Question 1

Which of the following lists the levels of taxonomic classification in order from the most inclusive to the least inclusive?

Accepted Answer

A)  genus - family - order - class - phylum 
B)  phylum - order - class - family - species 
C)  genus - order - family - class - phylum 
D)  family - order - class - phylum - kingdom 
E)  domain - kingdom - phylum - class - order Domains are the most inclusive classification, while a species is the least inclusive. Thus, domain - kingdom - phylum - class - order is in the correct order from most to least inclusive. 
A)  genus - family - order - class - phylum 
B)  phylum - order - class - family - species 
C)  genus - order - family - class - phylum 
D)  family - order - class - phylum - kingdom 
E)  domain - kingdom - phylum - class - order Domains are the most inclusive classification, while a species is the least inclusive. Thus, domain - kingdom - phylum - class - order is in the correct order from most to least inclusive.

Question 2

Two species are said to be closely related if they

Accepted Answer

A)  possess a common ancestor. 
B)  can interbreed but not produce fertile offspring. 
C)  are reproductively isolated from each other. 
D)  have a shared gene pool. 
E)  can interbreed and produce fertile offspring. Two species are closely related if they possess a common ancestor. The ability to interbreed, whether or not fertile offspring are obtained, does not necessarily indicate that the two species are closely related. 
A)  possess a common ancestor. 
B)  can interbreed but not produce fertile offspring. 
C)  are reproductively isolated from each other. 
D)  have a shared gene pool. 
E)  can interbreed and produce fertile offspring. Two species are closely related if they possess a common ancestor. The ability to interbreed, whether or not fertile offspring are obtained, does not necessarily indicate that the two species are closely related.

Question 3

A reproductive barrier that prevents interbreeding because the two species mate during different times of the year is called an)

Accepted Answer

A)  hybrid sterility isolation. 
B)  postzygotic isolating mechanism. 
C)  F2 fitness isolation. 
D)  temporal isolation. 
E)  behavioral isolation. Temporal isolation refers to a type of prezygotic isolating mechanism that prevents interbreeding when two species reproduce at different times of the year or during different times of day. 
A)  hybrid sterility isolation. 
B)  postzygotic isolating mechanism. 
C)  F2 fitness isolation. 
D)  temporal isolation. 
E)  behavioral isolation. Temporal isolation refers to a type of prezygotic isolating mechanism that prevents interbreeding when two species reproduce at different times of the year or during different times of day.

Question 4

Convergent evolution gives rise to analogous structures in unrelated taxa.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which of the three domains contains) prokaryotic organisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bacteria 
B)  Archaea 
C)  Eukarya 
D)  Bacteria and Archaea 
E)  Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya The domains Bacteria and Archaea contain prokaryotic organisms, while the domain Eukarya contains eukaryotic organisms. 
A)  Bacteria 
B)  Archaea 
C)  Eukarya 
D)  Bacteria and Archaea 
E)  Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya The domains Bacteria and Archaea contain prokaryotic organisms, while the domain Eukarya contains eukaryotic organisms.

Question 6

Which of the following is not part of the punctuated equilibrium model?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is a period of no change interrupted by speciation. 
B)  Transitional fossils are less likely to be found. 
C)  It is difficult to determine when speciation occurred. 
D)  It often involves an isolated subpopulation. 
E)  Speciation often occurs rapidly. In the punctuated equilibrium model, speciation occurs rapidly after long periods of little to no change, making transitional fossils rare. Rapid speciation events can occur from isolated populations, but once fossils of the new species are discovered, it is relatively straightforward to determine the point in time at which the speciation event occurred. 
A)  There is a period of no change interrupted by speciation. 
B)  Transitional fossils are less likely to be found. 
C)  It is difficult to determine when speciation occurred. 
D)  It often involves an isolated subpopulation. 
E)  Speciation often occurs rapidly. In the punctuated equilibrium model, speciation occurs rapidly after long periods of little to no change, making transitional fossils rare. Rapid speciation events can occur from isolated populations, but once fossils of the new species are discovered, it is relatively straightforward to determine the point in time at which the speciation event occurred.

Question 7

Which geological timescale contains the greatest number of years?

Accepted Answer

A)  eras 
B)  periods 
C)  epochs 
D)  centuries 
E)  decades The geological timescale divides the history of life on Earth into eras, then periods, and then epochs. 
A)  eras 
B)  periods 
C)  epochs 
D)  centuries 
E)  decades The geological timescale divides the history of life on Earth into eras, then periods, and then epochs.

Question 8

Most dinosaurs became extinct at the end of which of the following periods of the Mesozoic?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jurassic 
B)  Cretaceous 
C)  Devonian 
D)  Triassic 
E)  Permian Dinosaurs first appeared during the Triassic period and flourished during the Jurassic period; then most became extinct at the end of the Cretaceous period, marking the end of the Mesozoic era. 
A)  Jurassic 
B)  Cretaceous 
C)  Devonian 
D)  Triassic 
E)  Permian Dinosaurs first appeared during the Triassic period and flourished during the Jurassic period; then most became extinct at the end of the Cretaceous period, marking the end of the Mesozoic era.

