Question 1

A real gas undergoes a process which can be represented as a curve on a p-V diagram. The work done by the gas during this process is:

Accepted Answer

A)  pV 
B)  p(V2 - V1) 
C)  (p2 - p1)V 
D) $\int$p dV 
E)  V dp 
A)  pV 
B)  p(V2 - V1) 
C)  (p2 - p1)V 
D) $\int$p dV 
E)  V dp

Question 2

The Maxwellian speed distribution provides a direct explanation of:

Accepted Answer

A)  thermal expansion 
B)  the ideal gas law 
C)  heat 
D)  evaporation 
E)  boiling 
A)  thermal expansion 
B)  the ideal gas law 
C)  heat 
D)  evaporation 
E)  boiling

Question 3

What is the relationship between the ideal gas constant R and the Boltzmann constant k?

Accepted Answer

A)  R = nk/N 
B)  R = Nk/n 
C)  R = n/Nk 
D)  R = N/nk 
E)  depends on the molar specific heat of the gas 
A)  R = nk/N 
B)  R = Nk/n 
C)  R = n/Nk 
D)  R = N/nk 
E)  depends on the molar specific heat of the gas

Question 4

A real gas undergoes a process which can be represented as a curve on a p-V diagram. This curve is an isotherm if:

Accepted Answer

A)  the volume of the gas does not change 
B)  the temperature of the gas does not change 
C)  the pressure of the gas does not change 
D)  the gas does no work on its environment 
E)  the gas exchanges no heat with its environment 
A)  the volume of the gas does not change 
B)  the temperature of the gas does not change 
C)  the pressure of the gas does not change 
D)  the gas does no work on its environment 
E)  the gas exchanges no heat with its environment

Question 5

According to the Maxwellian speed distribution, as the temperature increases the most probable speed:

Accepted Answer

A)  increases 
B)  decreases 
C)  increases at high temperatures and decreases at low 
D)  decreases at high temperatures and increases at low 
E)  stays the same 
A)  increases 
B)  decreases 
C)  increases at high temperatures and decreases at low 
D)  decreases at high temperatures and increases at low 
E)  stays the same

Question 6

Two ideal gases, each consisting of N monatomic molecules, are in thermal equilibrium with each other and equilibrium is maintained as the temperature is increased. A molecule of the first gas has mass m and a molecule of the second has mass 4m. The ratio of the internal energies E4m/Em is:

Accepted Answer

A)  1/4 
B)  1/2 
C)  1 
D)  2 
E)  4 
A)  1/4 
B)  1/2 
C)  1 
D)  2 
E)  4

Question 7

The pressure of an ideal gas is doubled during a process in which the energy given up as heat by the gas equals the work done on the gas. As a result, the volume is:

Accepted Answer

A)  doubled 
B)  halved 
C)  unchanged 
D)  need more information to answer 
E)  nonsense, the process is impossible 
A)  doubled 
B)  halved 
C)  unchanged 
D)  need more information to answer 
E)  nonsense, the process is impossible

Question 8

A quantity of an ideal gas is compressed to half its initial volume. The process may be adiabatic, isothermal or occurring at constant pressure. Rank those three processes in order of the work required of an external agent, least to greatest.

Accepted Answer

A)  adiabatic, isothermal, constant pressure 
B)  adiabatic, constant pressure, isothermal 
C)  isothermal, adiabatic, constant pressure 
D)  constant pressure, adiabatic, isothermal 
E)  constant pressure, isothermal, adiabatic 
A)  adiabatic, isothermal, constant pressure 
B)  adiabatic, constant pressure, isothermal 
C)  isothermal, adiabatic, constant pressure 
D)  constant pressure, adiabatic, isothermal 
E)  constant pressure, isothermal, adiabatic

Question 9

The number of degrees of freedom of a triatomic molecule is:

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  3 
C)  6 
D)  8 
E)  9 
A)  1 
B)  3 
C)  6 
D)  8 
E)  9

Question 10

The mean free path of air molecules at room temperature and atmospheric pressure is about:

Accepted Answer

A)  10-3 m 
B)  10-5 m 
C)  10-7 m 
D)  10-9 m 
E)  10-11 m 
A)  10-3 m 
B)  10-5 m 
C)  10-7 m 
D)  10-9 m 
E)  10-11 m

Question 11

Two ideal monatomic gases are in thermal equilibrium with each other. Gas A is composed of molecules with mass m while gas B is composed of molecules with mass 4m. The ratio of the average molecular speeds vA/vB is:

Accepted Answer

A)  1/4 
B)  1/2 
C)  1 
D)  2 
E)  4 
A)  1/4 
B)  1/2 
C)  1 
D)  2 
E)  4

Question 12

Oxygen has a molar mass of 32 g/mol. If 12 moles of oxygen are in a 0.1-m3 container with an rms speed of 480 m/s, what is the pressure of the gas?

