Question 1

Following a severe head injury, a patient has uncontrollable, unfocused feelings of rage. What has most likely been damaged?

Accepted Answer

A)  medulla oblongata 
B)  limbic system 
C)  pineal gland 
D)  primary motor area 
E)  cerebellum 
A)  medulla oblongata 
B)  limbic system 
C)  pineal gland 
D)  primary motor area 
E)  cerebellum B

Question 2

You are relaxing, having a snack and watching TV, when suddenly the entire house begins to shake violently. The activity of your _____ quickly decreases, while that of your _____ increases.

Accepted Answer

A)  somatic nervous system; autonomic nervous system 
B)  autonomic nervous system; somatic nervous system 
C)  sympathetic division; parasympathetic division 
D)  sympathetic division; somatic nervous system 
E)  parasympathetic division; sympathetic division 
A)  somatic nervous system; autonomic nervous system 
B)  autonomic nervous system; somatic nervous system 
C)  sympathetic division; parasympathetic division 
D)  sympathetic division; somatic nervous system 
E)  parasympathetic division; sympathetic division E

Question 3

Which of these structures is the pons?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E E

Question 4

Which of these is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A)  diencephalon - thalamus 
B)  brain stem - medulla oblongata 
C)  cerebral cortex - occipital lobe 
D)  cerebellum - midbrain 
E)  frontal lobe - prefrontal area 
A)  diencephalon - thalamus 
B)  brain stem - medulla oblongata 
C)  cerebral cortex - occipital lobe 
D)  cerebellum - midbrain 
E)  frontal lobe - prefrontal area

Question 5

A spinal nerve contains

Accepted Answer

A)  axons of sensory neurons only. 
B)  myelinated axons only. 
C)  axons of motor neurons only. 
D)  dendrites only. 
E)  both sensory and motor axons. 
A)  axons of sensory neurons only. 
B)  myelinated axons only. 
C)  axons of motor neurons only. 
D)  dendrites only. 
E)  both sensory and motor axons.

Question 6

Which of these works by inhibiting dopamine reuptake into synapses?

Accepted Answer

A)  cocaine 
B)  THC tetrahydrocannabinol) 
C)  heroin 
D)  marijuana 
E)  all drugs of abuse 
A)  cocaine 
B)  THC tetrahydrocannabinol) 
C)  heroin 
D)  marijuana 
E)  all drugs of abuse

Question 7

If a neuron receives both excitatory and inhibitory signals, will an action potential be generated?

Accepted Answer

A)  No, because any inhibitory signals will cancel out the excitatory signals. 
B)  Yes, but the action potential will be much smaller than if only excitatory signals were received. 
C)  It depends; if more excitatory than inhibitory signals are received, then an action potential may result. 
D)  Yes, because excitatory signals always stimulate an action potential. 
E)  It depends; if more inhibitory than excitatory signals are received, then the neuron will be free to produce an action potential. 
A)  No, because any inhibitory signals will cancel out the excitatory signals. 
B)  Yes, but the action potential will be much smaller than if only excitatory signals were received. 
C)  It depends; if more excitatory than inhibitory signals are received, then an action potential may result. 
D)  Yes, because excitatory signals always stimulate an action potential. 
E)  It depends; if more inhibitory than excitatory signals are received, then the neuron will be free to produce an action potential.

Question 8

Long, myelinated nerve fibers are called _____ in the PNS and _____ in the CNS.

Accepted Answer

A)  tracts; nuclei 
B)  nerves; ganglia 
C)  ganglia; nuclei 
D)  nerves; tracts 
E)  ganglia; tracts 
A)  tracts; nuclei 
B)  nerves; ganglia 
C)  ganglia; nuclei 
D)  nerves; tracts 
E)  ganglia; tracts

Question 9

The arrow shows the direction of the nerve impulse in a neuron. Where is the neurotransmitter released from the neuron?

Accepted Answer

A)  axon 
B)  dendrite 
C)  cell body 
D)  myelin sheath 
E)  axon terminal 
A)  axon 
B)  dendrite 
C)  cell body 
D)  myelin sheath 
E)  axon terminal

Question 10

People who are under constant stress have a tendency to gain weight, especially in the midsection, even if they do not overeat. This is because the hypothalamus responds to the stress by stimulating the

Accepted Answer

A)  posterior pituitary. 
B)  adrenal cortex. 
C)  thyroid. 
D)  adrenal medulla. 
E)  pancreas. 
A)  posterior pituitary. 
B)  adrenal cortex. 
C)  thyroid. 
D)  adrenal medulla. 
E)  pancreas.

Question 11

Weight gain, diabetes mellitus, and a moon-shaped face may indicate

Accepted Answer

A)  Addison disease. 
B)  Graves disease. 
C)  simple goiter. 
D)  pituitary dwarfism. 
E)  Cushing syndrome. 
A)  Addison disease. 
B)  Graves disease. 
C)  simple goiter. 
D)  pituitary dwarfism. 
E)  Cushing syndrome.

Question 12

A nerve impulse travels down a myelinated axon by

Accepted Answer

A)  repolarization. 
B)  saltatory conduction. 
C)  simple diffusion. 
D)  integration. 
E)  summation. 
A)  repolarization. 
B)  saltatory conduction. 
C)  simple diffusion. 
D)  integration. 
E)  summation.

Question 13

The _____ conveys sensory information to the central nervous system and motor commands away from the central nervous system to skeletal muscles.

