Question 1

Which of the following statements is not an example of stereotyping?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is no need to offer child care to him; men aren't interested in child care. 
B)  Don't hire an older worker; they can't learn new skills. 
C)  She was good at her last job, so she will be good at this one. 
D)  She won't relocate for a promotion, since women don't relocate. 
E)  The new hire will be emotionally insensitive, since he is a man. 
A)  There is no need to offer child care to him; men aren't interested in child care. 
B)  Don't hire an older worker; they can't learn new skills. 
C)  She was good at her last job, so she will be good at this one. 
D)  She won't relocate for a promotion, since women don't relocate. 
E)  The new hire will be emotionally insensitive, since he is a man.

Question 2

Attribution theory uses three factors to determine if a person's behavior is caused internally or externally. One of these three factors is consensus. It indicates if ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the person has high propensity to defer to others 
B)  the individual displays different behaviors in different situations 
C)  everyone who faces a similar situation responds in the same way 
D)  the individual responds the same way over time 
E)  the person scores high on conscientiousness 
A)  the person has high propensity to defer to others 
B)  the individual displays different behaviors in different situations 
C)  everyone who faces a similar situation responds in the same way 
D)  the individual responds the same way over time 
E)  the person scores high on conscientiousness

Question 3

You are the manager of a development group in a large computer software company. You have decided that it is important for your group to understand the many ways that ethical decisions can be made and you are designing a training program on the subject of ethics. If you wish to emphasize the importance of making decisions consistent with fundamental liberties and privileges, the focus of your teaching will be on ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  utilitarianism 
B)  justice 
C)  rights 
D)  privilege 
E)  service 
A)  utilitarianism 
B)  justice 
C)  rights 
D)  privilege 
E)  service

Question 4

It was Marisol's first day at work. At first she was very nervous, but when she was introduced to her cubicle neighbor, Hanna, she was reassured by Hanna's soothing smile. Marisol thought that a person with such a beautiful smile could not be bad, and that she would enjoy having her in such close proximity. Which of the following concepts best describes this example?

Accepted Answer

A)  contrast effect 
B)  fundamental attribution error 
C)  halo effect 
D)  selective perception 
E)  self-serving bias 
A)  contrast effect 
B)  fundamental attribution error 
C)  halo effect 
D)  selective perception 
E)  self-serving bias

Question 5

Tom knows that the title insurance company made a mistake on his property title. Because of their mistake, his neighbor now has access to an easement road through the 25 acres located at the back of his property. He can't use the acreage for pasture, because his neighbor insists that the gates remain open. The title company has offered a $40,000 settlement. Tom has decided to take the settlement rather than possibly lose in court if he were to sue the title company for more money. Tom's decision is based on ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  hindsight bias 
B)  availability bias 
C)  risk aversion 
D)  randomness error 
E)  escalation of commitment 
A)  hindsight bias 
B)  availability bias 
C)  risk aversion 
D)  randomness error 
E)  escalation of commitment

Question 6

One of the core problems that created the financial meltdown of 2008 was that large loans were made to individuals who could not repay them, and the finance companies purchased these bad debts without realizing how poor the prospects of repayment were. Which of the following decision-making errors was made by the lenders and borrowers?

Accepted Answer

A)  hindsight bias 
B)  availability bias 
C)  overconfidence bias 
D)  confirmation bias 
E)  anchoring bias 
A)  hindsight bias 
B)  availability bias 
C)  overconfidence bias 
D)  confirmation bias 
E)  anchoring bias

Question 7

Which is not one of the steps in the rational decision-making model?

Accepted Answer

A)  defining the problem 
B)  identifying the decision criteria 
C)  evaluating the alternatives 
D)  finding a reasonable solution 
E)  selecting the best alternative 
A)  defining the problem 
B)  identifying the decision criteria 
C)  evaluating the alternatives 
D)  finding a reasonable solution 
E)  selecting the best alternative

Question 8

Explain the three components of creativity. Name two biases and examples of how they would affect creativity.

