Exam 3: Heredity and Environment

The cognitive deficits caused by the genetic condition of _____ are the most common form of inherited mental retardation.

The first 22 chromosomes contain hundreds of genes in the same positions and sequence. If the code of the gene from one parent differs from the code on the same gene from the other parent, the gene pair is _____.

Individual A's 23rd pair of chromosomes is XX. Individual A is _____.

In 22 of the 23 pairs of chromosomes, both members of the pair are closely matched. Each of these 44 chromosomes is called a(n) "_____."

The cognitive deficits caused by the genetic condition _____ are the most common form of inherited intellectual disability.

When a sperm and an ovum combine, they create a new single cell called a "_____."

Couples can select the sex of a child by all the following methods EXCEPT _____.

When the effects of genes add up to make the phenotype, they are called dominant-recessive genes.

When someone inherits a recessive gene that is not expressed, that person is a(n) _____ of that gene.

The interaction of a heterozygous pair of alleles in such a way that the phenotype reflects one allele more than the other is referred to as a(n) "_____."

Genes affect such disorders as alcoholism and nearsightedness, but research indicates that the environment plays a role as well.

The instructions for making amino acids are on about 3 billion pairs of chemicals called "_____ pairs."

Identical twins are also called _____ twins.

An individual's collection of genes is called a "phenotype."

Consultation and testing by trained experts that enable individuals to learn about their genetic heritage, including harmful conditions they could pass along to any children they might conceive, is referred to as "couples counseling."

The single cell formed from the union of two gametes, a sperm and an ovum, is called a "_____."

Every sex difference is influenced by _____.

Males inherit X-linked disorders from the _____.

Michael is color-blind. His gene for color blindness is most likely a _____.

Describe three of the surprises revealed upon the completion of the Human Genome Project.