Exam 9: Long-Term Memory I: Storage and Encoding

Jeff wants to remember the twelve signs of the zodiac: Aries (ram), Taurus (bull), Gemini (twins), Cancer (crab), Leo (lion), Virgo (virgin), Libra (balance), Scorpio (scorpion), Sagittarius (archer), Capricorn (goat), Aquarius (water carrier), and Pisces (fish). He does not necessarily want to remember them in any particular order. Considering research results described in the textbook, which one of the following techniques will maximize Jeff's chances of remembering all twelve?

Ms. Trinh is about to start a unit on sharks. Some of her students have a strong interest in sharks and know a lot about them. Others know very little about sharks. When Ms. Trinh gives a reading assignment about sharks, she should expect that:

Which one of the following teachers provides the best example of the halo effect?

A biology teacher wants students to remember the various components of a cell (nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane). Considering what research tells us about long-term memory storage, the teacher would be well advised to help students encode information about the cell:

Which one of the following is the most accurate statement about how people perceive the world around them?

Which one of the following is the best example of enactment as a facilitator of long-term memory storage?

Three of the following teachers are using strategies that should help students effectively learn and remember information. Which one is not necessarily promoting effective cognitive processing?

What important role can declarative knowledge play in assisting people as they make use of their procedural knowledge?

A physics teacher asks her students to draw a picture to illustrate the forces at work when someone throws a ball into the air. This strategy should do two things to help students remember the forces involved. In particular, it should encourage students to engage in both:

Michael is in a serious motorcycle accident and loses consciousness for several hours. When he wakes up in the hospital emergency room, he doesn't remember being in the accident. In fact, he doesn't even remember the events that led up to the accident. Which one of the following alternatives is the most likely explanation for Michael's memory loss?

One of the history teachers below is violating a principle recommended for promoting long-term memory storage during instruction. Which teacher is doing so?

According to the textbook, we will form a connection between a new piece of information and something we already know only if:

To pass the time one day, Keisha multiplies 2 by 2 by 2 by 2 ... and so on, on her calculator. She observes that the products increase in size more dramatically with each calculation. A few weeks later, when her math teacher explains what it means for something to increase exponentially, Keisha realizes that she has already discovered this idea on her own, and she remembers it better as a result. Which one of the following concepts best characterizes Keisha's enhanced understanding of an exponential increase?

Which one of the following is least likely to be a good predictor of how well a person will remember a piece of information a year or two after learning it?

To help herself learn the early explorers of the New World, Jessica makes a chart that lists the Spanish explorers together, the Portuguese explorers together, the French explorers together, and so on. Which one of the following processes is Jessica most clearly demonstrating?

Which one of the following is the best example of sensation (as opposed to perception)?

Which one of the following is the best example of a signal in teacher-directed instruction?

To learn how to spell rhinoceros, Paula repeats the letters of the word over and over again without really thinking about what she is saying. Considering research findings about the effectiveness of rehearsal, we can predict that Paula's strategy will be:

Which one of the following students definitely has a meaningful learning set?

Which one of the following statements best describes how learners are apt to acquire procedural knowledge?