Accepted Answer

The three-component model of creativity

Question 9

You are part of a group, making a decision about whether it is appropriate to discontinue research on a new drug. This new drug would save lives, but it is uncertain whether you can develop it within a reasonable time frame and at a reasonable cost. Your firm has already spent a small fortune on this drug. You have gathered so much information in preparation to making the decision that you are unable to sort the good information from the superfluous data. You just feel that this project has merit. What form of decision making are you using if you decide to continue the project because you feel that the project has merit?

Accepted Answer

A)  optimization 
B)  intuitive 
C)  rational 
D)  satisficing 
E)  bounded rationality 
A)  optimization 
B)  intuitive 
C)  rational 
D)  satisficing 
E)  bounded rationality

Question 10

With reference to the attribution theory, which of the following terms indicates the extent to which an individual displays different behaviors in different situations?

Accepted Answer

A)  continuity 
B)  integrity 
C)  stability 
D)  flexibility 
E)  distinctiveness 
A)  continuity 
B)  integrity 
C)  stability 
D)  flexibility 
E)  distinctiveness

Question 11

The halo effect occurs because it is impossible for us to assimilate everything we see.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

According to the attribution theory, if a behavior scores high on consensus and distinctiveness, we tend to consider it as an internally caused behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Of the five constraints of decision making, which is most likely to be affected by risk aversion?

Accepted Answer

A)  performance evaluations 
B)  reward system 
C)  formal regulation 
D)  time constraints 
E)  historical precedents 
A)  performance evaluations 
B)  reward system 
C)  formal regulation 
D)  time constraints 
E)  historical precedents

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of a shortcut used in judging others?

Accepted Answer

A)  hindsight bias 
B)  confirmation bias 
C)  stereotyping 
D)  randomness error 
E)  availability bias 
A)  hindsight bias 
B)  confirmation bias 
C)  stereotyping 
D)  randomness error 
E)  availability bias

Question 15

What are the three generally accepted constructs of decision making each of us employs to make determinations?

Accepted Answer

A)  rational decision making, bounded rationality, and intuition 
B)  escalation of commitment, risk aversion, and hindsight bias 
C)  utilitarianism, rights, and justice 
D)  expertise, creative-thinking skills, and intrinsic task motivation 
E)  distinctiveness, consensus, and consistency 
A)  rational decision making, bounded rationality, and intuition 
B)  escalation of commitment, risk aversion, and hindsight bias 
C)  utilitarianism, rights, and justice 
D)  expertise, creative-thinking skills, and intrinsic task motivation 
E)  distinctiveness, consensus, and consistency

Question 16

Your boss never gives you the benefit of the doubt. When you arrived late from lunch, he assumed that you had simply taken too much time. He never considered that the elevators were not working that day and the fact that you had to walk up 10 flights of stairs. Your boss is guilty of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a self-serving bias 
B)  selective perception 
C)  the fundamental attribution error 
D)  inconsistency 
E)  stereotyping 
A)  a self-serving bias 
B)  selective perception 
C)  the fundamental attribution error 
D)  inconsistency 
E)  stereotyping

Question 17

What is the first step in the rational decision-making model?

Accepted Answer

A)  developing alternatives 
B)  defining the problem 
C)  identifying the decision criteria 
D)  weighing the decision criteria 
E)  collecting relevant data 
A)  developing alternatives 
B)  defining the problem 
C)  identifying the decision criteria 
D)  weighing the decision criteria 
E)  collecting relevant data

Question 18

Which of the following statements is true regarding perception?

Accepted Answer

A)  Our perception of reality is independent of our personality. 
B)  The context of the situation in which the perception is made has little effect on our perception of reality. 
C)  Our perception of reality can be different from the objective reality. 
D)  Our perception of reality is independent of our past experiences. 
E)  We form a perception of a target by looking at it in isolation. 
A)  Our perception of reality is independent of our personality. 
B)  The context of the situation in which the perception is made has little effect on our perception of reality. 
C)  Our perception of reality can be different from the objective reality. 
D)  Our perception of reality is independent of our past experiences. 
E)  We form a perception of a target by looking at it in isolation.

