Exam 3: Heredity and Environment

When the effects of genes add up to influence the phenotype, they are called "_____ genes."

Each gene directs the formation of specific proteins made from a string of _____ amino acids.

Jenny and Tina are the result of one ovum fertilized by one sperm that split into two zygotes. Jenny and Tina are_____.

The first 22 chromosomes contain hundreds of genes in the same positions and sequence. If the code of the gene from one parent is exactly like the code on the same gene from the other parent, the gene pair is _____.

The cells that result from the early duplication and division processes are called stem cells, which are able to produce any other specialized cell.

Allen learned in his college biology class that, with respect to the sex chromosomes, the _____.

Explain how cells, proteins, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecules, chromosomes, and genes are related to each other.

The interaction of a heterozygous pair of alleles in such a way that the phenotype reflects one allele more than the other is referred to as a "_____."

In 22 of the 23 pairs of chromosomes, both members of each pair are closely matched. Each of these 44 chromosomes is called a(n) "_____."

Almost every human body cell contains _____ chromosomes.

Regarding biological sex (XX or XY), women become drunk on more alcohol than men.

Holly learned from her science teacher that her height resulted from about 180 genes, each contributing a tiny amount of genetic information. Holly learned that her height was due to _____.

Knowing that nature and nurture affect every human trait and disorder means all the following EXCEPT _____.

If an individual needed an organ donation, which organ donor would be the best match for this individual?

Genes with various repeats or deletions of base pairs are called "_____."

Nine months after conception, a newborn has about _____ billion cells.

On the 23rd pair of chromosomes, females have _____.

Heritability indicates how much of the variation of a trait can be traced to genes.

Thad and Gina have been trying to have a baby for more than three years. They have decided to use a procedure that involves mixing Thad's sperm with ova that have been surgically removed from Gina's ovary. Once the zygote is produced, it will be inserted into Gina's uterus. This procedure is called "_____."

The most common extra-chromosome condition is _____.