Question 1

Which of the following is not an example of osmosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Salting meat serves as a preservative. 
B)  Vegetables placed in fresh water firm up. 
C)  Sugar in coffee dissolves. 
D)  Strawberries placed in sugar become syrupy. 
E)  Eating salty popcorn makes people's lips dry. 
A)  Salting meat serves as a preservative. 
B)  Vegetables placed in fresh water firm up. 
C)  Sugar in coffee dissolves. 
D)  Strawberries placed in sugar become syrupy. 
E)  Eating salty popcorn makes people's lips dry. C

Question 2

The changing of an enzyme's shape as the substrate binds to the active site is called the

Accepted Answer

A)  substrate binding theory. 
B)  induced fit model. 
C)  metabolic pathway. 
D)  energy of activation. 
E)  enzyme binding theory. 
A)  substrate binding theory. 
B)  induced fit model. 
C)  metabolic pathway. 
D)  energy of activation. 
E)  enzyme binding theory. B

Question 3

In the setup shown in the figure below, which of the following statements would describe the conditions observed after 12 hours of time have elapsed?

Accepted Answer

A)  The beaker contents will be hypertonic to the tube contents. 
B)  The tube contents will be hypertonic to the beaker contents. 
C)  The beaker and tube contents are isotonic to each other. 
D)  The beaker contents will be hypotonic to the tube contents. 
E)  The beaker contents and the tube contents will not have changed at all. 
A)  The beaker contents will be hypertonic to the tube contents. 
B)  The tube contents will be hypertonic to the beaker contents. 
C)  The beaker and tube contents are isotonic to each other. 
D)  The beaker contents will be hypotonic to the tube contents. 
E)  The beaker contents and the tube contents will not have changed at all. B

Question 4

When a cell is in a solution where the concentration of the solute is the same in the cell as in the solution, the solution is called

Accepted Answer

A)  isotonic. 
B)  hypertonic. 
C)  hypotonic. 
D)  osmotonic. 
E)  saturated. 
A)  isotonic. 
B)  hypertonic. 
C)  hypotonic. 
D)  osmotonic. 
E)  saturated.

Question 5

Simple diffusion of molecules occurs

Accepted Answer

A)  from an area of lesser concentration to an area of greater concentration. 
B)  in nonliving systems as well as living systems. 
C)  across plasma membranes only through transport proteins. 
D)  until those molecules are more highly concentrated on one side of the plasma membrane. 
E)  only in molecules that are in a gaseous state. 
A)  from an area of lesser concentration to an area of greater concentration. 
B)  in nonliving systems as well as living systems. 
C)  across plasma membranes only through transport proteins. 
D)  until those molecules are more highly concentrated on one side of the plasma membrane. 
E)  only in molecules that are in a gaseous state.

Question 6

Pickles are often preserved in a 20-30% salt solution called brine. How does this method prevent contamination by microorganisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bacteria can't survive in a hypertonic solution because they lose water. 
B)  Bacteria can't survive in hypotonic solutions because of the added pressure of the water they take in. 
C)  Bacteria cells are unable to digest the salt, thus killing the cells by starvation. 
D)  The high-salt concentration increases the pH of the environment, making it unfavorable for bacteria to live there. 
E)  The high-salt concentration creates an isotonic environment that the bacteria cannot live in. 
A)  Bacteria can't survive in a hypertonic solution because they lose water. 
B)  Bacteria can't survive in hypotonic solutions because of the added pressure of the water they take in. 
C)  Bacteria cells are unable to digest the salt, thus killing the cells by starvation. 
D)  The high-salt concentration increases the pH of the environment, making it unfavorable for bacteria to live there. 
E)  The high-salt concentration creates an isotonic environment that the bacteria cannot live in.

Question 7

A white blood cell surrounds and engulfs a worn-out red blood cell, forming a vesicle around the red blood cell. This process is called

Accepted Answer

A)  active transport. 
B)  phagocytosis. 
C)  exocytosis. 
D)  pinocytosis. 
E)  facilitated diffusion. 
A)  active transport. 
B)  phagocytosis. 
C)  exocytosis. 
D)  pinocytosis. 
E)  facilitated diffusion.

Question 8

Less energy is needed to bring about a reaction when an enzyme is present.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Considering the ATP cycle, which of the following would have the most potential energy to perform work for cell activities?