Question 19

When we make judgments about the behavior of other people, we tend to overestimate the influence of external factors and underestimate the influence of internal or personal factors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Martha submitted a formal complaint to OSHA about unsafe work conditions in her company's warehouse. Martha is a ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  utilitarian thinker 
B)  judge 
C)  creative thinker 
D)  whistle-blower 
E)  humanitarian 
A)  utilitarian thinker 
B)  judge 
C)  creative thinker 
D)  whistle-blower 
E)  humanitarian

Which of the following statements is not an example of stereotyping?

Attribution theory uses three factors to determine if a person's behavior is caused internally or externally. One of these three factors is consensus. It indicates if ________.

Which is not one of the steps in the rational decision-making model?

Explain the three components of creativity. Name two biases and examples of how they would affect creativity.

With reference to the attribution theory, which of the following terms indicates the extent to which an individual displays different behaviors in different situations?

The halo effect occurs because it is impossible for us to assimilate everything we see.

According to the attribution theory, if a behavior scores high on consensus and distinctiveness, we tend to consider it as an internally caused behavior.

Of the five constraints of decision making, which is most likely to be affected by risk aversion?

Which of the following is an example of a shortcut used in judging others?

What are the three generally accepted constructs of decision making each of us employs to make determinations?

Your boss never gives you the benefit of the doubt. When you arrived late from lunch, he assumed that you had simply taken too much time. He never considered that the elevators were not working that day and the fact that you had to walk up 10 flights of stairs. Your boss is guilty of ________.

What is the first step in the rational decision-making model?

Which of the following statements is true regarding perception?

When we make judgments about the behavior of other people, we tend to overestimate the influence of external factors and underestimate the influence of internal or personal factors.

Martha submitted a formal complaint to OSHA about unsafe work conditions in her company's warehouse. Martha is a ________.

What Is Organizational Behavior

Diversity in Organizations

Attitudes and Job Satisfaction

Emotions and Moods

Personality and Values

Motivation Concepts

Motivation: From Concepts to Applications

Foundations of Group Behavior

Understanding Work Teams

Communication

Leadership

Power and Politics

Conflict and Negotiation

Foundations of Organization Structure

Organizational Culture

Organizational Change and Stress Management

Filters

Exam 6: Perception and Individual Decision Making

Which of the following statements is not an example of stereotyping?

Attribution theory uses three factors to determine if a person's behavior is caused internally or externally. One of these three factors is consensus. It indicates if ________.

Which is not one of the steps in the rational decision-making model?

Explain the three components of creativity. Name two biases and examples of how they would affect creativity.

With reference to the attribution theory, which of the following terms indicates the extent to which an individual displays different behaviors in different situations?

The halo effect occurs because it is impossible for us to assimilate everything we see.

According to the attribution theory, if a behavior scores high on consensus and distinctiveness, we tend to consider it as an internally caused behavior.

Of the five constraints of decision making, which is most likely to be affected by risk aversion?

Which of the following is an example of a shortcut used in judging others?

What are the three generally accepted constructs of decision making each of us employs to make determinations?

Your boss never gives you the benefit of the doubt. When you arrived late from lunch, he assumed that you had simply taken too much time. He never considered that the elevators were not working that day and the fact that you had to walk up 10 flights of stairs. Your boss is guilty of ________.

What is the first step in the rational decision-making model?

Which of the following statements is true regarding perception?

When we make judgments about the behavior of other people, we tend to overestimate the influence of external factors and underestimate the influence of internal or personal factors.

Martha submitted a formal complaint to OSHA about unsafe work conditions in her company's warehouse. Martha is a ________.

What Is Organizational Behavior

Diversity in Organizations

Attitudes and Job Satisfaction

Emotions and Moods

Personality and Values

Motivation Concepts

Motivation: From Concepts to Applications

Foundations of Group Behavior

Understanding Work Teams

Communication

Leadership

Power and Politics

Conflict and Negotiation

Foundations of Organization Structure

Organizational Culture

Organizational Change and Stress Management

Filters