Accepted Answer

A)  2.9 x 105 Pa 
B)  2.1 x 106 Pa 
C)  3.4 x 107 Pa 
D)  2.9 x 108 Pa 
E)  2.1 x 109 Pa 
A)  2.9 x 105 Pa 
B)  2.1 x 106 Pa 
C)  3.4 x 107 Pa 
D)  2.9 x 108 Pa 
E)  2.1 x 109 Pa

Question 13

When an ideal gas undergoes a slow isothermal expansion:

Accepted Answer

A)  the work done by the gas is the same as the energy absorbed as heat 
B)  the work done by the environment is the same as the energy absorbed as heat 
C)  the increase in internal energy is the same as the heat absorbed 
D)  the increase in internal energy is the same as the work done by the gas 
E)  the increase in internal energy is the same as the work done by the environment 
A)  the work done by the gas is the same as the energy absorbed as heat 
B)  the work done by the environment is the same as the energy absorbed as heat 
C)  the increase in internal energy is the same as the heat absorbed 
D)  the increase in internal energy is the same as the work done by the gas 
E)  the increase in internal energy is the same as the work done by the environment

Question 14

Both the pressure and volume of an ideal gas of diatomic molecules are doubled. The ratio of the new internal energy to the old both measured relative to the internal energy at 0 K is:

Accepted Answer

A)  1/4 
B)  1/2 
C)  1 
D)  2 
E)  4 
A)  1/4 
B)  1/2 
C)  1 
D)  2 
E)  4

Question 15

A given mass of gas is enclosed in a suitable container so that it may be maintained at constant volume. Under these conditions, there can be no change in what property of the gas?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pressure 
B)  Density 
C)  Molecular kinetic energy 
D)  Internal energy 
E)  Temperature 
A)  Pressure 
B)  Density 
C)  Molecular kinetic energy 
D)  Internal energy 
E)  Temperature

Question 16

It is known that 28 grams of a certain ideal gas occupy 22.4 liters at standard conditions (0 $\degree$C, 1 atm). The volume occupied by 42 grams of this gas at standard conditions is:

Accepted Answer

A)  14.9 liters 
B)  22.4 liters 
C)  33.6 liters 
D)  42 liters 
E)  more data are needed 
A)  14.9 liters 
B)  22.4 liters 
C)  33.6 liters 
D)  42 liters 
E)  more data are needed

Question 17

The rms speed of an oxygen molecule at 0 $\degree$C is 460 m/s. If the molar mass of oxygen is 32 g and of helium is 4 g, then the rms speed of a helium molecule at 0 $\degree$C is:

Accepted Answer

A)  160 m/s 
B)  330 m/s 
C)  650 m/s 
D)  1300 m/s 
E)  3700 m/s 
A)  160 m/s 
B)  330 m/s 
C)  650 m/s 
D)  1300 m/s 
E)  3700 m/s

Question 18

The average speeds v and molecular diameters d of five ideal gases are given below. The number of molecules per unit volume is the same for all of them. For which is the collision rate the greatest?

Accepted Answer

A)  v = v0 and d = d0 
B)  v = 2v0 and d = d0/2 
C)  v = 3v0 and d = d0 
D)  v = v0 and d = 2d0 
E)  v = 4v0 and d = d0/2 
A)  v = v0 and d = d0 
B)  v = 2v0 and d = d0/2 
C)  v = 3v0 and d = d0 
D)  v = v0 and d = 2d0 
E)  v = 4v0 and d = d0/2

Question 19

Energy transferred into an ideal gas as heat:

Accepted Answer

A)  goes entirely into the internal energy of the gas 
B)  goes entirely into doing work to expand the gas 
C)  goes entirely into the internal energy of the gas only if the pressure is constant 
D)  goes entirely into the internal energy of the gas only if the temperature is constant 
E)  goes entirely into the internal energy of the gas only if the volume is constant 
A)  goes entirely into the internal energy of the gas 
B)  goes entirely into doing work to expand the gas 
C)  goes entirely into the internal energy of the gas only if the pressure is constant 
D)  goes entirely into the internal energy of the gas only if the temperature is constant 
E)  goes entirely into the internal energy of the gas only if the volume is constant

