increased in response to inflammatory cytokines

Toll-like receptors and other receptors are potent activators of various components of the innate immune system.All of the following proteins are expressed in response to signaling by these receptors EXCEPT:

Which of the following is an enzymatic function of most types of inflammasomes?

Cytosolic DNA sensors are a large group of molecules that detect microbial dsDNA in the cytosol of infected cells,and situate innate responses.Most of these sensors signal though a pathway that includes which protein?

For each of the descriptions of a component of the innate immune system in questions ,select the term that best matches it from the list below (A-J). -Acute-phase reactant produced by the liver and released into blood

Which of the following statements about the innate immune system is NOT true?

For each of the descriptions of a component of the innate immune system in questions ,select the term that best matches it from the list below (A-J). -Superoxide anion,hydroxyl radical,or hydrogen peroxide,produced by activated phagocytes

T-Cell-Mediated-Immunity

Tumor-Immunity

Tolerance

Microbial-Immunity

MHC

Lymphocyte-Development

Immunodeficiency-Diseases

Immediate-Hypersensitivity

Hypersensitivity-And-Autoimmunity

General-Properties-Of-The-Immune-System

Cytokines

Cells-And-Tissues

B-Lymphocyte-Activation

Antigen-Receptors

Antigen-Processing

Antibody-Immunity

Antibodies

Transplantation

Filters

Exam 7: Innate-Immunity

Which of the following comparisons of the innate and adaptive immune systems is FALSE?

For each of the descriptions of a component of the innate immune system in questions ,select the term that best matches it from the list below (A-J). -Plasma protein that serves as a soluble pattern recognition receptor binding to microbial cells but not to mammalian cells

The signaling pathways triggered by Toll-like receptors typically result in activation of which of the following pairs of transcription factors?

For each of the descriptions of a component of the innate immune system in questions ,select the term that best matches it from the list below (A-J). -Produced by B-1 cells,protects against microbes that succeed in penetrating epithelial barriers

For each of the descriptions of a component of the innate immune system in questions ,select the term that best matches it from the list below (A-J). -Broad-spectrum antibiotic present in the skin and in neutrophil granules;its synthesis is increased in response to inflammatory cytokines

Toll-like receptors and other receptors are potent activators of various components of the innate immune system.All of the following proteins are expressed in response to signaling by these receptors EXCEPT:

Which of the following is an enzymatic function of most types of inflammasomes?

Cytosolic DNA sensors are a large group of molecules that detect microbial dsDNA in the cytosol of infected cells,and situate innate responses.Most of these sensors signal though a pathway that includes which protein?

For each of the descriptions of a component of the innate immune system in questions ,select the term that best matches it from the list below (A-J). -Acute-phase reactant produced by the liver and released into blood

Which of the following statements about the innate immune system is NOT true?

For each of the descriptions of a component of the innate immune system in questions ,select the term that best matches it from the list below (A-J). -Superoxide anion,hydroxyl radical,or hydrogen peroxide,produced by activated phagocytes

T-Cell-Mediated-Immunity

Tumor-Immunity

Tolerance

Microbial-Immunity

MHC

Lymphocyte-Development

Immunodeficiency-Diseases

Immediate-Hypersensitivity

Hypersensitivity-And-Autoimmunity

General-Properties-Of-The-Immune-System

Cytokines

Cells-And-Tissues

B-Lymphocyte-Activation

Antigen-Receptors

Antigen-Processing

Antibody-Immunity

Antibodies

Transplantation

Filters