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP 
B)  ADP 
C)  adenosine 
D)  AMP 
E)  H+ ions 
A)  ATP 
B)  ADP 
C)  adenosine 
D)  AMP 
E)  H+ ions

Question 10

Enzymes are named based on the substrate that they bind. This is possible because

Accepted Answer

A)  enzymes all have the same shape. 
B)  an enzyme binds one specific substrate. 
C)  enzymes are used up in the reaction. 
D)  an enzyme is only associated with one metabolic pathway. 
E)  enzymes speed up the rate of a reaction. 
A)  enzymes all have the same shape. 
B)  an enzyme binds one specific substrate. 
C)  enzymes are used up in the reaction. 
D)  an enzyme is only associated with one metabolic pathway. 
E)  enzymes speed up the rate of a reaction.

Question 11

In the following figure, which cell exhibits the condition of plant cells that have been placed in a hypertonic environment?

Accepted Answer

A)  a 
B)  b 
C)  c 
D)  Both a & b 
E)  Both b & c 
A)  a 
B)  b 
C)  c 
D)  Both a & b 
E)  Both b & c

Question 12

ATP is a good source of energy for a cell because

Accepted Answer

A)  it is able to be used in only one type of reaction. 
B)  its breakdown is coupled with energy-requiring reactions. 
C)  it provides excess energy for cellular reactions. 
D)  it is not reusable. 
E)  it takes no energy to make it. 
A)  it is able to be used in only one type of reaction. 
B)  its breakdown is coupled with energy-requiring reactions. 
C)  it provides excess energy for cellular reactions. 
D)  it is not reusable. 
E)  it takes no energy to make it.

Question 13

Which of the areas shown in the figure below indicates the presence of an enzyme in the movement of reactant over to product?

Accepted Answer

A)  a 
B)  b 
C)  c 
D)  d 
E)  Both a & d 
A)  a 
B)  b 
C)  c 
D)  d 
E)  Both a & d

Question 14

Simple diffusion across a plasma membrane is called passive transport because it

Accepted Answer

A)  requires transport proteins. 
B)  requires energy from the cell. 
C)  does not require energy from the cell. 
D)  does not require control by the nucleus. 
E)  moves molecules from low to high concentration. 
A)  requires transport proteins. 
B)  requires energy from the cell. 
C)  does not require energy from the cell. 
D)  does not require control by the nucleus. 
E)  moves molecules from low to high concentration.

Question 15

Which of the following is not a mechanism used to move materials in and out of the cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  osmosis 
B)  facilitated diffusion 
C)  active transport 
D)  feedback inhibition 
E)  phagocytosis 
A)  osmosis 
B)  facilitated diffusion 
C)  active transport 
D)  feedback inhibition 
E)  phagocytosis

Question 16

What is the biological risk of using salt on icy roads in parts of the country that have a cold winter season?

Accepted Answer

A)  The salt has the risk of leeching into the ground and creating a hypertonic environment for plant cells. 
B)  Plant root cells will grow in excess to try to reach fresh water. 
C)  Plant cells will take on excess water from the melted ice and become turgid. 
D)  Salt is in limited supply in the ecosystem and this type of overuse will make it even more so. 
E)  The deer in these areas have the danger of consuming too much of it as they forage for food. 
A)  The salt has the risk of leeching into the ground and creating a hypertonic environment for plant cells. 
B)  Plant root cells will grow in excess to try to reach fresh water. 
C)  Plant cells will take on excess water from the melted ice and become turgid. 
D)  Salt is in limited supply in the ecosystem and this type of overuse will make it even more so. 
E)  The deer in these areas have the danger of consuming too much of it as they forage for food.

Question 17

Both starch and cellulose are made by stringing together many glucose molecules, but starch is easily digested by humans, while cellulose is indigestible. The starch polysaccharide has every bond occurring below the sugar rings while the bonds in cellulose alternate between one bond above the ring and the next below the ring. How can you explain humans'inability to digest cellulose?

Accepted Answer

A)  The enzyme that breaks down starch can only fit the specific bond configuration of bonds below the ring. 
B)  Humans do not eat cellulose. 
C)  The acidic molecules found in stomach acid cannot act on the bonds that are above the sugar rings in cellulose. 
D)  The alternating bonds make the cellulose molecule too large and bulky to enter cells for digestion. 
E)  Cellular respiration is only capable of breaking down specific bonds. 
A)  The enzyme that breaks down starch can only fit the specific bond configuration of bonds below the ring. 
B)  Humans do not eat cellulose. 
C)  The acidic molecules found in stomach acid cannot act on the bonds that are above the sugar rings in cellulose. 
D)  The alternating bonds make the cellulose molecule too large and bulky to enter cells for digestion. 
E)  Cellular respiration is only capable of breaking down specific bonds.

Question 18

Which form of passive transport allows small molecules, such as oxygen, to cross the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  diffusion 
B)  osmosis 
C)  plasmolysis 
D)  phagocytosis 
E)  pinocytosis 
A)  diffusion 
B)  osmosis 
C)  plasmolysis 
D)  phagocytosis 
E)  pinocytosis

Question 19

If blood cells are placed in a hypertonic solution, the cells will

Accepted Answer

A)  shrink due to water loss by the cell. 
B)  be unaffected since they have a cell membrane to separate them from the solution. 
C)  swell due to diffusion. 
D)  burst due to active transport. 
E)  shrink due to the loss of solutes from the blood cell. 
A)  shrink due to water loss by the cell. 
B)  be unaffected since they have a cell membrane to separate them from the solution. 
C)  swell due to diffusion. 
D)  burst due to active transport. 
E)  shrink due to the loss of solutes from the blood cell.

Question 20

Which of the following is an example of osmosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glucose is transported from our blood stream across cell membranes and into the cytoplasm. 
B)  Sodium is pumped across a cell to increase its concentration on one side of the cell membrane. 
C)  The fragrance from a broken bottle of perfume travels throughout the department store. 
D)  A bacterium in the blood stream is engulfed by a white blood cell. 
E)  Cells in our kidneys reabsorb water to reduce the amount of water lost in our urine. 
A)  Glucose is transported from our blood stream across cell membranes and into the cytoplasm. 
B)  Sodium is pumped across a cell to increase its concentration on one side of the cell membrane. 
C)  The fragrance from a broken bottle of perfume travels throughout the department store. 
D)  A bacterium in the blood stream is engulfed by a white blood cell. 
E)  Cells in our kidneys reabsorb water to reduce the amount of water lost in our urine.

Exam 5: The Dynamic Cell

Which of the following is not an example of osmosis?

The changing of an enzyme's shape as the substrate binds to the active site is called the

In the setup shown in the figure below, which of the following statements would describe the conditions observed after 12 hours of time have elapsed?

When a cell is in a solution where the concentration of the solute is the same in the cell as in the solution, the solution is called

Simple diffusion of molecules occurs

Pickles are often preserved in a 20-30% salt solution called brine. How does this method prevent contamination by microorganisms?

A white blood cell surrounds and engulfs a worn-out red blood cell, forming a vesicle around the red blood cell. This process is called

Less energy is needed to bring about a reaction when an enzyme is present.

Considering the ATP cycle, which of the following would have the most potential energy to perform work for cell activities?

Enzymes are named based on the substrate that they bind. This is possible because

In the following figure, which cell exhibits the condition of plant cells that have been placed in a hypertonic environment?

ATP is a good source of energy for a cell because

Which of the areas shown in the figure below indicates the presence of an enzyme in the movement of reactant over to product?

Simple diffusion across a plasma membrane is called passive transport because it

Which of the following is not a mechanism used to move materials in and out of the cell?

What is the biological risk of using salt on icy roads in parts of the country that have a cold winter season?

Which form of passive transport allows small molecules, such as oxygen, to cross the cell membrane?

If blood cells are placed in a hypertonic solution, the cells will

Which of the following is an example of osmosis?

A View of Life

The Chemical Basis of Life

The Organic Molecules of Life

Inside the Cell

Energy for Life

Energy for Cells

Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis and the Genetic Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

DNA Biology and Technology

Biotechnology and Genomics

Genetic Counseling

Darwin and Evolution

Evolution on a Small Scale

Evolution on a Large Scale

The Microorganisms: Viruses, Bacteria, and Protists

The Plants and Fungi

The Animals

Plant Anatomy and Growth

Plant Responses and Reproduction

Being Organized and Steady

The Transport Systems

The Maintenance Systems

Digestion and Human Nutrition

Defenses Against Disease

The Control Systems

Sensory Input and Motor Output

Reproduction and Embryonic Development

Ecology of Populations

Communities and Ecosystems

Human Impact on the Biosphere

Filters