Question 20

Evidence that a gas consists mostly of empty space is the fact that:

Accepted Answer

A)  the density of a gas becomes much greater when it is liquefied 
B)  gases exert pressure on the walls of their containers 
C)  gases are transparent 
D)  heating a gas increases the molecular motion 
E)  nature abhors a vacuum 
A)  the density of a gas becomes much greater when it is liquefied 
B)  gases exert pressure on the walls of their containers 
C)  gases are transparent 
D)  heating a gas increases the molecular motion 
E)  nature abhors a vacuum

Exam 19: The Kinetic Theory of Gases

A real gas undergoes a process which can be represented as a curve on a p-V diagram. The work done by the gas during this process is:

The Maxwellian speed distribution provides a direct explanation of:

What is the relationship between the ideal gas constant R and the Boltzmann constant k?

A real gas undergoes a process which can be represented as a curve on a p-V diagram. This curve is an isotherm if:

According to the Maxwellian speed distribution, as the temperature increases the most probable speed:

Two ideal gases, each consisting of N monatomic molecules, are in thermal equilibrium with each other and equilibrium is maintained as the temperature is increased. A molecule of the first gas has mass m and a molecule of the second has mass 4m. The ratio of the internal energies E4m/Em is:

The pressure of an ideal gas is doubled during a process in which the energy given up as heat by the gas equals the work done on the gas. As a result, the volume is:

A quantity of an ideal gas is compressed to half its initial volume. The process may be adiabatic, isothermal or occurring at constant pressure. Rank those three processes in order of the work required of an external agent, least to greatest.

The number of degrees of freedom of a triatomic molecule is:

The mean free path of air molecules at room temperature and atmospheric pressure is about:

Two ideal monatomic gases are in thermal equilibrium with each other. Gas A is composed of molecules with mass m while gas B is composed of molecules with mass 4m. The ratio of the average molecular speeds vA/vB is:

Oxygen has a molar mass of 32 g/mol. If 12 moles of oxygen are in a 0.1-m3 container with an rms speed of 480 m/s, what is the pressure of the gas?

When an ideal gas undergoes a slow isothermal expansion:

Both the pressure and volume of an ideal gas of diatomic molecules are doubled. The ratio of the new internal energy to the old both measured relative to the internal energy at 0 K is:

A given mass of gas is enclosed in a suitable container so that it may be maintained at constant volume. Under these conditions, there can be no change in what property of the gas?

It is known that 28 grams of a certain ideal gas occupy 22.4 liters at standard conditions (0 °\degree° C, 1 atm). The volume occupied by 42 grams of this gas at standard conditions is:

The rms speed of an oxygen molecule at 0 °\degree° C is 460 m/s. If the molar mass of oxygen is 32 g and of helium is 4 g, then the rms speed of a helium molecule at 0 °\degree° C is:

The average speeds v and molecular diameters d of five ideal gases are given below. The number of molecules per unit volume is the same for all of them. For which is the collision rate the greatest?

Energy transferred into an ideal gas as heat:

Evidence that a gas consists mostly of empty space is the fact that:

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Two ideal gases, each consisting of N monatomic molecules, are in thermal equilibrium with each other and equilibrium is maintained as the temperature is increased. A molecule of the first gas has mass m and a molecule of the second has mass 4m. The ratio of the internal energies E₄_m/E_m is:

Two ideal monatomic gases are in thermal equilibrium with each other. Gas A is composed of molecules with mass m while gas B is composed of molecules with mass 4m. The ratio of the average molecular speeds v_A/v_B is:

Oxygen has a molar mass of 32 g/mol. If 12 moles of oxygen are in a 0.1-m³ container with an rms speed of 480 m/s, what is the pressure of the gas?

It is known that 28 grams of a certain ideal gas occupy 22.4 liters at standard conditions (0 $\degree$ C, 1 atm). The volume occupied by 42 grams of this gas at standard conditions is:

The rms speed of an oxygen molecule at 0 $\degree$ C is 460 m/s. If the molar mass of oxygen is 32 g and of helium is 4 g, then the rms speed of a helium molecule at 0 $\degree$ C is: