Exam 6: Perception and Individual Decision Making

For many people, a 50-50 flip of a coin for $100 might not be worth as much as a sure promise of $50, even though the gamble is mathematically worth twice as much as the sure thing. This is an example of ________.

A common tendency related to the overconfidence bias is that as managers and employees become more knowledgeable about an issue, they become more likely to display overconfidence.

We use a number of shortcuts when we judge others. All of the following are shortcuts that we use to judge others except ________.

We tend to accept at face value information that confirms our preconceived views, while we are critical and skeptical of information that challenges these views.

A focus on utilitarianism promotes the rights of minorities.

With reference to decision making, satisficing involves ________.

You have heard that the teacher believes that men perform better in oral presentations than women. What shortcut has the teacher used in this case?

Which of the following statements is true regarding the hindsight bias?

When neither the perceiver nor the target has changed, which of the following factors influences perception?

Which of the following statements best represents a halo effect?

________ indicates the tendency of an individual to attribute his own successes to internal factors while putting the blame for failures on external factors.

Business schools generally train students to follow ________ decision-making models.

David is of the opinion that people who drive SUVs are dangerous drivers. He often thinks that people driving SUVs are driving rashly, even when other observers can see nothing wrong with the behavior of the SUV drivers. What factor is affecting his perception in this case?

Which of the following types of biases in decision making represents the tendency of decision makers to prefer a sure thing?

If a person responds the same way over time, the attribution theory states that the behavior shows ________.

Our perception of reality can be substantially different from objective reality.

From the 1930s through the mid-1980s, General Motors consistently gave promotions and bonuses to managers who kept a low profile and avoided controversy. This is an example of which of the following organizational constraints?

Which of the following traits does a decision maker need to have if they are to fully appraise a problem and even see problems that others are not aware of?

When we draw a general impression about an individual on the basis of a single characteristic, such as intelligence, sociability, or appearance we are using a shortcut called the contrast effect.

What factors that operate to shape and sometimes distort perception reside in the perceiver, what factors reside in the target being perceived, and what factors reside in the context of the situation in which the perception is made?