Question 9

Elaborate courtship behavior in animals, such as with the blue-footed boobies of the Galápagos Islands, is an example of which of the following reproductive barriers?

Accepted Answer

A)  behavioral isolation 
B)  mechanical isolation 
C)  temporal isolation 
D)  postzygotic isolation 
E)  hybrid sterility Because female blue-footed boobies reject mates that do not perform the correct courtship behavior, this is an example of a behavioral isolation mechanism. 
A)  behavioral isolation 
B)  mechanical isolation 
C)  temporal isolation 
D)  postzygotic isolation 
E)  hybrid sterility Because female blue-footed boobies reject mates that do not perform the correct courtship behavior, this is an example of a behavioral isolation mechanism.

Question 10

A major difference between allopatric and sympatric speciation is whether

Accepted Answer

A)  the resulting species are reproductively isolated or not. 
B)  gene flow continues to occur or not. 
C)  two or three species result. 
D)  geographic isolation is required or not. 
E)  the new species are separated by a prezygotic or postzygotic isolating mechanism. The prefix allo- means "different," whereas the prefix sym- means "same." The root word of both terms, patria, loosely means "homeland." Thus, the two types of speciation are differentiated by whether or not geographical isolation is required-allopatric meaning "different homeland," and sympatric meaning "same homeland." 
A)  the resulting species are reproductively isolated or not. 
B)  gene flow continues to occur or not. 
C)  two or three species result. 
D)  geographic isolation is required or not. 
E)  the new species are separated by a prezygotic or postzygotic isolating mechanism. The prefix allo- means "different," whereas the prefix sym- means "same." The root word of both terms, patria, loosely means "homeland." Thus, the two types of speciation are differentiated by whether or not geographical isolation is required-allopatric meaning "different homeland," and sympatric meaning "same homeland."

Question 11

The finches of the Galápagos islands evolved as a result of what types) of speciation?

Accepted Answer

A)  allopatric speciation 
B)  adaptive radiation 
C)  sympatric speciation 
D)  both allopatric speciation and adaptive radiation 
E)  both sympatric speciation and adaptive radiation The Galápagos finches are usually presented as an example of adaptive radiation, a mechanism by which multiple species arise from a common ancestor. However, the speciation of the finches also involves allopatric speciation, in which the reproductive isolation of populations of finches resulted in their speciation. Thus, the speciation of finches in the Galápagos reflects both adaptive radiation and allopatric speciation. 
A)  allopatric speciation 
B)  adaptive radiation 
C)  sympatric speciation 
D)  both allopatric speciation and adaptive radiation 
E)  both sympatric speciation and adaptive radiation The Galápagos finches are usually presented as an example of adaptive radiation, a mechanism by which multiple species arise from a common ancestor. However, the speciation of the finches also involves allopatric speciation, in which the reproductive isolation of populations of finches resulted in their speciation. Thus, the speciation of finches in the Galápagos reflects both adaptive radiation and allopatric speciation.

Exam 16: Evolution on a Large Scale

Which of the following lists the levels of taxonomic classification in order from the most inclusive to the least inclusive?

Two species are said to be closely related if they

A reproductive barrier that prevents interbreeding because the two species mate during different times of the year is called an)

Convergent evolution gives rise to analogous structures in unrelated taxa.

Which of the three domains contains) prokaryotic organisms?

Which of the following is not part of the punctuated equilibrium model?

Which geological timescale contains the greatest number of years?

Most dinosaurs became extinct at the end of which of the following periods of the Mesozoic?

Elaborate courtship behavior in animals, such as with the blue-footed boobies of the Galápagos Islands, is an example of which of the following reproductive barriers?

A major difference between allopatric and sympatric speciation is whether

The finches of the Galápagos islands evolved as a result of what types) of speciation?

A View of Life

The Chemical Basis of Life

The Organic Molecules of Life

Inside the Cell

The Dynamic Cell

Energy for Life

Energy for Cells

Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis and the Genetic Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

DNA Biology and Technology

Biotechnology and Genomics

Genetic Counseling

Darwin and Evolution

Evolution on a Small Scale

The Microorganisms: Viruses, Bacteria, and Protists

The Plants and Fungi

The Animals

Plant Anatomy and Growth

Plant Responses and Reproduction

Being Organized and Steady

The Transport Systems

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Digestion and Human Nutrition

Defenses Against Disease

The Control Systems

Sensory Input and Motor Output

Reproduction and Embryonic Development

Ecology of Populations

Communities and Ecosystems

Human Impact on the Biosphere

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