Accepted Answer

A)  parasympathetic division 
B)  autonomic nervous system 
C)  somatic system 
D)  sympathetic division 
E)  brain stem 
A)  parasympathetic division 
B)  autonomic nervous system 
C)  somatic system 
D)  sympathetic division 
E)  brain stem

Question 14

Your teenage son comes home late on Friday night and is acting strange. His behavior includes the following characteristics: high agitation, violent behavior, and irritability. These traits are far different from his normal behavior. As a parent you suspect he may have taken a drug. Which drug did he most likely take?

Accepted Answer

A)  cocaine 
B)  methamphetamine 
C)  marijuana 
D)  alcohol 
E)  crack 
A)  cocaine 
B)  methamphetamine 
C)  marijuana 
D)  alcohol 
E)  crack

Question 15

Dendrites

Accepted Answer

A)  are usually the longest nerve fibers. 
B)  are covered with a myelin sheath. 
C)  receive signals from sensory receptors or other neurons. 
D)  generate nerve impulses. 
E)  are longer and less numerous than axons. 
A)  are usually the longest nerve fibers. 
B)  are covered with a myelin sheath. 
C)  receive signals from sensory receptors or other neurons. 
D)  generate nerve impulses. 
E)  are longer and less numerous than axons.

Question 16

You aren't normally aware of ongoing sensory stimulation, such as the touch of clothing on your skin. What part of your brain is responsible for this "filtering" of sensory input?

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothalamus 
B)  medulla oblongata 
C)  cerebral cortex 
D)  cerebellum 
E)  thalamus 
A)  hypothalamus 
B)  medulla oblongata 
C)  cerebral cortex 
D)  cerebellum 
E)  thalamus

Question 17

Which of these is a second messenger?

Accepted Answer

A)  cAMP 
B)  ATP 
C)  a peptide hormone 
D)  a steroid hormone 
E)  DNA 
A)  cAMP 
B)  ATP 
C)  a peptide hormone 
D)  a steroid hormone 
E)  DNA

Question 18

If you eat a jelly donut, your pancreatic islets will respond by secreting

Accepted Answer

A)  growth hormone. 
B)  glucagon. 
C)  epinephrine. 
D)  insulin. 
E)  oxytocin. 
A)  growth hormone. 
B)  glucagon. 
C)  epinephrine. 
D)  insulin. 
E)  oxytocin.

Question 19

Which ion needs to be pumped to the exterior of the axon in order to generate a nerve impulse?

Accepted Answer

A)  Na+ 
B)  K+ 
C)  Ca+ 
D)  H+ 
E)  Cl- 
A)  Na+ 
B)  K+ 
C)  Ca+ 
D)  H+ 
E)  Cl-

Question 20

Gaps in the myelin sheath are termed

Accepted Answer

A)  nodes of Ranvier. 
B)  interaxons. 
C)  ganglia. 
D)  nuclei. 
E)  synapses. 
A)  nodes of Ranvier. 
B)  interaxons. 
C)  ganglia. 
D)  nuclei. 
E)  synapses.

Exam 27: The Control Systems

Following a severe head injury, a patient has uncontrollable, unfocused feelings of rage. What has most likely been damaged?

You are relaxing, having a snack and watching TV, when suddenly the entire house begins to shake violently. The activity of your _____ quickly decreases, while that of your _____ increases.

Which of these structures is the pons?

Which of these is mismatched?

A spinal nerve contains

Which of these works by inhibiting dopamine reuptake into synapses?

If a neuron receives both excitatory and inhibitory signals, will an action potential be generated?

Long, myelinated nerve fibers are called _____ in the PNS and _____ in the CNS.

The arrow shows the direction of the nerve impulse in a neuron. Where is the neurotransmitter released from the neuron?

People who are under constant stress have a tendency to gain weight, especially in the midsection, even if they do not overeat. This is because the hypothalamus responds to the stress by stimulating the

Weight gain, diabetes mellitus, and a moon-shaped face may indicate

A nerve impulse travels down a myelinated axon by

The _____ conveys sensory information to the central nervous system and motor commands away from the central nervous system to skeletal muscles.

Dendrites

You aren't normally aware of ongoing sensory stimulation, such as the touch of clothing on your skin. What part of your brain is responsible for this "filtering" of sensory input?

Which of these is a second messenger?

If you eat a jelly donut, your pancreatic islets will respond by secreting

Which ion needs to be pumped to the exterior of the axon in order to generate a nerve impulse?

Gaps in the myelin sheath are termed

A View of Life

The Chemical Basis of Life

The Organic Molecules of Life

Inside the Cell

The Dynamic Cell

Energy for Life

Energy for Cells

Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis and the Genetic Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

DNA Biology and Technology

Biotechnology and Genomics

Genetic Counseling

Darwin and Evolution

Evolution on a Small Scale

Evolution on a Large Scale

The Microorganisms: Viruses, Bacteria, and Protists

The Plants and Fungi

The Animals

Plant Anatomy and Growth

Plant Responses and Reproduction

Being Organized and Steady

The Transport Systems

The Maintenance Systems

Digestion and Human Nutrition

Defenses Against Disease

Sensory Input and Motor Output

Reproduction and Embryonic Development

Ecology of Populations

Communities and Ecosystems

Human Impact on the Biosphere

Filters

You are relaxing, having a snack and watching TV, when suddenly the entire house begins to shake violently. The activity of your _ quickly decreases, while that of your _ increases.

Long, myelinated nerve fibers are called _ in the PNS and _ in the CNS.